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260 results for “parthenogenetic”
FIGURE 5. Ceriodaphnia dubia s.l., adult parthenogenetic female from a in A new species of the genus Ceriodaphnia Dana, 1853 (Cladocera: Daphnidae) from Eastern Siberia (Russia) that combines morphological features of two species groups
FIGURE 5. Ceriodaphnia dubia s.l., adult parthenogenetic female from a laboratory culture of unknown origin. A, limb I. B, limb II. Adult parthenogenetic female from an oxbow of the Don River near Stogovskoy village, Rostov area, European Russia. C, limb I. D, limb II. E, limb III. F, limb IV. G, limb V. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
Data from: Sex ratio variations among years and breeding systems in a facultatively parthenogenetic termite
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Data from: Occasional males in parthenogenetic populations of Asobara japonica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): low Wolbachia titer or incomplete co-adaptation?
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Data from: Sex-biased dispersal creates spatial genetic structure in a parthenogenetic ant with a dependent-lineage reproductive system
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Data from: Origin and genetic diversity of diploid parthenogenetic Artemia in Eurasia
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Data from: Non-nest mate discrimination and clonal colony structure in the parthenogenetic ant Cerapachys biroi
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Data from: Population genetics of Wolbachia-infected, parthenogenetic and uninfected, sexual populations of Tetrastichus coeruleus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae).
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Sampling data, colony runfiles, VCFs, and Rscripts for: genomic determination of reproductive mode in facultatively parthenogenetic Opiliones
<p>Sexual reproduction may pose myriad short-term costs to females. Despite these costs, sexual reproduction is near ubiquitous. Facultative parthenogenesis is theorized to mitigate some of the costs of sex, as individuals can participate in occasional sex to limit costs while obtaining many benefits. However, most theoretical models assume sexual reproduction is fixed following mating, with no possibility of clutches of mixed reproductive ontogeny. Therefore, we asked: if coercive males are present at high frequency in a population of facultative parthenogens, will their clutches be solely sexually produced, or will there be evidence of sexually and asexually-produced offspring? How will their offspring production compare to conspecifics in low frequency male populations? We addressed our questions by collecting females and egg clutches of the facultatively parthenogenetic Opiliones species <i>Leiobunum manubriatum </i>and <i>L. globosum</i>. In <i>L. manubriatum</i>, females from populations with few males were not significantly more fecund than females from populations with higher male relative frequency, despite the potential release of the former from sexual conflict. We used three genotyping methods along with a custom set of DNA capture probes to reveal that offspring of <i>L. manubriatum </i>from these high male populations were primarily produced via asexual reproduction. This is surprising because sex ratios in these southern populations approach equality, increasing the probability for females to encounter mates and produce offspring sexually. We additionally found evidence for reproductive polymorphisms within populations. Rapid and accurate SNP genotyping data will continue to allow us to address broader evolutionary questions regarding the role of facultative reproductive modes in the maintenance of sex.</p>
Data from: Gene copy number variations as signatures of adaptive evolution in the parthenogenetic, plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita
Adaptation to changing environmental conditions represents a challenge to parthenogenetic organisms and until now, how phenotypic variants are generated in clones in response to the selection pressure of their environment remains poorly known. The obligatory parthenogenetic root-knot nematode species Meloidogyne incognita has a worldwide distribution and is the most devastating plant-parasitic nematode. Despite its asexual reproduction, this species exhibits an unexpected capacity of adaptation to environmental constraints, e.g., resistant hosts. Here we used a genome-wide comparative hybridization strategy to evaluate variations in gene copy numbers between genotypes of M. incognita resulting from two parallel experimental evolution assays on a susceptible vs. resistant host plant. We detected gene copy number variations (CNVs) associated with the ability of the nematodes to overcome resistance of the host plant, and this genetic variation may reflect an adaptive response to host resistance in this parthenogenetic species. The CNV distribution throughout the nematode genome is not random and suggests the occurrence of genomic regions more prone to undergo duplications and losses in response to the selection pressure of the host resistance. Furthermore, our analysis revealed an outstanding level of gene loss events in nematode genotypes that have overcome the resistance. Overall, our results support the view that gene loss could be a common class of adaptive genetic mechanism in response to a challenging new biotic environment in clonal animals.
