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Fig. 2 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 2. Corallum of Fimbriaphyllia species currently reported from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, F. paraancora (A–D) and F. paradivisa (E–H). A, KAUM-CN-10, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 32 m; B, CMNH-ZG09105, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 35 m; C, CMNH-ZG 08523, Wase, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 9 m; D, CMNH- ZG 07195, Ii-nanshi, Ogamijima island, Okinawa, Japan, depth of 10 m; E, KAUM-CN-11, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 32 m; F, CMNH-ZG 09661, Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, depth of 32 m; G, KAUM-CN-12, Henoko, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, depth of 28 m; H, CMNH-ZG-09661, Henoko, Okinawajima island, Japan, depth of 28 m.

Fig. 6 in A New Record of Brittle Star Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Southwestern Japan, with Notes on its Bioluminescence

Fig. 6. Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (NSMT E-13189), SEM photographs of vertebrae from middle (A–C) and distal (D–G) portions of arms. A, F, ventral views; B, G, dorsal views; C, lateral view; D, proximal view; E, distal view. Arrowheads indicate orientation: do, dorsal side; dis, distal side; pro, proximal side; v, ventral side. Abbreviations: DF, dorsal muscle flange; DT, depression for tentacle; H, hole; LaS, lateral saddle; LoF, longitudinal furrow; VF, ventral muscle flange. Scale bars=100 µm.

Fig. 1 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 1. Underwater appearance of living corals. A, in situ photograph of the colonies of Fimbriaphyllia paraancora (KAUM-CN-10) on the left and F.paradivisa (KAUM-CN-11) at Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, on 21 December 2017; B, an aggregation of F.paradivisa approximately 3–5 m in diameters on the muddy bottom in the usually turbid inner bay at a depth 28 m, Henoko, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, on 25 November 2010; C, extended polyps of F. paradivisa showing branching tentacles with spherical ends; D, extended polyps of F. paraancora showing tentacles with anchor-shaped tips; E, in situ photograph of Catalaphyllia jardinei (KAUM-CN-14) at Tean, Amami-Oshima island, Kagoshima, Japan, on 21 December 2017; F, polyps of C. jardinei showing small bubble-shaped tentacles at the edge of the oral disc.

Fig. 2 in A New Record of Brittle Star Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Southwestern Japan, with Notes on its Bioluminescence

Fig. 2. Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha, living, in situ (A, B), anesthetized (C, D) and fixed (E–H) states of a smaller specimen (A, G, H; NSMT E-13190) and a larger specimen (B–F; NSMT E-13189). A, with burrowed disc and extended arms; B, exposed from sand ground, dorsal view; C, E, G, dorsal views; D, F, H, ventral views. Scale bars=1 cm.

Fig. 8 in A New Record of Brittle Star Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Southwestern Japan, with Notes on its Bioluminescence

Fig. 8. Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (NSMT E-13189), SEM photographs of arm ossicles: A–C, arm spines from middle (A, B) and distal (C) portion of arms, ventral most (A, C) and middle (B) one; D–F, adradial tentacle scales, from proximal (D), middle (E) and distal (F) portion of arms; G–L, dorsal arm plate from proximal (G, H), middle (I, J) and distal (K, L) portion of arms, internal (G, J, L) and external (H, I, K) views; M–R, ventral arm plates from proximal (M, N), middle (O, P) and distal (Q, R) portion of arms, internal (M, O, Q) and external (N, P, R) views. Arrowheads indicate orientations: ba, basal side; dis, distal side; ex, external side; pro, proximal side. Scale bars=100 µm.

Fig. 4 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 4. Specimens of Catalaphyllia jardinei preserved in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (Photographs taken by Allison Becker) (USNM). A–B, corallite of USNM 1259568, collected at 52–55 m deep off Manza Horshoe Cliffs, Onna, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, on 21 December 1988, by Robert F. Bolland; C–D, corallite of USNM 94409, collected at 27 m deep off Nago City, Nago, Okinawajima island, Okinawa, Japan, on 21 February 1992, by R. F. Bolland.

