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opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Dataset for "The effect of the unique microstructure of additively manufactured Fe-Mn-Si-Cr shape memory alloys on recovery stress"

The uploaded dataset contains all relevant primary data for the publication titled "The effect of the unique microstructure of additively manufactured Fe-Mn-Si-Cr shape memory alloys on recovery stress".  The data is structured in subfolders: 01_Recovery stress: Primary data of thermo-mechanical experiments including force, strain and temperature measurements and a data description file. 02_Micrographs: Image files of etched and unetched sample cross-sections of additively manufactured samples with different Mn content. 03_EBSD: OIM files of electron backscatter diffraction measurements for all samples.  04_Chemical analysis Analysis report of externally perfomed chemical analysis of the used metal powders and the resulting additively manufactured parts.   For further information see the publication as soon as published.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Computational dataset, scripts and models for 'Lipid shape as a membrane activity modulator of a model antimicrobial peptide'

Analysis scripts and computational models used in the manuscript 'Lipid shape as a membrane activity modulator of a model antimicrobial peptide', by Marcin Makowski, Octávio L. Franco, Nuno C. Santos and Manuel N. Melo.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

Within-lake variation in fish predation risk shapes the spatio-temporal structure of the zooplankton community

Scripts and datasets to reproduce figures and analyses of the article.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Data from: Species interactions, environmental gradients and body size shape population niche width

Competition for shared resources is commonly assumed to restrict population-level niche width of coexisting species. However, the identity and abundance of coexisting species, the prevailing environmental conditions, and the individual body size may shape the effects of interspecific interactions on species' niche width. Here we study the effects of inter- and intraspecific interactions, lake area and altitude, and fish body size on the trophic niche width and resource use of a generalist predator, the littoral-dwelling large, sparsely-rakered morph of European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus; hereafter LSR whitefish). We use stable isotope, diet and survey fishing data from 14 subarctic lakes along an environmental gradient in northern Norway. The isotopic niche width of LSR whitefish showed a humped-shaped relationship with increasing relative abundance of sympatric competitors, suggesting widest population niche at intermediate intensity of interspecific interactions. The isotopic niche width of LSR whitefish tended to decrease with increasing altitude, suggesting reduced niche in colder, less productive lakes. LSR whitefish typically shifted to a higher trophic position and increased reliance on littoral food resources with increasing body size, although between-lake differences in ontogenetic niche shifts were evident. In most lakes, LSR whitefish relied less on littoral food resources than coexisting fishes and the niche overlap between sympatric competitors was most evident among relatively large individuals (>250 mm). Individual niche variation was highest among >200 mm long LSR whitefish, which likely have escaped the predation window of sympatric predators. We demonstrate that intermediate intensity of interspecific interactions may broaden species' niche width, whereas strong competition for limited resources and high predation risk may suppress niche width in less productive environments. Acknowledging potential humped-shaped relationships between population niche width and interspecific interactions can help us understand species' responses to environmental disturbance (e.g., climate change and species invasions) as well as the driving forces of niche specialization.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Social environment shapes female settlement decisions in a solitary carnivore

How and where a female selects an area to settle and breed is of central importance in dispersal and population ecology as it governs range expansion and gene flow. Social structure and organization have been shown to influence settlement decisions, but its importance in settlement of large, solitary mammals is largely unknown. We investigate how the identity of overlapping conspecifics on the landscape, acquired during the maternal care period, influences selection of settlement home ranges in a non-territorial, solitary mammal using location data of 56 female brown bears (Ursus arctos). We used a resource selection function to determine whether females' settlement behavior was influenced by presence of their mother, related females, familiar females, and female population density. Hunting may remove mothers and result in socio-spatial changes prior to settlement. We compared overlap between settling females and their mother's concurrent or most recent home ranges to examine the settling female's response to the absence or presence of her mother on the landscape. We found that females selected settlement home ranges that overlapped their mother's home range, familiar females, i.e. those they had previously overlapped with, and areas with higher density than their natal ranges. However, they did not select areas overlapping related females. We also found that when mothers were removed from the landscape, female offspring selected settlement home ranges with greater overlap of their mother's range, compared with mothers who were alive. Our results suggest that females are acquiring and using information about their social environment when making settlement decisions

