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1,024 results for “mosquitoes”
Data from: Chromosome inversions and ecological plasticity in the main African malaria mosquitoes
Chromosome inversions have fascinated the scientific community, mainly because of their role in the rapid adaption of different taxa to changing environments. However, the ecological traits linked to chromosome inversions have been poorly studied. Here, we investigated the roles played by 23 chromosome inversions in the adaptation of the four major African malaria mosquitoes to local environments in Africa. We studied their distribution patterns by using spatially explicit modeling and characterized the ecogeographical determinants of each inversion range. We then performed hierarchical clustering and constrained ordination analyses to assess the spatial and ecological similarities among inversions. Our results show that most inversions are environmentally structured, suggesting that they are actively involved in processes of local adaptation. Some inversions exhibited similar geographical patterns and ecological requirements among the four mosquito species, providing evidence for parallel evolution. Conversely, common inversion polymorphisms between sibling species displayed divergent ecological patterns, suggesting that they might have a different adaptive role in each species. These results are in agreement with the finding that chromosomal inversions play a role in Anopheles ecotypic adaptation. This study establishes a strong ecological basis for future genome-based analyses to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of local adaptation in these four mosquitoes.
Dataset for Article: "Citizen Science Provides a Reliable and Scalable Tool to Track Disease-Carrying Mosquitoes"
<p>This is the dataset used for the analysis in Citizen Science Provides a Reliable and Scalable Tool to Track Disease-Carrying Mosquitoes, by John R.B. Palmer, Aitana Oltra, Francisco Collantes, Juan Antonio Delgado, Javier Lucientes, Sarah Delacour, Mikel Bengoa, Roger Eritja, and Frederic Bartumeus. </p> <p> </p> <p>Copyright &copy; 2017 John R.B. Palmer, Aitana Oltra, Francisco Collantes, Juan Antonio Delgado, Javier Lucientes, Sarah Delacour, Mikel Bengoa, Roger Eritja, and Frederic Bartumeus.</p> <p><br> Dataset for Article: "Citizen Science Provides a Reliable and Scalable Tool to Track Disease-Carrying Mosquitoes" by John R.B. Palmer, Aitana Oltra, Francisco Collantes, Juan Antonio Delgado, Javier Lucientes, Sarah Delacour, Mikel Bengoa, Roger Eritja, and Frederic Bartumeus is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</p>
How often are male mosquitoes attracted to humans?
<p>Many mosquito species live close to humans where females feed on human blood. While male mosquitoes do not feed on blood, it has long been recognized that males of some species can be attracted to human hosts. To investigate how commonly male mosquitoes are attracted to humans, we review existing literature and performed human-baited field trials. We then undertook further laboratory and tent experiments to examine attraction to humans in males and females of three common <em>Aedes</em> species. We find that male attraction to humans is restricted to a handful of species including <em>Aedes aegypti</em> and <em>Ae. albopictus</em>. The presence of male host-seeking behaviour in some species may promote mating success and contribute to these species being globally invasive. Male and female <em>Ae. aegypti </em>show similar patterns in preferential attraction between different human subjects. We also demonstrate that mosquito repellents applied to human skin repel male mosquitoes. Our findings provide insights into mosquito evolution and behaviour and have implications for mosquito control programs, particularly those that involve monitoring of the male mosquito population.</p>
Fig. 3 in Northernmost records of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in northwestern Russia
Fig. 3. Northernmost records of Aedes spp. Doubtful records are marked with an asterisk (*).
