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23,351 results for “Comparative”
FIGURE 104 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA
FIGURE 104. Idolomantis diabolica (Mantodea: Empusidae) lateral view.
FIGURE 54 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA
FIGURE 54. Perlodidae lateral cross section of abdomen, showing eggs.
FIGURE 109 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA
FIGURE 109. Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae) ventral view.
FIGURE 107 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA
FIGURE 107. Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae) lateral view.
FIGURE 113 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA
FIGURE 113. Blaptica dubia (Blattodea: Blaberidae) ventral.
FIGURE 112 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA
FIGURE 112. Blaptica dubia (Blattodea: Blaberidae) dorsal.
FIGURE 110 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA
FIGURE 110. Periplaneta ventral view, head and leg tracheae removed.
Comparative transcriptomics reveals divergence in pathogen response gene families amongst twenty forest tree species
<p>Forest trees provide critical ecosystem services for humanity that are under threat due to ongoing global change. Measuring and characterizing genetic diversity is key to understanding adaptive potential and developing strategies to mitigate negative consequences arising from climate change. <span>In the area of forest genetic diversity, genetic divergence caused by large-scale changes at the chromosomal level has been largely understudied. In this study, </span>we used the RNA-seq data of twenty co-occurring forest tree species from genera including <em>Acer, Alnus, Amelanchier, Betula, Cornus, Corylus, Dirca, Fraxinus, Ostrya, Populus, Prunus, Quercus, Ribes, Tilia, </em>and<em> Ulmus </em>sampled from Upper Peninsula of Michigan. These data were used to infer the origin and maintenance of gene family variation, species divergence time, as well as gene family expansion and contraction. We identified a signal of common whole genome duplication events shared by core eudicots. We also found rapid evolution, namely fast expansion or fast contraction of gene families, in plant-pathogen interaction genes amongst the studied diploid species. Finally, the results lay the foundation for further research on the genetic diversity and adaptive capacity of forest trees, which will inform forest management and conservation policies.</p>
Assessing the prevalence of Female Genital Schistosomiasis and comparing the acceptability and performance of health worker-collected and self-collected cervical-vaginal swabs using PCR testing among women in North-Western Tanzania: the ShWAB study
<p>Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a severe neglected disease, caused by infection with <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em>. The WHO has prioritized the improvement of diagnostics for FGS and previous studies have explored the PCR-based detection of <em>Schistosoma</em> DNA on genital specimens, with encouraging results. We aimed to determine the prevalence of FGS among women living in an endemic district in North-western Tanzania, applying and preliminary comparing self-collected and operator-collected cervical-vaginal swabs followed by PCR, and to assess the acceptability of these sampling procedures.</p>
Data From: Spot-fire distance increases disproportionately for wildfires compared to prescribed fires as grasslands transition to Juniperus woodlands
<p>Woody encroachment is one of the greatest threats to grasslands globally, depleting a suite of ecosystem services, including forage production and grassland biodiversity. Recent evidence also suggests that woody encroachment increases wildfire danger, particularly in the Great Plains of North America, where highly volatile <em>Juniperus</em> spp. convert grasslands to an alternative woodland state. Spot-fire distances are a critical component of wildfire danger, describing the distance over which embers from one fire can cause a new fire ignition, potentially far away from fire suppression personnel. We assess changes in spot-fire distances as grasslands experience <em>Juniperus</em> encroachment to an alternative woodland state and how spot-fire distances differ under typical prescribed fire conditions compared to conditions observed during wildfire. We use BehavePlus to calculate spot-fire distances for these scenarios within the Loess Canyons Experimental Landscape, Nebraska, U.S.A., a <span>73,000-ha </span>ecoregion where private-lands fire management is used to reduce woody encroachment and prevent further expansion of <em>Juniperus</em> fuels. We found prescribed fire used to control woody encroachment