FIGURE 9 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 9. Non-stationary associations between ecological diversity (ED) and standard deviation in altitude (ALTstd). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for ALTstd as predictor of ED, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors and species richness (TR), after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equalarea projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 5 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 5. Non-stationary associations between ecological diversity (ED) and net primary productivity (NPP). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for NPP as predictor of ED, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors and species richness (TR), after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 4 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 4. Non-stationary associations between ecological diversity (ED) and mean annual temperature (TEMP). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for TEMP as predictor of ED, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors and species richness (TR), after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 8 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 8. Non-stationary associations between ecological diversity (ED) and coefficient of variation in annual precipitation (PRECcv). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for PRECcv as predictor of ED, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors and species richness (TR), after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 7 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 7. Non-stationary associations between ecological diversity (ED) and annual range in temperature (TEMPr). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for TEMPr as predictor of ED, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors and species richness (TR), after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equalarea projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 1 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 1. Spatial patterns of variation in the ecological diversity (ED) of different mammal groups over the Americas. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 14 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 14. Non-stationary associations between phylogenetic diversity (AvPD) and coefficient of variation in annual precipitation (PRECcv). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for PRECcv as predictor of AvPD, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors, after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 6 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 6. Non-stationary associations between ecological diversity (ED) and annual precipitation (PREC). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for PREC as predictor of ED, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors and species richness (TR), after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 13 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 13. Non-stationary associations between phylogenetic diversity (AvPD) and annual range in temperature (TEMPr). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for TEMPr as predictor of AvPD, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors, after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 12 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 12. Non-stationary associations between phylogenetic diversity (AvPD) and annual precipitation (PREC). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for PREC as predictor of AvPD, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors, after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 10 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 10. Non-stationary associations between phylogenetic diversity (AvPD) and mean annual temperature (TEMP). The maps show the spatial variation in local beta coefficients (b) for TEMP as predictor of AvPD, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors, after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 2 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 2. Spatial patterns of variation in the phylogenetic diversity (AvPD) of different mammal groups over the Americas. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

FIGURE 3 in Biogeographical affinity shapes relationships between ecological and phylogenetic mammal diversity and associations with their environmental correlates in the Americas

FIGURE 3. Non-stationary associations between ecological diversity (ED) and phylogenetic diversity (AvPD). The maps show the local beta coefficients (b) for AvPD as predictor of ED, obtained from the full model, i.e., including all environmental predictors and species richness (TR), after application of geographically weighted regression separately on data for each mammal group. Following (Matthews & Yang 2012) non-significant values (p> 0.05) are excluded from the maps to optimize the visualization of patterns. Regions of (+) and negative (-) associations are indicated. Maps are in Mollweide equal-area projection. Dash lines on each map indicate the location of the tropics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Local and landscape characteristics shape amphibian communities across production landscapes in the Western Ghats

<ol> <li>Global tropical forests have been modified and fragmented by commodity agroforests, leading to significant alterations in ecological communities. Nevertheless, these production landscapes offer secondary habitats that support and sustain local biodiversity. In this study, we assess community level and species-specific responses of amphibians to land management in areca, coffee and rubber, three of the largest commodity agroforests in the Western Ghats.</li> <li>A total of 106 agroforests across a 30,000 km2 landscape were surveyed for amphibians using a combination of visual and auditory encounter surveys. We used a Bayesian multi-species occupancy modeling framework to examine patterns of species richness, beta diversity, dominance structure and individual species occupancies. The influence of biogeographic variables such as elevation and latitude as well as microhabitat availability of streams, ponds and unpaved plantation roads were tested on amphibian species occupancy. </li> <li>Coffee agroforests had the highest species richness and lowest dominance when compared to areca and rubber. Beta diversity was highest in areca for within agroforest measures. Compared across agroforests, coffee had highest beta diversity with areca and rubber. Both elevation and latitude showed an overall positive association with amphibian occupancy although species-specific responses varied considerably. </li> <li>Microhabitat availability was one of the strongest predictors of amphibian occupancy, with mean community response being positive with presence of water bodies and roads. Pond presence increased species richness per site by 37% (species-specific responses in occupancy ranged from -2.7% to 327%). Stream presence alone did not change species richness but species-specific response ranged from -59% to 273%). Presence of plantation roads also increased species richness by 21.5% (species-specific response range -82% to 656%). Being unpaved with little vehicular traffic, plantation roads seem to provide additional habitats for amphibians. Presence of all three microhabitats at a site increased species richness by 75%.</li> <li>Our study highlights the importance of land management strategies that maintain diverse native canopy and freshwater bodies and other microhabitats in sustaining amphibian fauna. Market driven land-use change from coffee to other agroforest types will have detrimental effects on amphibian communities and their long-term sustainability in the Western Ghats.</li> </ol>