Fig. 5 in A New Record of Brittle Star Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Southwestern Japan, with Notes on its Bioluminescence

Fig. 5. Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (NSMT E-13189), SEM photographs of vertebrae from proximal (A–E) and middle (F, G) portions of arms. A, F, distal views; B, G, proximal views; C, ventral view; D, dorsal view; E, lateral view. Arrowheads indicate orientation: do, dorsal side; dis, distal side; pro, proximal side; v, ventral side. Abbreviations: DF, dorsal muscle flange; DT, depression for tentacle; LaS, lateral saddle; LoF, longitudinal furrow; TrF, transverse furrow; VF, ventral muscle flange. Scale bars=100 µm.

Fig. 4 in A New Record of Brittle Star Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Southwestern Japan, with Notes on its Bioluminescence

Fig. 4. Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (NSMT E-13189): A–C, dorsal views of arms, proximal (A), middle (B) and distal (C) portions; D–F, lateral views of arms, proximal (D), middle (E) and distal (F) portions. Arrows indicate orientations: do, dorsal side; v, ventral side. Arrowheads indicate arm spines. Abbreviations: DAP, dorsal arm plate; T, tentacle; TS, tentacle scale. Scale bars=1 mm.

Fig. 3 in A New Record of Brittle Star Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Southwestern Japan, with Notes on its Bioluminescence

Fig. 3. Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (NSMT E-13189): A, dorsal disc; B, dorsal central part of disc; C, dorsal peripheral part of disc, arrowheads indicate internal edges of radial shields; D, jaws; E, lateral interradial part of disc; F–H, oral views of arms, proximal (F), middle (G) and distal (H) portions. Abbreviations: AdS, adradial shield; AS, arm spine; ASS, adoral shield spine; GS, genital slit; IP, infradental papilla; OS, oral shield; ORS, oral ridge spine; TS, tentacle scale; VAP, ventral arm plate. Scale bars=1 mm.

Fig. 7 in A New Record of Brittle Star Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Southwestern Japan, with Notes on its Bioluminescence

Fig. 7. Ophiopsila cf. polyacantha (NSMT E-13189), SEM photographs of arm ossicles from distal portion (A, H–J), proximal portion (B–D, K, L) and middle portion (E–G): A, vertebra, lateral view; B–J, lateral arm plates, external views (B, E, H), internal views, arrowheads indicate perforations (C, F, I) and distal views (D, G, J); K, L, arm spines, ventral most (K) and middle (L) one. Arrowheads indicate orientations: ba, basal side; dis, distal side; do, dorsal side, ex, external side; v, ventral side; pro, proximal side. Abbreviations: DL, dorsal lobe; DT, depression for tentacle; K, knob; MO, muscle opening; NO, nerve opening; R, ridge; TN, tentacle notch; VL, ventral lobe. Scale bars=100 µm.

Fig. 3 in New Distributional Records of Three Species of Euphylliidae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Fig. 3. Corallum of Catalaphyllia jardinei currently reported from Amami-Oshima island, Japan. A, side view of the corallite of KAUM- CN-14; B, view from the top side of the corallite and the calice of KAUM-CN-14; C, side view of the corallite of CMNH-ZG 09662; D, view from the top side of the corallite and the calice of CMNH-ZG 0966 showing three-forked branching of the calice.

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Fig. 3 in Salmincola edwardsii (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) Parasitic on Southern Asian Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma krascheninnikova, from Hokkaido Island, Japan, with the Southernmost Distribution Record of the Copepod in Asia

Fig. 3. Map of Hokkaido Island and the southern Kuril Islands, showing the collection localities of Salmincola edwardsii in the previous (closed triangles, Shedko and Shedko, 2002) and present (closed circles) studies. Open circles show no copepod infection on southern Asian Dolly Varden. 1, Olya Inlet (Prostor Bay), Iturup Island; 2, Kuibyshev Bay, Iturup Island; 3, Petrova River, Kunashir Island; 4, a nameless creek, Kunashir Island; 5, Rusha River; 6, Rausu River; 7, Shari River; 8, Shibetsu River; 9, Saru River; 10, Yoichi River; 11, Shiribetsu River; 12, Notto River; 13, Chihase River.

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Fig. 2 in Salmincola edwardsii (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) Parasitic on Southern Asian Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma krascheninnikova, from Hokkaido Island, Japan, with the Southernmost Distribution Record of the Copepod in Asia

Fig. 2. Female of Salmincola edwardsii attached to the base of gill filament of southern Asian Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma krascheninnikova, from the Shari River, Hokkaido Island. Formalinfixed and later ethanol-preserved specimen, lateral view. Abbreviations: c, cephalothorax; es, egg sac; ga, gill arch; gf, gill filament; mx2, second maxilla; mxp, maxilliped; t, trunk. Scale bar: 1 mm. Note most portions of the infected gill filament lost, and a bulbous swelling (*) enveloping the bulla.