had lower maximum spot-fire distances compared to wildfires and, correspondingly, a lower amount of land area at risk to spot-fire occurrence. <span>Under more extreme wildfire scenarios, </span>spot-fire distances were 2 times higher in grasslands, and over 3 times higher in encroached grasslands and <em>Juniperus</em> woodlands compared to fires burned under prescribed fire conditions. <span>Maximum spot-fire distance was 450% greater in Juniperus woodlands compared to grasslands and exposed an additional 14,000 ha of receptive fuels, on average, to spot-fire occurrence within the Loess Canyons Experimental Landscape. This study demonstrates that woody encroachment drastically increases risks associated with wildfire, and that spot fire distances associated with woody encroachment are much lower in prescribed fires used to control woody encroachment compared to wildfires. </span></p>
Supplemental data for: Endophyte genomes support greater metabolic gene cluster diversity compared with non-endophytes in Trichoderma
<p><em>Trichoderma</em> is a cosmopolitan genus with diverse lifestyles and nutritional modes, including mycotrophy, saprophytism, and endophytism. Previous research has reported greater metabolic gene repertoires in endophytic fungal species compared to closely-related non-endophytes. However, the extent of this ecological trend and its underlying mechanisms are unclear. Some endophytic fungi may also be mycotrophs and have one or more mycoparasitism mechanisms. Mycotrophic endophytes are prominent in certain genera like <em>Trichoderma</em>, therefore, the mechanisms that enable these fungi to colonize both living plants and fungi may be the result of expanded metabolic gene repertoires. Our objective was to determine what, if any, genomic features are overrepresented in endophytic fungi genomes in order to undercover the genomic underpinning of the fungal endophytic lifestyle. Here we compared metabolic gene cluster and mycoparasitism gene diversity across a dataset of thirty-eight <em>Trichoderma</em> genomes representing the full breadth of environmental <em>Trichoderma</em>'s diverse lifestyles and nutritional modes. We generated four new <em>Trichoderma endophyticum</em> genomes to improve the sampling of endophytic isolates from this genus. As predicted, endophytic <em>Trichoderma</em> genomes contained, on average, more total biosynthetic and degradative gene clusters than non-endophytic isolates, suggesting that the ability to create/modify a diversity of metabolites potential is beneficial or necessary to the endophytic fungi. Still, once the phylogenetic signal was taken into consideration, no particular class of metabolic gene cluster was independently associated with the <em>Trichoderma</em> endophytic lifestyle. Several mycoparasitism genes, but no chitinase genes, were associated with endophytic <em>Trichoderma</em> genomes. Most genomic differences between <em>Trichoderma</em> lifestyles and nutritional modes are difficult to disentangle from phylogenetic divergences among species, suggesting that <em>Trichoderma</em> genomes may be particularly well-equipped for lifestyle plasticity. We also consider the role of endophytism in diversifying secondary metabolism after identifying the horizontal transfer of the ergot alkaloid gene cluster to <em>Trichoderma</em>.</p>
Dataset for Manuscript: Comparing Urban Anthropogenic NMVOC Measurements with Representation in Emission Inventories - A Global Perspective
<p>Urban observations of individual NMVOCs and the calculated or reported emission ratios used for comparison to emission inventories.</p>
Fig. 26 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 26. Tadpoles of Polypedates megacephalus during ontogenetic development: Stages 35 to 46.
Fig. 27 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 27. Tadpole of Polypedates megacephalus at Stage 36.
Fig. 21 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 21. Tadpole of Occidozyga lima (Stage 36) showing details of oral apparatus.
Fig. 25 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 25. Tadpoles of Polypedates megacephalus during ontogenetic development: Stages 25 to 33.
Fig. 13 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 13. Tadpole of Kaloula pulchra at Stage 36.
Fig. 8 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 8. Temporal pattern of ontogenetic development of Kaloula pulchra tadpoles.
Fig. 2 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 2. Temporal pattern of ontogenetic development of Duttaphrynus melanostictus tadpoles.
Fig. 20 in Comparative study of the larval development of four anuran species from the Khorat Plateau, Thailand
Fig. 20. Tadpole of Occidozyga lima at Stage 36.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.