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429 results for “physiological data”
Data of "Grazing intensity and horn status influence activity on pasture, physiological pre-slaughter reactions and meat quality in beef heifers"
<p>Raw data of the article of "Grazing intensity and horn status influence activity on pasture, physiological pre-slaughter reactions and meat quality in beef heifers". Dataset of 64 crossbred beef heifers. Both experimental independent variables (animal id, horn status, grazing intensity, replicate) and dependent variables (related to physical activity on pasture, behaviour tests, stress physiology and meat quality) are presented.</p>
Data from: Energy and physiological tolerance explain multi-trophic soil diversity in temperate mountains
<p><span><strong>Aim </strong>–</span><span> Although soil biodiversity is extremely rich and spatially variable, both in terms of species and trophic groups, we still know little about its main drivers. Here, we contrast four long-standing hypotheses to explain the spatial variation of soil multi-trophic diversity: energy, physiological tolerance, habitat heterogeneity, and resource heterogeneity.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Location </strong>–</span><span> French Alps</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods </strong>–</span><span> We built on a large-scale observatory across the French Alps (Orchamp) made of seventeen elevational gradients (~90 plots) ranging from low to very high altitude (280 - 3160 m),</span> <span>and encompassing large variations in </span><span>climate, vegetation and pedological conditions. Biodiversity measurements of 36 soil trophic groups were obtained through environmental DNA metabarcoding. Using a machine learning approach, we assessed 1) the relative importance of predictors linked to different ecological hypotheses in explaining overall multi-trophic soil biodiversity, and 2) the consistency of the response curves across trophic groups. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results </strong>–</span><span> We showed that predictors associated with the four hypotheses had a statistically significant influence on soil multi-trophic diversity, with the strongest support for the energy and physiological tolerance hypotheses. Physiological tolerance explained spatial variation in soil diversity consistently across trophic groups, and was an especially strong predictor for bacteria, protists and microfauna. The effect of energy was more group-specific, with energy input through soil organic matter strongly affecting groups related to the detritus channel. Habitat and resource heterogeneity had overall weaker and more specific impacts on biodiversity with habitat heterogeneity affecting mostly autotrophs, and resource heterogeneity affecting bacterivores, phytophagous insects, enchytraeids and saprotrophic fungi.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Main Conclusions</strong> –</span><span> Despite the variability of responses to the environmental drivers found across soil trophic groups, major commonalities on the ecological processes structuring soil biodiversity emerged. We conclude that among the major ecological hypotheses traditionally applied to aboveground organisms, some are particularly relevant to predict the spatial variation in soil biodiversity across the major soil trophic groups.</span></p>
Data from: Ageing gracefully: physiology but not behaviour changes with age in a diving seabird
A higher proportion of long-lived animals die from senescence than short-lived animals, yet many long-lived homeotherms show few signs of physiological aging in the wild. This may, however, differ in long-lived diving homeotherms that frequently encounter hypoxic conditions and have very high metabolic rates. To examine aging within a long-lived diving homeotherm, we studied resting metabolism and thyroid hormones (N = 43), blood oxygen stores (N = 93), and foraging behaviour (N = 230) of thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia). Because murres dive exceptionally deep for their size and have a very high metabolism, we expected that aging murres would show signs of physiological senescence. We paid particular attention to resting metabolism as we argue that these maintenance costs reflect those experienced during deep dives. Blood oxygen stores (hematocrit), resting metabolic rate and thyroid hormone levels all declined significantly with age in incubating murres 3-30 years of age. In birds measured longitudinally three years apart, thyroid hormone levels and hematocrit were both significantly lower, suggesting progressive changes within individuals rather than selective disappearance of individuals with high metabolic rates. Within our longitudinal dataset, we found no effect of age on dive depth, dive shape, or behavioural aerobic dive limit. A meta-analysis of changes in resting metabolism with age across 15 animal species demonstrated that such declines are pervasive across most of the kingdom. The rate of decline was highest in species with high energy expenditure supporting a linkage between metabolism and senescence. Physiological changes occurred in tandem with advancing age in murres, but offset each other such that there was no detectable decline in behavioural performance.