Data for: Phenotypic adaptation to temperature in the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti
<p><span>Most models exploring the effects of climate change on </span><span>mosquito-borne disease ignore thermal adaptation. However, if local adaptation leads to changes in mosquito thermal responses, 'one size fits all' models could fail to capture current variation between populations and future adaptive responses to changes in temperature. Here we assess phenotypic adaptation to temperature in <em>Aedes aegypti</em>, the primary vector of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. First, to explore whether there is any difference in existing thermal response of mosquitoes between populations we used a thermal knockdown assay to examine five populations of <em>Ae. aegypti </em>collected from climatically diverse locations in Mexico, together with a longstanding laboratory strain. We identified significant phenotypic variation in thermal tolerance between populations. Next, to explore whether such variation can be generated by differences in temperature we conducted an experimental passage study by establishing six replicate lines from a single field-derived population of <em>Ae. aegypti </em>from Mexico, maintaining half at 27<strong><span class="nounderlines">°</span></strong>C and the other half at 31<strong><span class="nounderlines">°</span></strong>C. After 10 generations we found a significant difference in mosquito performance, with the lines maintained under elevated temperatures showing greater thermal tolerance. Moreover, these differences in thermal tolerance translated to shifts in the thermal performance curves for multiple life history traits, leading to differences in overall fitness. Together, these novel findings provide compelling evidence that <em>Ae. aegypti </em>populations can and do differ in thermal response, suggesting that simplified thermal performance models might be insufficient for predicting the effects of climate on vector-borne disease transmission. </span></p>
Dataset for: Hug et al. Unexpected behavioural adaptation of yellow fever mosquitoes in response to high temperatures
<p>Dataset for the manuscript: Hug et al. Unexpected behavioural adaptation of yellow fever mosquitoes in response to high temperatures</p>
Data from: Larval diet and temperature alter mosquito immunity and development: using body size and developmental traits to track carry-over effects on longevity
<p><span><strong>Background</strong>:</span><span> Estimating arbovirus transmission potential requires a mechanistic understanding of how environmental factors influence the expression of adult mosquito traits. While preimaginal exposure to environmental factors can have profound effects on adult traits, tracking and predicting these effects remains challenging. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong>:</span><span> Using <em>Aedes albopictus</em> and a structural equation modelling approach, we explored how larval nutrition and temperature jointly affect development rate and success, body size, and whether these metrics capture carry-over effects on adult longevity. Additionally, we investigated how larval diet and temperature affect the baseline expression of ten immune genes. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>:</span><span> We found that larval development </span><span>success</span><span> was primarily determined by diet, while temperature and diet both affected development rate, pupal wet weight, and wing length. Effects of diet on both morphometric measures and their relationships to adult longevity were asymmetrical, with wing length having a positive association and pupal weight a negative association. Larval diet indirectly affected adult longevity, and the time to pupation was negatively correlated with longevity. </span><span>The</span><span> expression of </span><span>eight </span><span>immune genes from Toll, </span><span>JAK-STAT, and Imd pathways </span><span>was enhanced in mosquitoes with higher nutrition. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusions</strong>:</span><span> Our results highlight deficiencies from using a single body size measure to capture carry-over effects on adult traits. Further studies of larval development rate under varying environmental conditions and its potential for tracking carry-over effects on vectorial capacity are warranted. </span></p>
Fig. 1 in Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I Variation In Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes Albopictus): Determination Of The Different And Multiple Introduction Situations In Türkiye
Fig. 1. Collection points of A. albopictus samples used in the study
North London Mill Mosquito Pass
Alma, Colorado Mosquito Pass North London Mill Historic Mining site https://www.facebook.com/nolocolorado/ Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Spatially explicit habitat selection: testing contagion and the ideal free distribution with culex mosquitoes
