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690 results for “shedding”
A new two-fingered dinosaur sheds light on the radiation of Oviraptorosauria
Late Cretaceous trends in Asian dinosaur diversity are poorly understood, but recent discoveries have documented a radiation of oviraptorosaur theropods in China and Mongolia. However, little work has addressed the factors that facilitated this diversification. A new oviraptorid from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia sheds light on the evolution of the forelimb, which appears to have played a role in the radiation of oviraptorosaurs. Surprisingly, the reduced arm has only two functional digits, highlighting a previously unrecognized occurrence of digit loss in theropods. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the onset of this reduction coincides with the radiation of heyuannine oviraptorids, following dispersal from southern China into the Gobi region. This suggests expansion into a new niche in the Gobi region, which relied less on the elongate, grasping forelimbs inherited by oviraptorosaurs. Variation in forelimb length and manus morphology provides another example of niche partitioning in oviraptorosaurs, which may have made possible their incredible diversity in the latest Cretaceous of Asia.
Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks
<p>We identified seasonal human coronaviruses, influenza viruses and rhinoviruses in the exhaled breath and coughs of children and adults with acute respiratory illness. Surgical face masks significantly reduced detection of influenza virus RNA in respiratory droplets and coronavirus RNA in aerosols, with a marginally significant reduction in coronavirus RNA in respiratory droplets. Our results indicate that surgical facemasks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.</p>
Data from: Detecting signals of chronic shedding to explain pathogen persistence: Leptospira interrogans in California sea lions
Identifying mechanisms driving pathogen persistence is a vital component of wildlife disease ecology and control. Asymptomatic, chronically infected individuals are an oft-cited potential reservoir of infection but demonstrations of the importance of chronic shedding to pathogen persistence at the population level remain scarce. Studying chronic shedding using commonly collected disease data is hampered by numerous challenges, including short-term surveillance that focuses on single epidemics and acutely ill individuals, the subtle dynamical influence of chronic shedding relative to more obvious epidemic drivers, and poor ability to differentiate between the effects of population prevalence of chronic shedding versus intensity and duration of chronic shedding in individuals. We use chronic shedding of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) as a case study to illustrate how these challenges can be addressed. Using leptospirosis-induced strands as a measure of disease incidence, we fit models with and without chronic shedding, and with different seasonal drivers, to determine the timescale over which chronic shedding is detectable and the interactions between chronic shedding and seasonal drivers needed to explain persistence and outbreak patterns. Chronic shedding can enable persistence of L. interrogans within the sea lion population. However, the importance of chronic shedding was only apparent when surveillance data included at least two outbreaks and the intervening inter-epidemic trough during which fadeout of transmission was most likely. Seasonal transmission, as opposed to seasonal recruitment of susceptibles, was the dominant driver of seasonality in this system, and both seasonal factors had limited impact on long-term pathogen persistence. We show that the temporal extent of surveillance data can have a dramatic impact on inferences about population processes, where the failure to identify both short- and long-term ecological drivers can have cascading impacts on understanding higher-order ecological phenomena, such as pathogen persistence.
Stable, Storehouse and Shed in Kurala, Finland
Located in Turku, Kurala, Finland. Built around 1920 - 1930. Photos taken with D5300 + Sigma fisheye + Parrot Anafi. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Dataset for Giardia cyst shedding in Mexico study
<p>This dataset contains data and images related to stool samples collected from natural-infected dogs and <em>Giardia </em>cyst quantification after treatment or not with an experimental antiparasitic compound.</p>
Data From: Shedding light on cobalamin photodegradation in the ocean
<p>Cobalamin, vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, is an important micronutrient that has been investigated for decades in the marine context because it is required for phytoplankton growth. The biologically active forms (Me-B<sub>12</sub>, Ado-B<sub>12</sub>) and the synthetic form (CN-B<sub>12</sub>) quickly convert to OH-B<sub>12</sub> after light exposure in various aqueous solutions, but puzzlingly have been frequently reported to dominate dissolved cobalamin pools in the sunlit ocean. Here we document photodegradation timescales for these cobalamin forms in natural seawater using targeted mass spectrometry, providing quantitative evidence that OH-B<sub>12</sub> is expected to be the dominant dissolved form in irradiated seawater. Then, through high resolution mass spectrometry, we identify four photodegradation products of OH-B<sub>12</sub> which represent potential building blocks microbes could salvage and remodel to satisfy cellular cobalamin requirements. Taken together, these results clarify the impact of light on marine cobalamin dynamics, laying a foundation for a more quantitative understanding of the role of cobalamin in microbial communities and biogeochemical cycles.</p>