Raw data and correlation analysis of physiological data sampled from Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) for the development of a PBPK model
<p>Raw data sampled from Atlantic halibut <em>(Hippoglossus hippoglossus)</em> for the characterization of physiological parameters for the development of a species-specific physiology-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. Additionally, the document containes imputed data for a PCA analysis and correlation coefficients and the related p-values from a correlation analysis. </p>
Isotopic and physiologic data for coccolithophores cultured in various CO2 and pH conditions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Raman data for "Flow-driven micro-scale pH variability affects the physiology of corals and coralline algae under ocean acidification"
<p>This file contains the Raman data and code for "Flow-driven micro-scale pH variability affects the physiology of corals and coralline algae under ocean acidification" by Comeau et al. in Scientific Reports. Run the file, "run.R" in R to reproduce the analysis.</p> <p>Please see the published paper for methods and details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49044-w</p>
Raman data for "Resistance of corals and coralline algae to ocean acidification: physiological control of calcification under natural pH variability"
<p>This file contains the Raman data and code for "Resistance of corals and coralline algae to ocean acidification: physiological control of calcification under natural pH variability" by Cornwall et al. in Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Run the file, "run.R" in R to reproduce the analysis.</p> <p>Please see the published paper for methods and details: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1168">https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1168</a></p>
Data from: The many dimensions of diet breadth: phytochemical, genetic, behavioral, and physiological perspectives on the interaction between a native herbivore and an exotic host
From the perspective of an herbivorous insect, conspecific host plants are not identical, and intraspecific variation in host nutritional quality or defensive capacity might mediate spatially variable outcomes in plant-insect interactions. Here we explore this possibility in the context of an ongoing host breadth expansion of a native butterfly (the Melissa blue, Lycaeides melissa) onto an exotic host plant (alfalfa, Medicago sativa). We examine variation among seven alfalfa populations that differed in terms of colonization by L. melissa; specifically, we examined variation in phytochemistry, foliar protein, and plant population genetic structure, as well as responses of caterpillars and adult butterflies to foliage from the same populations. Regional patterns of alfalfa colonization by L. melissa were well predicted by phytochemical variation, and colonized patches of alfalfa showed a similar level of inter-individual phytochemical diversity. However, phytochemical variation was a poor predictor of larval performance, despite the fact that survival and weight gain differed dramatically among caterpillars reared on plants from different alfalfa populations. Moreover, we observed a mismatch between alfalfa supporting the best larval performance and alfalfa favored by ovipositing females. Thus, the axes of plant variation that mediate interactions with L. melissa depend upon herbivore life history stage, which raises important issues for our understanding of adaptation to novel resources by an organism with a complex life history.
Data from: Covariation between the physiological and behavioral components of pathogen transmission: host heterogeneity determines epidemic outcomes
Although heterogeneity in contact rate, physiology, and behavioral response to infection have all been empirically demonstrated in host–pathogen systems, little is known about how interactions between individual variation in behavior and physiology scale-up to affect pathogen transmission at a population level. The objective of this study is to evaluate how covariation between the behavioral and physiological components of transmission might affect epidemic outcomes in host populations. We tested the consequences of contact rate covarying with susceptibility, infectiousness, and infection status using an individual-based, dynamic network model where individuals initiate and terminate contacts with conspecifics based on their behavioral predispositions and their infection status. Our results suggest that both heterogeneity in physiology and subsequent covariation of physiology with contact rate could powerfully influence epidemic dynamics. Overall, we found that 1) individual variability in susceptibility and infectiousness can reduce the expected maximum prevalence and increase epidemic variability; 2) when contact rate and susceptibility or infectiousness negatively covary, it takes substantially longer for epidemics to spread throughout the population, and rates of epidemic spread remained suppressed even for highly transmissible pathogens; and 3) reductions in contact rate resulting from infection-induced behavioral changes can prevent the pathogen from reaching most of the population. These effects were strongest for theoretical pathogens with lower transmissibility and for populations where the observed variation in contact rate was higher, suggesting that such heterogeneity may be most important for less infectious, more chronic diseases in wildlife. Understanding when and how variability in pathogen transmission should be modelled is a crucial next step for disease ecology.