<p>Since its inception, attempts have been made to improve Ideal Free Distribution (IFD) Theory in order make it better fit real-world data. Spatial contagion is a newer ecological concept that suggests the perceived quality of a patch can be affected by the quality of its neighbor patches. Here, we present a series of experiments testing for potential contagion effects, examining how contagion can interact with the IFD, and determining whether spatial context affects assessment of habitat quality. First, we tested whether the presence of conspecific competitors negatively impacts oviposition habitat selection by female mosquitoes (<em>Culex restuans</em>). We then used a more complex spatial landscape to determine whether competition can create a spatial contagion effect. Finally, we examined whether the density of conspecifics can adjust the contagion effect of nutrient availability. We found that while females avoided patches containing conspecifics, there was no effect of competition/density on neighboring patches. Additionally, we found that resource availability was a significant predictor of where egg rafts were laid, but resource availability did not have a contagion effect. These results provide further support for the utility of the IFD, as individuals were able to accurately assess patch-level habitat quality.<br> </p>
Data from: Comparative assessment of a novel fan box trap for collecting Anopheles farauti and culicine mosquitoes alive in tropical north Queensland, Australia
<p>During preliminary mosquito surveys at Cowley Beach Training Area in north Queensland, Australia, it was found that the utility of the standard encephalitis virus surveillance (EVS) trap for collecting the malaria vector <em>Anopheles farauti</em> (Laveran) adults was compromised by the harsh tropical conditions. With the aim of increasing the survival rate of mosquitoes, we designed a downdraft fan box trap (FBT) that incorporated a screened fan at the bottom of the trap, so mosquitoes did not have to pass through a fan. The FBT was tested against the EVS and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps, where mosquitoes do pass through a fan, and a nonpowered passive box trap (PBT). We conducted four trials to compare the quantity and survival of <em>An. farauti</em> and culicine mosquitoes were collected in these traps. Although not significant, the FBT collected more <em>An</em>. <em>farauti</em> than the EVS trap and PBT and significantly less <em>An. farauti</em> than the CDC light trap. However, the FBT improved on the CDC light trap in terms of the survival of <em>An</em>. <em>farauti</em> adults collected, with a significantly higher percentage alive in the FBT (74.6%) than in the CDC light trap (27.5%). Thus, although the FBT did not collect as many anophelines as the CDC, it proved to be superior to current trap systems for collecting large numbers of live and relatively undamaged mosquitoes. Therefore, it is recommended that FBTs be used for collecting <em>An. farauti</em> adults in northern Australia, especially when high survival and sample quality are important.</p>
Length-mass allometries of larval mosquitoes and aquatic dipterans: differences between taxa, traits and methods
<p>Body mass underpins many ecological processes at the level of individuals, populations and communities. Often estimated in arthropods from linear traits such as body length or head width, these relationships can vary even between closely related taxa. Length-mass relationships of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae are poorly known, despite the importance of this taxon to disease and aquatic ecology. To fill this gap, we measured ontogenetic changes in linear traits (body length, head width and thorax width) and dry and wet masses, and estimated length- and width-mass relationships in larvae of three Culicidae species inhabiting different niches: the tropical <em>Aedes</em> <em>albopictus</em> (Skuse, 1894), the temperate <em>Culex</em> <em>pipiens</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) and the snowmelt <em>Ochlerotatus</em> <em>punctor</em> (Kirby, 1837). We compared these data with published length-weight allometries of other larval aquatic dipterans. We show that thorax width and body length, but not head width, reliably predict body mass for the three mosquito species. The length-mass allometry slopes in aquatic dipterans vary considerably between and within families but are independent of phylogeny, specimen handling, preservation techniques, and data fitting method. However, slope estimates become less precise with decreasing sample size and size range. To obtain reliable estimates of the allometric slopes, we recommend using data on all larval stages for intraspecific allometries and a wide range of species for interspecific allometries. We also caution against indiscriminately using of length-mass allometries obtained for other taxa or collected at lower taxonomic resolution, e.g. when using length-mass relationships to estimate biomass production at a given site. </p>
Data from: A convolutional neural network to identify mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) of the genus Aedes by wing images
