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FIGURE 10 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 10. Caudal gills of Indocnemis orang larva. (A), median gill; (B), lateral gill; (C), enlarge of serrated teeth on dorsal of median gill; (D), enlarge of serrated teeth on ventral of median gill; (E), enlarge of serrated teeth on ventral of lateral gill; (D), enlarge of serrated teeth on dorsal of lateral gill. All scale bars represent 1 mm.

FIGURE 9. S9–10 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 9. S9–10 of Indocnemis orang larva, removed of caudal gills. (A–C), male; (D–F), female; (A, D), Posterior view; (B–E), dorsoposterior view; (C–F), lateral view. All scale bars represent 1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 4. Head of Indocnemis orang. (A), dorsal view; (B), frontal view; (C), ventral view; (D), lateral view. Scale bars represent 1 mm. Arrows indicate three ocelli.

FIGURE 2 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 2. Schematic contour of caudal gills of the vertical lamella type: (A), the constricted vertical lamella; (B), the nodate vertical lamella; (C), the subnodate vertical lamella; (D), the denodate vertical lamella. Arrows indicate nodus spine.

FIGURE 6 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 6. Mouthparts of Indocnemis orang larva. (A), left mandible, ventral view; (B), left mandible, ventrointernal view; (C), left mandible, dorsal view; (D), left mandible, ectal view; (E), right mandible, dorsal view; (F), right mandible, internal view; (G), right mandible, ventral view; (H), right mandible, ectal view; dorsal view; (I), maxilla, dorsal view; (J), maxilla, internal view; (K), maxilla, lateral view; (L), maxilla, ventral view. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 8. Gonapophysis of Indocnemis orang larva. (A), male gonapophysis, ventral view; (B), male gonapophysis, lateral view; (C), female gonapophysis, ventral view; (D), female gonapophysis, lateral view. All scale bars represent 1 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 5. Mouthparts of Indocnemis orang larva. (A), labium dorsal view; (B), enlarge of ligula; (C), enlarge of latero-distal end of prementum; (D), labium, lateral view; (E), right labial palp, ventrolateral view; (F), right labial palp, dorsolateral view. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm. Arrows indicate protuberance.

FIGURE 1 in Description of the larva of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) (Odonata Platycnemididae: Calicnemiinae) from Thailand, with larval key to the known genera of the family Platycnemididae in Asia

FIGURE 1. Characteristic of spine, setae, and protuberances on surface of larva. (A), spine; (B), spiniform setae (acute); (C), spiniform setae (blunted); (D), long simple setae; (E), tridentate setae; (F), simple setae (SS); (G), small spiniform setae (SPS); (H), clusters of small simple setae; (I), protuberances.

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Distribution. Two geographically disjunct ranges, including arid parts of extreme SW Angola, W Namibia, and W South Africa S to Western Cape Province, and N Mozambique, E & S Zimbabwe, extreme E Botswana, and N South Africa; an 800km-gap separates the two parts of the species' range between Augrabies Falls on the Orange River in W South Africa and the Magaliesberg of North West and Gauteng provinces in N South Africa. in Molossidae

Distribution. Two geographically disjunct ranges, including arid parts of extreme SW Angola, W Namibia, and W South Africa S to Western Cape Province, and N Mozambique, E & S Zimbabwe, extreme E Botswana, and N South Africa; an 800km-gap separates the two parts of the species' range between Augrabies Falls on the Orange River in W South Africa and the Magaliesberg of North West and Gauteng provinces in N South Africa.

opennotspecifiedJul 2016View details →

On following pages: 4. Roatan Island Agouti (Dasyprocta ruatanica); 5. Black Agouti (Dasyprocta fuliginosa); 6. Common Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina); 7. Guamara Agouti (Dasyprocta guamara); 8. Orange Agouti (Dasyprocta croconota); 9. Black-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha); 10. lack's Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta iacki); 11. Brown Agouti (Dasyprocta variegata); 12. Kalinowski's Agouti (Dasyprocta kalinowskii); 13. Azara's Agouti (Dasyprocta azarae); 14. Red Acouchy (Myoprocta acouchy); 15. Green Acouchy (Myoprocta pratt). in Dasyproctidae

