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13,587 results for “specification”
FIGURE 10 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 10. Vipera (Pelias) berus rudolphimarchica. Paratype, ZMB 31260. General view. Photograph by Daniel Bohle.
FIGURE 18 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 18. Vipera (Pelias) coronis zamenoides. Lectotype, ZMB 29807. General view. Photograph by Daniel Bohle.
FIGURE 3. Vipera aspis rudolphiitalica. Holotype, MZUT R504 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 3. Vipera aspis rudolphiitalica. Holotype, MZUT R504. General view. Photograph by Andreone Franco.
FIGURE 7 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 7. Vipera (Pelias) berus luteoalba. Holotype, ZMB 29524. General view. Photograph by Daniel Bohle.
FIGURE 13 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 13. Vipera (Pelias) berus rutila. Holotype, ZMB 29519. General view. Photograph by Daniel Bohle.
FIGURE 16. Vipera coronis nigroides. Lectotype, ZMB 29648 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 16. Vipera coronis nigroides. Lectotype, ZMB 29648. General view. Photograph by Daniel Bohle.
FIGURE 17. Vipera coronis nigroides. Paralectotype, ZMB 30383 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 17. Vipera coronis nigroides. Paralectotype, ZMB 30383. General view. Photograph by Daniel Bohle.
FIGURE 1 in An account of the generic and specific names, and type specimens of viperid taxa described by Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (Squamata: Viperidae)
FIGURE 1. Macrovipera lebetina cypriensis. Lectotype ZSM (SLM) 3210. General view. Photograph by Franz Glaw.
Data from: Near-global freshwater-specific environmental variables for biodiversity analyses in 1km resolution
The lack of freshwater-specific environmental information at sufficiently fine spatial grain hampers broad-scale analyses in aquatic biology, biogeography, conservation, and ecology. Here we present a near-global, spatially continuous, and freshwater-specific set of environmental variables in a standardized 1 km grid. We delineate the sub-catchment for each grid cell along the HydroSHEDS river network and summarize the upstream climate, topography, land cover, surface geology and soil to each grid cell using various metrics (average, minimum, maximum, range, sum, inverse distance-weighted average and sum). All variables were subsequently averaged across single lakes and reservoirs of the Global lakes and Wetlands Database that are connected to the river network. Monthly climate variables were summarized into 19 long-term climatic variables following the 'bioclim' framework. This new set of variables provides a basis for spatial ecological and biodiversity analyses in freshwater ecosystems at near global extent, yet fine spatial grain. To facilitate the generation of freshwater variables for custom study areas and spatial grains, we provide the 'r.stream.watersheds' and 'r.stream.variables' add-ons for the GRASS GIS software.
Data from: Reef-specific patterns of gene expression plasticity in eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica)
Understanding the interaction between phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary processes is important for predicting a species' response to changing environment. Strong recurrent selection each generation may be an important process in highly fecund species with broad dispersal and extensive early mortality. We tested whether selection was associated with spatial divergence in gene expression plasticity for osmoregulation in the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica). We collected adult oysters from high and low salinity reefs within a single estuary and after 9 weeks of acclimation at 10 and 30 salinity, measured gene expression in 24 oysters using next-generation RNA sequencing technology. The oysters had significantly different expression (DE) in response to salinity treatments for 7936 (18.9%) transcripts overall, with planned contrasts showing 8× more DE in oysters from the high-salinity reef and 15× more DE between reefs when tested at 10 salinity. The reef-by-treatment interaction was also genomically pervasive (5858 DE transcripts, 13.9%). Inter-reef F ST for transcript SNPs averaged 0.0025 with the top 1% between 0.29 and 0.73. Transcripts containing "outlier" SNPs were significantly enriched for osmoregulatory genes and showed patterns of variation consistent with selection on the low-salinity reef. Both phenotypic plasticity and recurrent selection seem to be important factors determining the realized niche of oysters within estuaries.
