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No evidence of predicted phenotypic changes after hurricane disturbance in a shade-specialist Caribbean anole
<p>Extreme climatic events (ECE) such as hurricanes have been hypothesized to be a major driving force of natural selection. Recent studies argue that, following strong hurricane disturbance, <em>Anolis</em> lizards in the Caribbean undergo selection for traits such as longer forelimbs or smaller body sizes that improve their clinging ability to their substrates increasing their chances of surviving hurricane wind gusts. Some authors challenge the generalization of this hypothesis arguing that other mechanisms may explain these phenotypic changes or that they may not necessarily be generalizable due to system-specific idiosyncrasies. To address this issue, we compared body size and relative forelimb length of <em>Anolis gundlachi</em>, a trunk-ground anole living in closed canopy forests in Puerto Rico, before, four months after, and 15 months after Hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. Overall, our results show no clear evidence of a temporal decrease in body size or increase forelimb length (relative to body size) challenging the generalizability of the clinging ability hypothesis. Understanding how animals adapt to ECE is an emerging field. Still, we are quickly learning that this process is complex and nuanced.</p>
Recent population differentiation in the habitat specialist Glossy Antshrike (Aves: Thamnophilidae) across Amazonian seasonally flooded forests: Final SNPs dataset
<p>We assessed population structure and the spatio-temporal pattern of diversification in the Glossy Antshrike <i>Sakesphorus luctuosus</i> (Aves, Thamnophilidae) to understand the processes shaping the evolutionary history of Amazonian floodplains and address unresolved taxonomic controversies surrounding its species limits. By targeting ultraconserved elements (UCEs) from 32 specimens of <i>S. luctuosus</i>, we identified independent lineages and estimated their differentiation, divergence times and migration rates. We also estimated current and past demographic histories for each recovered lineage. We found evidence confirming that <i>S. luctuosus</i> consists of a single species, comprising at least four populations, with some highly admixed individuals and overall similar levels of migration between populations. We confirmed the differentiation of the Araguaia River basin population (<i>S. l.</i> <i>araguayae</i>), and gathered circumstantial evidence indicating that the taxon <i>S. hagmanni</i> may represent a highly introgressed population between 3 distinct phylogroups of <i>S. luctuosus</i>. Divergence time estimates between populations seem to be recent, occurring during the last 183 kya. Signs of population expansions were detected for populations attributed to subspecies <i>S. l. luctuosus</i>, but the <i>S. l. araguayae </i>population had probably maintained its effective size through time. Our results support<b> </b>that <i>S. luctuosus</i> has had a complex population history, resulting from a high dependence on southeastern "clear-water" habitats and their availability through time. Spatial and demographic expansions towards the western "white water" flooded forests might still be ongoing. Our study reinforces the view that isolation due to absence of suitable habitat has been an important driver of population differentiation within Amazonian flooded forests, but also that differences between <i>várzeas</i> ("white water" floodplains, mostly in southwestern Amazonia) and <i>igapós</i> ("clear- water" floodplains, especially located in the east) should be further explored as powerful drivers of micro-evolution.</p>
Forecasting climate change response in an alpine specialist songbird reveals the importance of considering novel climate
<p><span>Species persistence in the face of climate change depends on both ecological and evolutionary factors. Here, we integrate ecological and whole-genome sequencing data to describe how populations of an alpine specialist, the Brown-capped Rosy-Finch (<em>Leucosticte australis</em>) may be impacted by climate change.</span> <span>We sampled 116 Brown-capped Rosy-Finches from 11 sampling locations across the breeding range. Using 429,442 genetic markers from whole-genome sequencing, we described population genetic structure and identified a subset of 436 genomic variants associated with environmental data. We modelled future climate change impacts on habitat suitability using ecological niche models (ENMs) and impacts on putative local adaptation using gradient forest models (a genetic-environment association analysis; GEA). We used the metric of niche margin index (NMI) to determine regions of forecasting uncertainty due to climate shifts to novel conditions. Population genetic structure was characterized by weak genetic differentiation, indicating potential ongoing gene flow among populations. Precipitation as snow had high importance for both habitat suitability and changes in genetic variation across the landscape. Comparing ENM and gradient forest models with future climate predicted suitable habitat contracting at high elevations and population allele frequencies across the breeding range needing to shift to keep pace with climate change. NMI revealed large portions of the breeding range shifting to novel climate conditions. Our study demonstrates that forecasting climate vulnerability from ecological and evolutionary factors reveals insights into population-level vulnerability to climate change that are obfuscated when either approach is considered independently. For the Brown-capped Rosy-Finch, our results suggest that persistence may depend on rapid adaptation to novel climate conditions in a contracted breeding range. Importantly, we demonstrate the need to characterize novel climate conditions that influence uncertainty in forecasting methods.</span></p>
Figure 8 in Breeding behavior, distribution, and conservation of the Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta (Vieillot, 1818) (Aves: Tyrannidae), a South American grassland specialist
Figure 8. Adult Culicivoracaudacuta collecting material for the nest.Photo: RSS.