<p>Accurate species identification is a prerequisite to assess the medical relevance of a mosquito specimens. In monitoring or surveillance programs, mosquitoes are typically identified based on morphological characters, which can be supported by molecular biological assays. Both methods require intensive experience of the observers and well-equipped laboratories. The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to identify species based on images may be a cost-effective and reliable alternative. In this proof-of-concept study, we developed a CNN to identify seven <em>Aedes</em> species by wing images, only. While previous studies used images of the whole mosquito body, the nearly two-dimensional wings may facilitate standardized image capture and thereby reduce the complexity of the CNN implementation.</p> <p>Mosquitoes were sampled from different sites in Germany. Their wings were mounted and photographed with a professional stereomicroscope. The data set consisted of 1,155 wing images from seven <em>Aedes</em> species, including the exotic species <em>Aedes albopictus</em> und six native <em>Aedes</em> species, as well as 554 wings from different non-<em>Aedes </em>mosquitoes. The wing images were used to train a CNN to differentiate between <em>Aedes</em> and non-<em>Aedes</em> mosquitoes and to classify the seven <em>Aedes </em>species. The training was conducted separately for grayscale and RGB images. Image processing, data augmentation, training, validation and testing were conducted in python using deep-learning framework PyTorch. </p> <p>For both input images, i.e. grayscale and RGB images, our best-performing CNN configuration achieved an accuracy of 100% to discriminate <em>Aedes</em> from non-<em>Aedes </em>mosquito species<em>. </em>The accuracy to predict the <em>Aedes</em> species reached 93% for grayscale images and 96% for RGB images. <em>Aedes albopictus</em> could be identified with an accuracy of 100%. </p> <p>In conclusion, wing images are sufficient to identify mosquito species by CNN based image classification. Thus, wing images can represent a useful complement for CNN-based image classification, e.g. for damaged mosquito specimens. Larger training data sets with further mosquito species and a greater variety of images are required to improve and test broad applicability.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Comparative performance of a multi-locus barcoding approach to enhance taxonomic resolution of New Zealand mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)
FIGURE 1 (Continued)
Fragmented sequences for mosquito-associated viruses and other viruses
<p>Fragmented fasta sequences associated with the manuscript Predicting novel mosquito-associated viruses from metatranscriptomic dark matter</p>
Features matrices to classify mosquito-associated viruses
<p>Feature matrices associated with the manuscript Predicting novel mosquito-associated viruses from metatranscriptomic dark matter (in press)</p>
Two mosquito salivary antigens demonstrate promise as biomarkers of recent exposure to P. falciparum-infected mosquito bites
<p>Measuring malaria transmission intensity using the traditional entomological inoculation rate is difficult. Antibody responses to mosquito salivary proteins such as SG6 have previously been used as biomarkers of exposure to <em>Anopheles</em> mosquito bites. Here, we investigate four mosquito salivary proteins as potential biomarkers of human exposure to mosquitoes infected with <em>P. falciparum</em>: mosGILT, SAMPSP1, AgSAP, and AgTRIO. We tested population-level human immune responses in longitudinal and cross-sectional plasma samples from subjects with known <em>P. falciparum</em> infection from low and moderate transmission areas in Senegal using a multiplexed magnetic bead-based assay. AgSAP and AgTRIO were the best indicators of recent exposure to infected mosquitoes, with antibody responses to AgSAP in a moderate endemic area, and to AgTRIO in both low and moderate endemic areas, significantly higher than healthy non-endemic control cohort (p-values = 0.0245, 0.0064, and <0.0001 respectively). No antibody responses significantly differed between the low and moderate transmission area, or between equivalent groups during and outside the malaria transmission seasons. For AgSAP and AgTRIO, reactivity peaked 2-4 weeks after clinical <em>P. falciparum</em> infection and declined 3 months after infection. Reactivity to both AgSAP and AgTRIO peaked after infection and did not differ seasonally nor between areas of low and moderate transmission, suggesting reactivity is due to exposure to infectious mosquitos or recent biting rather than general mosquito exposure. Kinetics suggest reactivity is relatively short-lived. AgSAP and AgTRIO are promising candidates to incorporate into multiplexed assays for serosurveillance of population-level changes in <em>P. falciparum</em>-infected mosquito exposure.</p>
Phegopteris connectilis, Mosquito River, Alger County, Michigan.Photo by Susan Fawcett. in A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae
Phegopteris connectilis, Mosquito River, Alger County, Michigan.Photo by Susan Fawcett.