On following pages: 4. Roatan Island Agouti (Dasyprocta ruatanica); 5. Black Agouti (Dasyprocta fuliginosa); 6. Common Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina); 7. Guamara Agouti (Dasyprocta guamara); 8. Orange Agouti (Dasyprocta croconota); 9. Black-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha); 10. lack's Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta iacki); 11. Brown Agouti (Dasyprocta variegata); 12. Kalinowski's Agouti (Dasyprocta kalinowskii); 13. Azara's Agouti (Dasyprocta azarae); 14. Red Acouchy (Myoprocta acouchy); 15. Green Acouchy (Myoprocta pratt).

Distribution. Obi, Bisa, and Obilatu (= Obi-Latoe) Is in the NC Moluccas, Indonesia. Descriptiveor notes. Head-body 36-39 cm, tail 30-33.5 cm; weight 1.1-1.4 kg. The Obi Cuscus is a relatively small cuscus (condylobasal length 65-69 mm). Skull of the Obi Cuscus is similar to that of the Moluccan Cuscus (P. ornatus) and the Gebe Cuscus (P. alexandrae), and it bears a prominent diastema between incisor and canine but is smaller than those species and has smaller teeth. The Obi Cuscus has two color morphs: orange-brown or gray dorsal fur with dark underfur. Ventral fur is white to yellow. Dark dorsal stripe extends from head to mid-back or rump. in Phalangeridae

Distribution. Obi, Bisa, and Obilatu (= Obi-Latoe) Is in the NC Moluccas, Indonesia. Descriptiveor notes. Head-body 36-39 cm, tail 30-33.5 cm; weight 1.1-1.4 kg. The Obi Cuscus is a relatively small cuscus (condylobasal length 65-69 mm). Skull of the Obi Cuscus is similar to that of the Moluccan Cuscus (P. ornatus) and the Gebe Cuscus (P. alexandrae), and it bears a prominent diastema between incisor and canine but is smaller than those species and has smaller teeth. The Obi Cuscus has two color morphs: orange-brown or gray dorsal fur with dark underfur. Ventral fur is white to yellow. Dark dorsal stripe extends from head to mid-back or rump.

opennotspecifiedMar 2013View details →

Distribution. SE DR Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, and Zimbabwe to N Namibia, N & E Botswana and W Mozambique, as far S as the Orange and Limpopo rivers in NE South Africa; it may occur in NW (Lake Victoria) & W Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi. in Galagidae

Distribution. SE DR Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, and Zimbabwe to N Namibia, N & E Botswana and W Mozambique, as far S as the Orange and Limpopo rivers in NE South Africa; it may occur in NW (Lake Victoria) & W Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi.

Subspecies and Distribution. P.v. volans Kerr, 1792 — E Australia, from Bundaberg on the SE Queensland coast and the C New South Wales coast S to Orange and Port Macquarie/Bulga Plateau. P v. incanus Thomas, 1923 — SE Australia, including parts of New South Wales (N to upper Hunter Valley) and Victoria. Distributions of volans and incanus appear to overlap or at least interdigitate, but the nature of the contact zone is unknown. in Pseudocheiridae

Subspecies and Distribution. P.v. volans Kerr, 1792 — E Australia, from Bundaberg on the SE Queensland coast and the C New South Wales coast S to Orange and Port Macquarie/Bulga Plateau. P v. incanus Thomas, 1923 — SE Australia, including parts of New South Wales (N to upper Hunter Valley) and Victoria. Distributions of volans and incanus appear to overlap or at least interdigitate, but the nature of the contact zone is unknown.