Data from: Grow with the flow: a latitudinal cline in physiology is associated with more variable precipitation in Erythranthe cardinalis
Local adaptation is commonly observed in nature: organisms perform well in their natal environment, but poorly outside it. Correlations between traits and latitude, or latitudinal clines, are among the most common pieces of evidence for local adaptation, but identifying the traits under selection and the selective agents is challenging. Here, we investigated a latitudinal cline in growth and photosynthesis across 16 populations of the perennial herb Erythranthe cardinalis (Phrymaceae). Using machine learning methods, we identify interannual variation in precipitation as a likely selective agent: southern populations from more variable environments had higher photosynthetic rates and grew faster. We hypothesize that selection may favour a more annualized life history – grow now rather than save for next year – in environments where severe droughts occur more often. Thus, our study provides insight into how species may adapt if Mediterranean climates become more variable due to climate change.
Data from: Evolution of codfishes (Teleostei: Gadinae) in geographical and ecological space: evidence that physiological limits drove diversification of subarctic fishes
Aim: To develop a holistic biogeographical history of codfishes in the subfamily Gadinae based on historical relationships, ecological niche, and evolution of physiological tolerances. Two alternative diversification scenarios were tested in two co-distributed, Northern Hemisphere clades: (1) clade ancestors were temperate, and environmental niche has been conserved over evolutionary time, implying that speciation was driven by vicariance associated with ice sheet formation; and (2) clade ancestors were Arctic, and species convergently adapted to temperate environmental conditions, implying that speciation was driven by repeated adaption to temperate environments. Location: Northern Hemisphere Arctic and subarctic oceans. Methods: Fifty-five new sequences of four genes from 23 tissue samples were combined with 10 GenBank sequences to generate a time-calibrated phylogenetic hypothesis. Combining the phylogeny with information on species' ecological niche tolerances inferred from correlational models, I reconstructed ancestral environmental tolerances of each of the focal clades. These results were combined with Bayesian area-based biogeographical analysis and regional palaeoclimatic history to develop a holistic biogeographical history of Gadinae. Results: Of 18 environmental variables describing species' tolerances to salinity, temperature, sea ice concentration, and mixed layer depth, only mean, maximum and minimum sea bottom temperature, and mean and minimum sea surface temperature showed phylogenetic signal across Gadinae. Both ecological niche and geographical distributions of gadine fishes are largely conservative, but two clades contain both Pacific and Atlantic species. Focal clade divergence time estimates suggest a Pliocene origin for both, with further Pleistocene divergence. Main conclusions: Reconstructed ancestral environmental tolerances of crown cods and tomcods support a temperate origin of both groups. The timing of diversification of these two clades and the intolerance of temperate species to sea ice suggest that cyclical Arctic ice formation drove divergence. Future sea ice reduction may have dramatic consequences for distributions and persistence of commercially important species when currently allopatric temperate species come into secondary contact.
FIGURE 6 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data
FIGURE 6. Results of a discriminant analysis on morphometric measurements of male individuals of Anotosaura collaris (blue circles), A. vanzolinia (green circles), Colobosauroides cearensis (orange diamonds) and Dryadosaura nordestina (red squares). Group centroids are represented by a black dot. In parenthesis is the amount of original variation explained by each axis.
FIGURE 3 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data
FIGURE 3. Individuals of (A) Anotosaura collaris adult, and (B) juvenile, and its congener Anotosaura vanzolinia (C), in life.
FIGURE 4 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data
FIGURE 4. Sulcate, lateral and asulcate faces of the left hemipenis of (A) Anotosaura collaris (MZUSP 103845) and (B) A. vanzolinia (MZUSP 95328). Scale bars = 1mm.