Figure 17 in Breeding behavior, distribution, and conservation of the Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta (Vieillot, 1818) (Aves: Tyrannidae), a South American grassland specialist
Figure 17. Juvenile Culicivora caudacuta, with adult in the background. Photo: RSS.
Figure 6 in Breeding behavior, distribution, and conservation of the Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta (Vieillot, 1818) (Aves: Tyrannidae), a South American grassland specialist
Figure 6. Nest site of Nest 1, 8 December 2003. Photo: RSS.
Figure 3 in Breeding behavior, distribution, and conservation of the Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta (Vieillot, 1818) (Aves: Tyrannidae), a South American grassland specialist
Figure 3. Specimen (RMNH 88812) of Culicivora caudacuta used in Temminck's description. Photo: RSS.
Figure 14. Adult removing a faecal sac from Nest 2 in Breeding behavior, distribution, and conservation of the Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta (Vieillot, 1818) (Aves: Tyrannidae), a South American grassland specialist
Figure 14. Adult removing a faecal sac from Nest 2 after feeding the nestlings. Photo: RSS.
Figure 12. Two adults feeding a nestling with dragonflies, 8 December 2003 in Breeding behavior, distribution, and conservation of the Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta (Vieillot, 1818) (Aves: Tyrannidae), a South American grassland specialist
Figure 12. Two adults feeding a nestling with dragonflies, 8 December 2003. Photo: RSS.
Figure 15 in Breeding behavior, distribution, and conservation of the Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta (Vieillot, 1818) (Aves: Tyrannidae), a South American grassland specialist
Figure 15. Culicivora caudacuta nestling. Photo: RSS.
Dataset specialist generalist genotype of Two-Spotted Spider Mite across various species of Lonicera and Euonymus europaeus.
<p>A map containing the Excel sheets, tables, figures, SPSS scripts and figures and an explanation of what is to find in all maps in the repository. </p>
Fig. 3 in The oligolecty status of a specialist bee of South American Prosopis (Fabaceae) supported by pollen analysis and floral visitation methods
Fig. 3 An inflorescence of Prosopis alba among a great quantity of well developed leaves, photographed in late November. The light green-yellowish flowers are densely distributed in the spike-like inflorescence. An unripe fruit is shown
Fig. 1 in The oligolecty status of a specialist bee of South American Prosopis (Fabaceae) supported by pollen analysis and floral visitation methods
Fig. 1 South American Chaco region indicating the Chaco province of Argentina and localities where nests and pollen samples were obtained. 1 Villa Río Bermejito (25° 37′ S, 60° 15′ W); 2 Juan José Castelli (25° 56′ S, 60° 37′ W)
Why do open-farmland specialist birds prefer small fields? The evaluation of mechanisms using a cross-border study
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FIGURE 4 in A taxonomic revision of Notothlaspi (Brassicaceae), a specialist alpine genus from New Zealand
FIGURE 4. Notothlaspi rosulatum silicle length and width, including the type specimens of N. rosulatum and N. rosulatum var. hursthousei. Big Hill, Marlborough specimens.
FIGURE 3. Notothlaspi viretum. A in A taxonomic revision of Notothlaspi (Brassicaceae), a specialist alpine genus from New Zealand
FIGURE 3. Notothlaspi viretum. A. Young plants of N. viretum (top) and N. australe (bottom) growing together among the summit rocks of Red Hill, Red Hills, Marlborough. B. Numerous densely placed rosettes forming a compact cushion with grass-green leaves. C. Fruiting plant with characteristic linear, grass-green leaves.
FIGURE 2. Notothlaspi rosulatum. A in A taxonomic revision of Notothlaspi (Brassicaceae), a specialist alpine genus from New Zealand
FIGURE 2. Notothlaspi rosulatum. A. Large (left) and small (right) flowering plants. B. Robust growing plant c. 200 mm tall with large silicles, Turks Head, Marlborough (Photograph S. Courtney). C. Brown-leaved form. D. Green-leaved form.
FIGURE 1. Notothlaspi australe. A in A taxonomic revision of Notothlaspi (Brassicaceae), a specialist alpine genus from New Zealand
FIGURE 1. Notothlaspi australe. A. Flowering plant (Photograph K. Ford). B. Fruiting plant with green leaves. C. Fruiting plant with brown leaves. D. Leaves each with several prominent teeth. E. Leaves entire or each with a few teeth. F. Leaves with prominent hairs. G. Leaves glabrous. H. Axillary flowers clustered toward the tips of the leafy stems.
Data for the publication Climate and nutrition drive gut microbiome variation in a fruit-specialist primate
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Distinct strategies of microeukaryotic generalists and specialists in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau sediment driven by salinity
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.