On following pages: 28. Reig''s Opossum (Monodelphis reigi); 29. Handley's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis handleyi); 30. Osgood's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis osgoodi); 31. Peruvian Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis peruviana); 32. Pine's Opossum (Monodelphis ronald); 33. Pygmy Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis kunsi); 34. Guyanan Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis brevicaudata); 35. Touan Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis touan); 36. Arlindo's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis arlindoi); 37. Amazonian Red-sided Opossum (Monodelphis glirina); 38. Hooded Red-sided Opossum (Monodelphis palliolata); 39. Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica); 40. Santa Rosa Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis sanctaerosae); 41. Tawny-headed Opossum (Monodelphis scalops); 42. Emilie's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis emiliae); 43. Northern Three-striped Opossum (Monodelphis americana); 44. Gardner's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis gardneri); 45. lhering's Three-striped Opossum (Monodelphis iheringi); 46. Orange-sided Opossum (Monodelphis in Didelphidae

On following pages: 28. Reig''s Opossum (Monodelphis reigi); 29. Handley's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis handleyi); 30. Osgood's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis osgoodi); 31. Peruvian Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis peruviana); 32. Pine's Opossum (Monodelphis ronald); 33. Pygmy Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis kunsi); 34. Guyanan Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis brevicaudata); 35. Touan Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis touan); 36. Arlindo's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis arlindoi); 37. Amazonian Red-sided Opossum (Monodelphis glirina); 38. Hooded Red-sided Opossum (Monodelphis palliolata); 39. Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica); 40. Santa Rosa Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis sanctaerosae); 41. Tawny-headed Opossum (Monodelphis scalops); 42. Emilie's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis emiliae); 43. Northern Three-striped Opossum (Monodelphis americana); 44. Gardner's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis gardneri); 45. lhering's Three-striped Opossum (Monodelphis iheringi); 46. Orange-sided Opossum (Monodelphis

On following pages: 28. Reig''s Opossum (Monodelphis reigi); 29. Handley's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis handleyi); 30. Osgood's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis osgoodi); 31. Peruvian Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis peruviana); 32. Pine's Opossum (Monodelphis ronald); 33. Pygmy Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis kunsi); 34. Guyanan Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis brevicaudata); 35. Touan Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis touan); 36. Arlindo's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis arlindoi); 37. Amazonian Red-sided Opossum (Monodelphis glirina); 38. Hooded Red-sided Opossum (Monodelphis palliolata); 39. Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica); 40. Santa Rosa Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis sanctaerosae); 41. Tawny-headed Opossum (Monodelphis scalops); 42. Emilie's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis emiliae); 43. Northern Three-striped Opossum (Monodelphis americana); 44. Gardner's Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis gardneri); 45. lhering's Three-striped Opossum (Monodelphis iheringi); 46. Orange-sided Opossum (Monodelphis dimidiata); 47. Single-striped Opossum (Monodelphis unistriata). in Didelphidae

opennotspecifiedJul 2016View details →

On following pages: 27. Cambodian Striped Squirrel (Tamiops rodolphii); 28. Perny's Long-nosed Squirrel (remomys pyrrhomerus); 31. Asian Red-cheeked Squirrel (Dremomys rufigenis); 32. Red-throated Squirrel (Dremomys gularis Philippine Tree Squirrel (Sundasciurus philippinensis); 36. Samar Squirrel (Sundasciurus samarensis); 37. Culion Tree Palawan Montane Squirrel (Sundasciurus rabori); 40. Southern Palawan Tree Squirrel (Sundasciurus steerii); 41. Horse-tailed pernyi); 29. Orange-bellied Himalayan Squirrel (Dremomys lokriah); 30. Red-hipped Squirrel (Dremomys); 33. Black-eared Squirrel (Nannosciurus melanotis); 34. Busuanga Squirrel (Sundasciurus hoogstraali); 35. Squirrel (Sundasciurus moellendorffi); 38. Northern Palawan Tree Squirrel (Sundasciurus juvencus); 39. Squirrel (Sundasciurus hippurus). in Sciuridae