FIGURE 21–28. Sceptronema orientale. SEM. Sample LPC 11650. Internal views. Figs 21, 23 in The epizoic marine diatom Sceptronema orientale (Licmophoraceae, Licmophorales): epitypification and emendation of specific and generic descriptions
FIGURE 21–28. Sceptronema orientale. SEM. Sample LPC 11650. Internal views. Figs 21, 23. Head-poles showing apical slit field on the valve mantle. Figs 22, 24. Foot-poles showing apical slit field on the valve mantle and several rimmed, sessile rimoportulae (arrowheads). Fig. 25. Rows of rimoportulae near each valve margin. Note rimoportulae are inserted within the striae (arrowheads). Fig. 26. Apical slit field on the head-pole. Fig. 27. Foot-pole of the valve of fig. 16. Note valvocopula in internal view and the next copula in external and internal view (VC valvocopula, CP 1 1st copula). Fig. 28. Head-pole of the valve of fig. 16 showing valvocopula with a very short septum formed on the
FIGURE 16–20. Sceptronema orientale. SEM. Sample LPC 11650. Figs 16–17 in The epizoic marine diatom Sceptronema orientale (Licmophoraceae, Licmophorales): epitypification and emendation of specific and generic descriptions
FIGURE 16–20. Sceptronema orientale. SEM. Sample LPC 11650. Figs 16–17. Internal valve view. Note open bands in Fig. 16 (VC valvocopula, CP 1 1st copula). Figs 18–20. External views. Fig. 18. Valve mantle of the head-pole with an apical slit field and girdle. Arrowheads show sunken cross bars of the slits (VC valvocopula, CP 1 1st copula, CP 2 2nd copula). Fig. 19. Foot-pole of a valve showing rimoportulae opening by subcircular to elliptical pores (arrowheads). Fig. 20. Central part of valve showing straight sternum and transverse, uniseriate striae. Scale bars: Figs 16–17 = 5 µm; Fig. 19 = 2 µm; Figs 18, 20 = 1 µm.
FIGURE 2–10 in The epizoic marine diatom Sceptronema orientale (Licmophoraceae, Licmophorales): epitypification and emendation of specific and generic descriptions
FIGURE 2–10. Sceptronema orientale. LM. Figs 2–7. Sample LPC 11650. Figs 2–4. Several live colonies on Euterpina acutifrons. Figs 5–7. Details of these colonies. Fig. 5. Cells with one chloroplast, attached by mucilaginous stalks. Arrowheads show short septa. Fig. 6. Cells in valvar view with the head-pole attaching by a mucilaginous pad to the head-pole of the adjacent cell of the colony. Fig. 7. Cells in girdle view. Arrowheads show septa. Figs 8–10. Slide LPC 11650 (1), cleaned material, epitype here designated. Fig. 8. Complete frustule. Figs 9–10. Valves with girdle bands. Note the central, straight sternum. Scale bars: Fig. 2 = 100 µm; Fig. 3 = 50 µm; Figs 4, 6–7 = 20 µm; Figs 5, 8 = 10 µm; Figs 9–10 = 5 µm.
FIGURE 1 in The epizoic marine diatom Sceptronema orientale (Licmophoraceae, Licmophorales): epitypification and emendation of specific and generic descriptions
FIGURE 1. Map of Province of Buenos Aires, showing sampling stations and location of the area in Argentina. 1: Los Pocitos, 2: Ría del Jabalí, 3: Bahía San Blas.
FIGURE 12–15 in The epizoic marine diatom Sceptronema orientale (Licmophoraceae, Licmophorales): epitypification and emendation of specific and generic descriptions
FIGURE 12–15. Sceptronema orientale on Euterpina acutifrons. SEM. Sample LPC 11650. Figs 11–13. Note cells attached to the copepod by mucilaginous stalks. Fig. 14. Detail of several coiled mucilaginous stalks. Fig. 15. Frustules tilted showing valvar and partial girdle views. Scale bars: Figs 11–12 = 100 µm; Figs 13–14 = 20 µm; Fig. 15 = 10 µm.
Lineage-specific variation in the evolutionary stability of coral photosymbiosis.