FIGURE 1 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data
FIGURE 1. Lateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views of the head, and (D) of the entire body, in ventral (above) and dorsal (below) views of the holotype of Anotosaura collaris (MZUSP 788). Scale bar = 1mm.
FIGURE 8. Phylogenetic relationships recovered through a in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data
FIGURE 8. Phylogenetic relationships recovered through a Bayesian (BA) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis of Anotosaura collaris based on mitochondrial (12S, 16S and ND4) and nuclear genes (C-mos and 18S). The value for posterior probabilities (BA), and bootstrap (ML) are show on branches, respectively.
FIGURE 10 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data
FIGURE 10. Comparison of environmental temperatures at microhabitats used by Anotosaura collaris with its critical thermal limits. CTmax (red) and CTmin (blue) are species means. Dots around the boxplots represent outliers. Whiskers end at the 5th (below) and and the 95th (above) percentiles. Horizontal lines within the box plot represent the 25th, 50th and 75 quartiles. Temperatures measured in December 2012.
FIGURE 2 in Rediscovery of the Earless Microteiid Lizard Anotosaura collaris Amaral, 1933 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae): A redescription complemented by osteological, hemipenial, molecular, karyological, physiological and ecological data
FIGURE 2. Lateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views of the head, ventral views of right hand (D) and foot (E), and the cloacal region (F) of Anotosaura collaris (MZUSP 103832). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Data from: Water deprivation compromises maternal physiology and reproductive success in a cold and wet adapted snake Vipera berus
<p>Dataset from : <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coab071">https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coab071</a></p> <p>Dezetter, M., Le Galliard, J. F., Guiller, G., Guillon, M., Leroux-Coyau, M., Meylan, S., ... & Lourdais, O. (2021). Water deprivation compromises maternal physiology and reproductive success in a cold and wet adapted snake Vipera berus. <em>Conservation Physiology</em>, <em>9</em>(1), coab071.</p>
Data from: Redox mediated carbon monoxide release from a manganese carbonyl—implications for physiological CO delivery by CORMs
<p><span>We evaluated the dynamics of hydrogen peroxide reactions with metal carbonyls. specifically a water-soluble manganese carbonyl. These files are the raw data for the quantitative mechanistic investigation of the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> oxidation of the water-soluble model complex <i>fac</i>-[Mn(CO)<sub>3</sub>(Br)(bpCO<sub>2</sub>)]<sup>2–</sup>, (<b>A</b>, bpCO<sub>2</sub><sup>2–</sup> = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylate dianion). The method of intial rates was utilized in the experimental studies thus raw spectral data for the figures and results presented in RSOS-211022 were included. These data demonstrated pH-dependent kinetics. All the raw absorbance data used to determine the initial reaction rates and observed rate constant from pH 6.1-7.4, 8-32 mM [H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>]. and 19.5- 42<sup>o</sup>C are present. For soluble homogenous experiments, UV-Vis, Fluorescence assay, and FT-IR spectral data for conditions included in the manuscript. For insoluble products of the experiments, X-ray diffraction and ICP-AES raw data are included.</span></p> <p>There are several untested hypotheses about the mechanisms of the reaction of manganese carbonyl with reactive oxygen species. We found that intracellular pH greatly influences the reaction rate and may be a control for redox-mediated CO release from mangense CORMs. Since the lysosome is more acidic and mitochondrial matrix is more basic than the cytosol it is likely different local rates of CO release would be observed. Furthermore, in considering the localization and diffusion of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in biological systems, it is likely that a relatively slow reaction with manganese carbonyls (compared to catalase) can exhibit physiological effects. The cytotoxic effects of Mn(I) carbonyls have been associated with the generation of hydroxyl radicals, however we founs no appreciable quantities of hydroxyl radicals compared to known catalysts. Thus we conclude that these cytotoxic effects are more likely due to released CO interacting with heme-proteins vital to cellular respiration. Our mechanistic and kinetic findings provide literature precedence for researchers examining physiological effects of Mn(I) carbonyls.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.