On following pages: 27. Cambodian Striped Squirrel (Tamiops rodolphii); 28. Perny's Long-nosed Squirrel (remomys pyrrhomerus); 31. Asian Red-cheeked Squirrel (Dremomys rufigenis); 32. Red-throated Squirrel (Dremomys gularis Philippine Tree Squirrel (Sundasciurus philippinensis); 36. Samar Squirrel (Sundasciurus samarensis); 37. Culion Tree Palawan Montane Squirrel (Sundasciurus rabori); 40. Southern Palawan Tree Squirrel (Sundasciurus steerii); 41. Horse-tailed pernyi); 29. Orange-bellied Himalayan Squirrel (Dremomys lokriah); 30. Red-hipped Squirrel (Dremomys); 33. Black-eared Squirrel (Nannosciurus melanotis); 34. Busuanga Squirrel (Sundasciurus hoogstraali); 35. Squirrel (Sundasciurus moellendorffi); 38. Northern Palawan Tree Squirrel (Sundasciurus juvencus); 39. Squirrel (Sundasciurus hippurus).

Distribution. Restricted to a narrow coastal strip of W & S South Africa from mouth of the Orange River in NW Northern Cape to Port Elizabeth in S Eastern Cape province. in Muridae

Distribution. Restricted to a narrow coastal strip of W & S South Africa from mouth of the Orange River in NW Northern Cape to Port Elizabeth in S Eastern Cape province.

Distribution. Known only from Mt Kenya, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100130 mm, tail 142-177 mm, ear 15-21 mm, hindfoot 22-28 mm; weight 30-59 g. The Mount Kenya Thicket Rat's fur is olive gray above, becoming brighter orange brown on rump, with sharply demarcated white belly tinted with pink. Tail is very long (152% of head-body length), semi-prehensile, and tufted. Feet are buff, with four digits on forefoot and five on relatively short hindfoot, fifth digit longer and semi-opposable. Habitat. Little is known, but presumably similar to that of the East African Thicket Rat (G. beanus). in Muridae

Distribution. Known only from Mt Kenya, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100130 mm, tail 142-177 mm, ear 15-21 mm, hindfoot 22-28 mm; weight 30-59 g. The Mount Kenya Thicket Rat's fur is olive gray above, becoming brighter orange brown on rump, with sharply demarcated white belly tinted with pink. Tail is very long (152% of head-body length), semi-prehensile, and tufted. Feet are buff, with four digits on forefoot and five on relatively short hindfoot, fifth digit longer and semi-opposable. Habitat. Little is known, but presumably similar to that of the East African Thicket Rat (G. beanus).

Although previously treated as a subspecies of G. dolichurus, G.dryas was later recognized as a good species. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to elevations above 1000 m within the Albertine Rift Mts. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100-130 mm, tail 142-177 mm, car 15-21 mm, hindfoot 22-28 mm; weight 30-59 g. Fur of the Albertine Rift Thicket Rat is tawny brown above, becoming brighter orange brown on rump, with sharply demarcated pure white belly bordered by thin orange line. Tail is very long (160% of head-body length), semi-prehensile, tufted, and dark brown. Feet are pale buff, with four digits on forefoot and five on relatively short hindfoot, fifth digit longer and semi-opposable. Females have 0+2 = 2 pairs of nipples. in Muridae

Although previously treated as a subspecies of G. dolichurus, G.dryas was later recognized as a good species. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to elevations above 1000 m within the Albertine Rift Mts. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100-130 mm, tail 142-177 mm, car 15-21 mm, hindfoot 22-28 mm; weight 30-59 g. Fur of the Albertine Rift Thicket Rat is tawny brown above, becoming brighter orange brown on rump, with sharply demarcated pure white belly bordered by thin orange line. Tail is very long (160% of head-body length), semi-prehensile, tufted, and dark brown. Feet are pale buff, with four digits on forefoot and five on relatively short hindfoot, fifth digit longer and semi-opposable. Females have 0+2 = 2 pairs of nipples.

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).