Data from: Incongruence between morphological and mitochondrial-DNA characters suggests hybrid origins of parthenogenetic weevil lineages (genus Aramigus)
An expanded matrix of morphological characters for the genus Aramigus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which includes numerous polyploid parthenogenetic lineages, was compared and combined with a published matrix of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) characters. The matrix of morphological characters provides little resolution of the A. tessellatus and A. uruguayensis species complexes but does resolve previously unresolved relationships among other morphologically defined species (A. globoculus + A. intermedius, A. curtulus + A. planioculus). The morphological and mtDNA characters are significantly incongruent (0.435 ≤ IM ≤ 0.463; IMF = 0.0735), according to the tests of Farris et al. (P = 0.010) and Templeton (P < 0.005), probably because of hybrid origins of polyploid parthenogenetic lineages. For the few sexual lineages included in both matrices, morphology and mtDNA provide congruent estimates of phylogeny. In spite of recent injunctions against combining data sets that are incongruent because of differing histories, the results of the combined analyses were used to select one of the most-parsimonious mtDNA trees as the best estimate of maternal-lineage genealogy and to reconstruct the evolution of parthenogenesis under the assumption that transitions from sexuality to parthenogenesis are irreversible. Where cytogenetically justified, as in weevils, the irreversibility assumption is useful for producing conservative estimates of the age of parthenogenetic lineages in spite of potential sampling bias against sexuals.
FIGURE 21 in First report of a parthenogenetic Grylloidea and new genus of Neoaclini (Insecta: Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae: Phalangopsinae)
FIGURE 21. Occurrence map of Ubiquepuella telytokous Fernandes n. sp.
FIGURE 1 in Reisseronia annae sp. nov. — a new parthenogenetic bagworm moth from Poland (Lepidoptera, Psychidae)
FIGURE 1. Reisseronia annae sp. nov. ♀: Holotype. Lateral view (photo A. Larysz).
Fig. 7 in BelladessusMiller and Short (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Bidessini), New Genus for Two New Species from Northern South America: Parthenogenetic Diving Beetles?
Fig. 7. Distribution of Belladessus species.
RAW DATA parthenogenetic lizard Darevskia armeniaca premeiotic genome duplication
<p>parthenogenetic lizard Darevskia armeniaca premeiotic genome duplication raw data images</p>
Fig. 1 in The Role Of Different Mollusk Species In Maintaining The Transmission Of Polyhostal Trematode Species In Ukrainian Polissya Waters: The Specificity Of Trematode Parthenogenetic Generations To Mollusk Hosts
Fig. 1. The distribution of polyxenic trematode species in the parthenitae host species of mollusks: A — O. ranae; B — P. elegans.
PLATE 1. FIGURES a–b in External egg morphology of two parthenogenetic species of the genus Dahlica Enderlein (Lepidoptera: Psychidae)
PLATE 1. FIGURES a–b. Cases: a, Dahlica triquetrella; b, D. lichenella.
Figure 5 in Ecological surveys on the parthenogenetic Artemia populations in the hypersaline lakes of Anatolia, Turkey
Figure 5. Seasonal fluctuations in densities (ind. m–3) of Artemia and percentage of individuals subdivided in different age classes from Tersakan Lake.
Fig. 24 in Natural Hybridization Between the Teiid Lizards Cnemidophorus tesselatus (Parthenogenetic) and C. tigris marmoratus (Bisexual): Assessment of Evolutionary Alternatives
Fig. 24. Multivariate association of nine putative male C. tesselatus X C. tigris marmoratus hybrids from several disparate localities with hybrids from Arroyo del Macho. Canonical variate scores were derived from a quadratic canonical variate analysis of three meristic characters (FP, GAB, and SDLT4— those characters with complete data for all nine putative hybrids). Open symbols depict 84 individuals collected in the vicinity of Arroyo del Macho, Chaves Co., New Mexico: O, 38 C. tesselatus; Z, 26 C. tigris marmoratus; #, 20 hybrids; *, 9 suspected hybrids from other localities. Ellipses define the 95% confidence limits of each group. Compare with figure 8.
Figure 1 in EVIDENCE OF PARTHENOGENETIC POPULATIONS FROM THE PARATANYTARSUS LACCOPHILUS SPECIES GROUP (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE) IN THE ALASKAN ARCTIC Abstract Introduction
Figure 1. Map of the field site at Utqiaġvik, Alaska. Individuals of the Paratanytarsus laccophilus species group were taken from the fifteen tundra ponds labeled (red dots). Scale bars = 500 km (inset), and 1 km.
Figure 3. a in EVIDENCE OF PARTHENOGENETIC POPULATIONS FROM THE PARATANYTARSUS LACCOPHILUS SPECIES GROUP (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE) IN THE ALASKAN ARCTIC Abstract Introduction
Figure 3. a) A freshly emerged, virgin individual of the Paratanytarsus laccophilus species group (arrow) clinging to the mesh lid of the new rearing cup to which it was transferred. The isolated female was then monitored daily for signs of oviposition. b) The pupal exuviae (PE) collected from the larval rearing cup, used to confirm species-group identification. Note the diagnostic patterning on abdominal tergites III and IV (Wiederholm 1986). Scale bar in (b) = 0.5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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