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Fig. 1 in Salmincola edwardsii (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) Parasitic on Southern Asian Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma krascheninnikova, from Hokkaido Island, Japan, with the Southernmost Distribution Record of the Copepod in Asia

Fig. 1. Salmincola edwardsii, female, from southern Asian Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma krascheninnikova, from the Shari River, Hokkaido Island. A, habitus, anterolateral view; B, second antenna, lateral view; C, mandible, lateral view; D, first maxilla, lateral view; E, maxilliped, lateral view. Abbreviations: ant2, second antenna; b, bulla; c, cephalothorax; es, egg sac; ex, exopod; h1, hook 1; mx2, second maxilla; mxp, maxilliped; p, palp; p4, process 4; p5, process 5; s2, spine 2; sy, sympod; t, trunk. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 50 µm; C, 20 µm; D, 100 µm; E, 200 µm.

Fig. 8 in First Specimen-based Records of Canthidermis macrolepis (Tetraodontiformes: Balistidae) from the Pacific Ocean and Comparisons with C. maculata

Fig. 8. Neighbor-joining tree based on sequence variations of the partial mitochondrial DNA COI gene. Sequences indicated by catalog numbers of specimens (shown by asterisks, determined here) or INSDC/BOLD registration numbers (determined in previous studies: see text). Numbers at branches indicate bootstrap probabilities following 1,000 bootstrap replications. Scale bar equals 0.02 of Tamura and Nei's (1993) distance.

Fig. 1 in First Records of the Pughead-pipefish Bulbonaricus davaoensis (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) from Japan

Fig. 1. Photographs of fresh (A–C, F, G) and preserved (D, E, H, I) specimens of Bulbonaricus davaoensis from Japan, lateral views (A, B, D–I) and dorsal view (C). A–E: from Okinoerabu Island; F–I: from Chichi Island; A, D: KAUM–I. 134392, male, 41.2 mm SL; B, E: KAUM–I. 134391, female, 44.6 mm SL; C: KAUM–I. 134393, female, 47.0 mm SL; F, H: KPM-NI 23063, male, 44.1+mm SL; G, I: KPM-NI 23064, female, 40.9+mm SL.

Fig. 3 in First Specimen-based Records of Canthidermis macrolepis (Tetraodontiformes: Balistidae) from the Pacific Ocean and Comparisons with C. maculata

Fig. 3. Preserved specimens of Canthidermis macrolepis. A, FAKU 38281, 266.9 mm SL, Shimane Prefecture, Japan; B, NSMT-P 23948, 276.2 mm SL, Micronesia; C, FAKU 131436, 298.3 mm SL, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.

Fig. 1 in First Specimen-based Records of Canthidermis macrolepis (Tetraodontiformes: Balistidae) from the Pacific Ocean and Comparisons with C. maculata

Fig. 1. Fresh specimens of Canthidermis macrolepis from Japan at different growth stages. A, OMNH-P 2297 (image cataloged as KPM-NR 3192), 206.9 mm SL, Hyogo Prefecture; B, NSMT-P 129777, 308.8 mm SL, Yamaguchi Prefecture; C, FAKU 135237, 330.0 mm SL, Kyoto Prefecture; D, FAKU 146571, 344.5 mm SL, Ishikawa Prefecture; E, KAUM–I. 115632, 317.2 mm SL, Kagoshima Prefecture. Photos (A, B and E) by T. Suzuki, NSMT and KAUM, respectively.

Fig. 2 in First Records of the Pughead-pipefish Bulbonaricus davaoensis (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) from Japan

Fig. 2. Diagram of lateral head of Bulbonaricus davaoensis. Same individual as Fig. 1A. Scale bar 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in First Specimen-based Records of Canthidermis macrolepis (Tetraodontiformes: Balistidae) from the Pacific Ocean and Comparisons with C. maculata

Fig. 4. Distributional map of Canthidermis macrolepis. Stars and circles indicate present and previous records, respectively. Closed and open stars indicate specimen- and photograph-based records, respectively.