Soho Square Gardener's Shed
A mock Tudor hut in Soho Square Gardens, London. Inside is a also a fire escape from the WW2 air raid shelter and old electrical substation under the square. Weather vane on roof not shown. Date: 1926. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soho_Square https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1249910 Photos taken December 2018 with a Sony a6000 and processed in Agisoft Photoscan. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Seine shed, Snappertuna, Raasepori, Finland
Seine shed from the 19th century in the Forngården house museum in Snappertuna, Raasepori, Finland. * [Location in Google Maps](https://goo.gl/maps/SAogD4YjD7Vqevzz7) * [Forngården museum](http://www.ektamuseum.fi/naejakoe/forngarden) (only in finnish) Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Typical swiss vineyard shed or "Capite"
Typical swiss vineyard shed or "Capite" captured using DJI Mavic3 drone and processed in RealityCapture Photogrammetry software This is the simplified version of the model (from 10.7M tri to 3.2M tri) These Capite can be found everywhere in the Swiss vineyards, especially in Lavaux vineyard and are used to store equipment and sometimes as a resting place Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
The three-dimensionally articulated oral apparatus of a Devonian heterostracan sheds light on feeding in Palaeozoic jawless fishes
<p>Attempts to explain the origin and diversification of vertebrates have commonly invoked the evolution of feeding ecology, contrasting the passive suspension feeding of invertebrate chordates and larval lampreys with active predation in living jawed vertebrates. Of the extinct jawless vertebrates that phylogenetically intercalate these living groups, the feeding apparatus is well-preserved only in the early diverging stem-gnathostome heterostracans. However its anatomy remains poorly understood. Here we use X-ray microtomography to characterise the feeding apparatus of the pteraspid heterostracan <em>Rhinopteraspis dunensis </em>(Roemer, 1855). The apparatus is composed of thirteen plates arranged approximately bilaterally, most of which articulate from the postoral plate. Our reconstruction shows that the oral plates were capable of rotating around the transverse axis, but likely with limited movement. It also suggests the nasohypophyseal organs opened internally, into the pharynx. The functional morphology of the apparatus in <em>Rhinopteraspis </em>precludes all proposed interpretations of feeding except for suspension/deposit feeding and we interpret the apparatus as having served primarily to moderate the oral gape. This is consistent with evidence that at least some early jawless gnathostomes were suspension feeders and runs contrary to macroecological scenarios that envisage early vertebrate evolution as characterised by a directional trend towards increasingly active food acquisition.</p>
Advancing source tracking: systematic review and source-specific genome database curation of fecally shed prokaryotes
<p>This repository contains several files describing the data discussed in Lindner et al's "Advancing source tracking: systematic review and source-specific genome database curation of fecally shed prokaryotes". </p> <ol> <li>"database.fna" = concatenation of the (draft or complete) genome sequences described in the paper (n=12,730 source associated prokaryotic genomes) which passed quality checks and are species-level representatives (i.e., dereplicated at 95% ANI).</li> <li>"gdef.txt" = a manifest describing which sequences belong to which genomes.</li> <li>"sources.txt" = a manifest describing which genomes belong to which sources.</li> </ol> <p>The sources this database covers:</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Source Category</td> <td>Species-level <br>genome count</td> <td>Source-specific<br>species-level <br>genome count</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Bird</td> <td>56</td> <td>40</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cat</td> <td>86</td> <td>6</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Chicken</td> <td>1314</td> <td>887</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cow</td> <td>39</td> <td>15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Dog</td> <td>139</td> <td>56</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Pig</td> <td>2764</td> <td>2035</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ruminant</td> <td>740</td> <td>714</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Human</td> <td>4484</td> <td>3350</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Wastewater</td> <td>3108</td> <td>3097</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>See publication for further details. </p>
Shedding light on the devastating floods in June 1897 in Romania: early instrumental observations and synoptic analysis
<p>Daily and monthly precipitation totals at different meteorological stations, in Romania, for the year 1897 used for different figures in Ionita and Nagavciuc, 2024.</p> <p>Ionita, M., and V. Nagavciuc, 2024: Shedding Light on the Devastating Floods in June 1897 in Romania: Early Instrumental Observations and Synoptic Analysis. <em>J. Hydrometeor.</em>, <strong>25</strong>, 1729–1745, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-23-0230.1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-23-0230.1</a></p>