<p><span class="pre-line-wrapping ng-binding">Over half of reef-building corals (Scleractinia) participate in a nutritional symbiosis, known as photosymbiosis, with photosynthetic dinoflagellates that ranges from obligate to facultative dependence. Fitting hidden-rates models allowing among-lineage variation in the rate of trait evolution to supertree and molecular phylogenies of Scleractinia, we reconstruct the history of photosymbiosis within Scleractinia and characterize its evolutionary stability. We find that most lineages of scleractinians are extraordinarily stable for the trait, evincing no instances of loss, but that in some clades photosymbiosis is more labile, thus providing a framework for comparative studies to further our mechanistic understanding of the factors that shape the evolutionary fates of scleractinian photosymbiosis.</span></p>
Mitonuclear interactions alter sex-specific longevity in a species without sex chromosomes
<p>Data submission accompanies a manuscript submitted to Proceedings of the Royal Society B entitled "Mitonuclear interactions alter sex-specific longevity in a species without sex chromosomes" by Flanagan, Li, and Edmands. Data files include longevity, mtDNA content, DNA damage, and sample information. All analyses are performed in a single R Markdown file.</p>
Dataset for state-specific reaction of OCS+Ne* from "A novel crossed-molecular-beam experiment for investigating reactions of state- and conformationally selected strong-field-seeking molecules"
<p><strong>Data and analysis for all figures containing experimental data of the paper:</strong></p> <p>•Title: A novel crossed-molecular-beam experiment for investigating reactions of state- and conformationally selected strong-field-seeking molecules</p> <p>•Authors: L. Ploene, P. Straňák, H. Gao, J. Küpper and S.Willitsch</p> <p>•Journal: Molecular Physics</p> <p>DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2021.1965234</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>The PDF contains three flow-chart diagrams, describing how the data has been analysed:</strong></p> <p>•Diagram 1: Deflection profiles of OCS by femtosecond-ionisation compared to MC trajectory simulations for Paper-Figure 3</p> <p>•Diagram 2: Typical TOF-MS trace of Ne* + OCS for Paper-Figure 4 and Experimental deflection profile of OCS+ and S+ from chemi-ionisation reaction Ne* + OCS for Paper-Figure 5</p> <p>•Diagram 3: Least-square fitting of experimental deflection profiles of OCS+and S+ with state-specific simulated deflection profiles for Paper-Figure 6a and 6b</p>
Evolutionary and biogeographical support for species-specific proteins in lizard chemical signals
<p>The species-specific components (SSC) of animal signals can facilitate species recognition and reduce the risks of mismatching and interbreeding. Still, empirical evidence for SSCs in chemical signals is scarce and mostly limited to insect pheromones. Based on the proteinaceous femoral gland secretions of 36 lizard species (Lacertidae), we examine the SSC potential of proteins in lizard chemical signals. By quantitatively comparing the one-dimensional electrophoretic patterns of the protein fraction from femoral gland secretions, we first reveal that protein composition is species-specific, accounting for large part of the observed raw variation, and allowing us to discriminate species on this basis. Secondly, we find increased protein pattern divergence in sympatric, closely related species. Thirdly, lizard protein profiles show a low phylogenetic signal, a recent and steep increase in relative disparity, and a high rate of evolutionary change compared to non-specifically-signal traits (i.e. body size and shape). Together, these findings provide support for the species-specificity of proteins in the chemical signals of a vertebrate lineage.</p> <p>We made available two datasets:</p> <p><strong>rawdata.Rdata</strong> is an R-data file containing a single R-list object called “epg” (which stands for “electrophoretograms”). The list has 7 entries:</p> <ol> <li>$profile The normalised luma values for each sample individual; row names correspond to the species name (6 letter abbreviations) followed by a progressive integer</li> <li>$hpx a progressive number indicating the molecular weight integer corresponding to each luma value in epg$profile</li> <li>$kda the corresponding average molecular weight for each bin (in kDa)</li> <li>$spe a factor indicating the species for each profile row</li> <li>$gel a factor indicating the gel from which the profile was extracted</li> <li>$abso the absorbance value, proxy for protein concentration for each sample</li> <li>$epg.species the geometric mean of the EPG for each species (row names)</li> </ol> <p><strong>gel.zip</strong> is a zipped file with all gel images used to extract individual EPG.</p> <p>All other information and data needed to replicate our analysis are available in the published paper or in reference therein.</p> <p> </p>
Figure 2 in Multi-scale patterns in the host specificity of plant-dwelling arthropods: the influence of host plant and temporal variation on species richness and assemblage composition of true bugs (Hemiptera)
Figure 2. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) ordination showing hemipteran composition for all sampling periods with selected plant species superimposed.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.