Adaptive genomic signatures of globally invasive populations of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti
<p><strong>* These authors contributed equally: </strong>Alejandro N. Lozada-Chávez, Irma Lozada-Chávez.</p> <h3> </h3> <h1>Supplementary Dataset</h1> <p> </p> <p>This repository contains the <strong> Supplementary Data (from 1 to 12) </strong>cited in our paper "Adaptive genomic signatures of globally invasive populations of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti" in <em>Nature Ecology and Evolution</em>: <a title="Aedes aegypti domestication." href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02643-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02643-5</a></p> <p>These datasets are available in the section "Supplementary Information" of our paper, but with the absence of the SD-9 due its large big size (~3Gb after decompressed). Here you can find the complete set of datasets in a single ZIP file:</p> <p><strong>41559_2025_2643_MOESM5_ESM_Supplementary_Data.zip</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>LIST OF DATASETS:</strong></p> <p>1) Supplementary Data 1. SNP statistics for populations through genomic regions (TXT). <br>2) Supplementary Data 2. Sequences of new detected nrEVEs (FASTA). <br>3) Supplementary Data 3. Phylogenetic trees for populations and individuals (NEWICK). <br>4) Supplementary Data 4. Information for 8,120 hard selective sweeps detected with RAiSD in out-of-Africa populations (TXT). <br>5) Supplementary Data 5. Information for 1,030 SNP outliers detected with PCAdapt within 2,266 genes (VCF format). <br>6) Supplementary Data 6. Matrix with DoS scores for 11,651 orthologous protein-coding genes in AaegL5 and each Ae. aegypti population (TXT). <br>7) Supplementary Data 7. Matrix with MKT scores for 11,651 orthologous protein-coding genes in AaegL5 and each Ae. aegypti population (TXT). <br>8) Supplementary Data 8. Matrix with DoS scores used to estimate relaxed selection (TXT). <br>9) Supplementary Data 9. Matrix with SNPs and genomic coordinates within adaptive protein-coding genes and ncRNAs that are shared or private for out-of-Africa populations against African populations (TXT). <br>10) Supplementary Data 10. Matrix with 483 nonsynonymous SNPs and their allele frequencies for our 40 populations Florida and Colombia (TXT).<br>11) Supplementary Data 11. Genomic coordinates of SNPs in AaegL5 obtained from the literature and VectorBase (TXT). <br>12) Supplementary Data 12. Source data of metrics used to plot Figure 4b (TXT).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>UPDATES NOTE:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Repository version 3.</strong> Final version of datasets for the accepted manuscript.</li> <li><strong>Repository version 2.</strong> Incomplete datasets: Files as prelimary versions and their content may vary. The SD-10 is not present (matrix with 483 SNPs) was added. The SD-7 is a broken file (cannot be opened).</li> <li><strong>Repository version 1. </strong> Incomplete datasets: Files as prelimary versions and their content may vary. Two final SD files are not present.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>CITATION OF THIS REPOSITORY:</strong></p> <p>Lozada-Chávez, A. N., Lozada-Chávez, I., Alfano, N., Palatini, U., Sogliani, D., Elfekih, S., Degefa, T., Sharakhova, M. V., Badolo, A., Patchara, S., Casas-Martinez, M., Carlos, B. C., Carballar-Lejarazú, R., Lambrechts, L., Souza-Neto, J. A., & Bonizzoni, M. (2024). Adaptive genomic signatures of globally invasive populations of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14948092</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Both consumptive and non-consumptive effects of predators impact mosquito populations and have implications for disease transmission
<p class="Default">Predator-prey interactions influence prey traits through both consumptive and non-consumptive effects, and variation in these traits can shape vector-borne disease dynamics. Meta-analysis methods were employed to generate predation effect sizes by different categories of predators and mosquito prey. This analysis showed that multiple families of aquatic predators are effective in consumptively reducing mosquito survival, and that the survival of <i>Aedes</i>, <i>Anopheles</i>, and <i>Culex</i> mosquitoes is negatively impacted by consumptive effects of predators. Mosquito larval size was found to play a more important role in explaining the heterogeneity of consumptive effects from predators than mosquito genus. Mosquito survival and body size were reduced by non-consumptive effects of predators, but development time was not significantly impacted. In addition, <i>Culex</i> vectors demonstrated predator avoidance behavior during oviposition. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that predators limit disease transmission by reducing both vector survival and vector size, and that associations between drought and human West Nile virus cases could be driven by the vector behavior of predator avoidance during oviposition. These findings are likely to be useful to infectious disease modelers who rely on vector traits as predictors of transmission.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.