Role of individual and population heterogeneity in shaping dynamics of multi-pathogen shedding in an island endemic bat
<p>Dataset for the manuscript "<strong>Role of individual and population heterogeneity in shaping dynamics of multi-pathogen shedding in an island endemic bat</strong>", including information of the bat samples and infection data.</p>
Dataset related to manuscript: Rapid iPSC inclusionopathy models shed light on formation, consequence and molecular subtype of a-synuclein inclusions
<p>Key Resources Table and tabular data related to Lam, Ndayisaba et al 2024.</p> <p>Code for generating graphs can be found at: doi:10.5281/zenodo.12574231 (version 1), doi:10.5281/zenodo.12574230 (all versions)</p>
Shedding light on the threespine stickleback circadian clock
<p>The circadian clock is an internal timekeeping system shared by most organisms, and knowledge about its functional importance and evolution in natural environments is still needed. Here, we investigated the circadian clock of wild-caught threespine sticklebacks (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>) at the behavioural and molecular levels. While their behaviour, ecology, and evolution are well studied, information on their circadian rhythms are scarce. We quantified the daily locomotor activity rhythm under a light-dark cycle (LD) and under constant darkness (DD). Under LD, all fish exhibited significant daily rhythmicity, while under DD, only 18% of individuals remained rhythmic. This interindividual variation suggests that the circadian clock controls activity only in certain individuals. Moreover, under LD, some fish were almost exclusively nocturnal, while others were active around the clock. Furthermore, the most nocturnal fish were also the least active. These results suggest that light masks activity (i.e. suppresses activity without entraining the internal clock) more strongly in some individuals than others. Finally, we quantified the expression of five clock genes in the brain of sticklebacks under DD using qPCR. We did not detect circadian rhythmicity, which could either indicate that the clock molecular oscillator is highly light-dependent, or that there was an oscillation but that we were unable to detect it. Overall, our study suggests that a strong circadian control on behavioural rhythms may not necessarily be advantageous in a natural population of sticklebacks and that the daily phase of activity varies greatly between individuals because of a differential masking effect of light.</p>
Comparative analysis of phenotypic plasticity sheds light on the evolution and molecular underpinnings of locust phase polyphenism
<p>Locusts exhibit one of nature's most spectacular examples of complex phenotypic plasticity, in which changes in density cause solitary and cryptic individuals to transform into gregarious and conspicuous locusts forming large migrating swarms. We investigated how these coordinated alternative phenotypes might have evolved by studying the Central American locust and three closely related non-swarming grasshoppers in a comparative framework. By experimentally isolating and crowding during nymphal development, we induced density-dependent phenotypic plasticity and quantified the resulting behavioural, morphological, and molecular reaction norms. All four species exhibited clear plasticity, but the individual reaction norms varied among species and showed different magnitudes. Transcriptomic responses were species-specific, but density-responsive genes were functionally similar across species. There were modules of co-expressed genes that were highly correlated with plastic reaction norms, revealing a potential molecular basis of density-dependent phenotypic plasticity. These findings collectively highlight the importance of studying multiple reaction norms from a comparative perspective.</p>
Supplementary material: Multi-wavelength view of the close-by GRB~190829A sheds light on gamma-ray burst physics
<p>This repository contains supplementary data regarding the article "Multi-wavelength view of the close-by GRB~190829A sheds light on gamma-ray burst physics" published by the Astrophysical Journal Letters.</p> <p>In particular, the repository contains:</p> <ul> <li>Markov Chain Monte Carlo samples for both the afterglow modelling and the circular gaussian fits to VLBI data</li> <li>clean radio images, residuals and UV coverage plots for all our VLBI epochs</li> </ul> <p>Data formats should be self-explanatory. Do not hesitate to contact us at omsharan.salafia@gmail.com for any question.</p>
Country Shed
Created in RealityCapture by Capturing Reality from 304 images in 00h:10m:25s. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Train Shed on Dartmoor
An abandoned train shed at the end of the Redlake ('Puffing Billy') tramway below Western Beacon on Dartmoor, England. Trains stored here overnight were used to transport people and supplies to and from the Redlake china clay mine high up on Dartmoor. Location: SX660574 250 photos taken with a gopro in June 2014 and 242 photos taken with a Sony a6000 in August 2018 and processed in Reality Capture in February 2021. The 4 year gap between the two photo sets means there is some misalignment and blurriness. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Dad's Shed Tools
This is compilation of handy work tools for a Shed Tool Asset Pack. They can be used in a game that requires building structures or collecting tools for supplies. 5027 polygons are present within the models combined. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.