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Zarr of Sentinel-3 NDVI Long Term Statistics (1999-2019) from the Copernicus Global Land Service over Troms and Finnmark (Norway)
<p>Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the form of a zarr (tarball) from Sentinel-3 NDVI Analysis Ready Cloud Optimized (ARCO dataset) - The original data is provided by the Copernicus Global Land Service.</p> <p><br> One can extract the zarr folder using a command like:<br> </p> <pre><code>tar xvf c_gls_NDVI-LTS_1999-2019-Troms_Finnmark_VGT-PROBAV_V3.tar</code></pre> <p> </p>
Search strategies for an international review of the epidemiology of Long Covid
<p>The dataset includes the complete, reproducible search strategies for all literature databases searched during this project.</p>
Evolved transcriptional responses and their trade-offs after long-term adaptation of Bemisia tabaci to a marginally-suitable host
<p>Scripts and data used in the work "Evolved transcriptional responses and their trade-offs after long-term adaptation of Bemisia tabaci to a marginally-suitable host".</p> <p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Although generalist insect herbivores can migrate and rapidly adapt to a broad range of host plants, they can face significant difficulties when accidentally migrating to novel and marginally-suitable hosts. What happens, at both the performance and transcriptional levels, if these marginally-suitable hosts must be used for multiple generations before migration to a suitable host can take place, largely remains unknown. In this study, we established multigenerational colonies of the whitefly <em>Bemisia tabaci</em>, a generalist phloem-feeding species, adapted to a marginally-suitable host (habanero pepper) or an optimal host (cotton). We used reciprocal host tests to estimate the differences in performance of the populations on both hosts under optimal (30 <sup>o</sup>C) and mild-stressful (24 <sup>o</sup>C) temperature conditions, and documented the associated transcriptomic changes. The habanero pepper-adapted population greatly improved its performance on habanero pepper but did not reach its performance level on cotton, the original host. It also showed reduced performance on cotton, relative to the non-adapted population, and an antagonistic effect of the lower-temperature stressor. The transcriptomic data revealed that most of the expression changes, associated with long-term adaptation to habanero pepper, can be categorized as “evolved” with no initial plastic response. Three molecular functions dominated: enhanced formation of cuticle structural constituents, enhanced activity of oxidation-reduction processes involved in neutralization of phytotoxins and reduced production of proteins from the cathepsin B family. Taken together, these findings indicate that generalist insects can adapt to novel host plants by modifying the expression of a relatively small set of specific molecular functions.</p>
Data for: Long-wavelength-sensitive (lws) opsin gene expression, foraging and visual communication in coral reef fishes
<p>Coral reef fishes are diverse in ecology and behaviour and show remarkable colour variability. Investigating the visual pigment gene (opsin) expression in these fishes makes it possible to associate their visual genotype and phenotype (spectral sensitivities) to visual tasks, such as feeding strategy or conspecific detection. By studying all major damselfish clades (Pomacentridae) and representatives from five other coral reef fish families, we show that the long-wavelength-sensitive (<em>lws</em>) opsin is highly expressed in algivorous and less or not expressed in zooplanktivorous species. <em>Lws</em> is also upregulated in species with orange/red colours (reflectance >520 nm) and expression is highest in orange/red-coloured algivores. Visual models from the perspective of a typical damselfish indicate that sensitivity to longer wavelengths does enhance the ability to detect the red to far-red component of algae and orange/red-coloured conspecifics, possibly enabling social signalling. Character state reconstructions indicate that in the early evolutionary history of damselfishes, there was no <em>lws</em> expression and no orange/red coloration. Omnivory was most often the dominant state. Although herbivory was sometimes dominant, zooplanktivory was never dominant. Sensitivity to long wavelength (increased <em>lws</em> expression) only emerged in association with algivory but never with zooplanktivory. Higher <em>lws</em> expression is also exploited by social signalling in orange/red, which emerged after the transition to algivory. Although the relative timing of traits may deviate by different reconstructions and alternative explanations are possible, our results are consistent with sensory bias whereby social signals evolve as a correlated response to natural selection on sensory system properties in other contexts.</p>
Long-term dataset of stable isotopes in rainfall at the North American monsoon region in southern Sonora, Mexico
<p>This is an original data set where rainwater samples were collected with a rain bucked prepared to avoid isotopic fractionation following the indication from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). We use a rainfall collector containing mineral oil, and samples from the collector were extracted within a maximum of 24 hours from the rain event and sometimes soon after precipitation ceased. Isotope analyses were carried with laser spectroscopy using working standards calibrated against the accepted Vienna Standard Meteoric Oceanic Water (VSMOW) for international reference and comparison. We analyzed the isotopic composition of 138 rain samples collected a permanent location with the aid of a rain bucket containing mineral oil. Samples were collected soon after every rainfall event between July 2014 and December 2021. Rainfall was collected at one permanent location at a residential area in Ciudad Obregon, Sonora Mexico within the Cajeme municipality (27.511850, -109.956316) in the transition zone between the urban and agricultural area in the northeastern edge of the city.</p>
Dataset related to the publication "New Technique for Probing the Protecting Character of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase as a Critical but Elusive Property for Pursuing Long Cycle Life Lithium-Ion Batteries"
<p>The formation of a protecting nano-layer, so-called Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI), on the negative electrode of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) from product precipitation of the cathodic decomposition of the electrolyte is a blessing since the electrically-insulating nature of this nano-layer protect the electrode surface preventing continuous electrolyte decomposition and enabling the large nominal cell voltage of LIBs, e.g. 3.3 – 3.8 V. Thus, the protecting performance of the nano-layer SEI is essential for LIBs to achieve long cycle life. Unfortunately, evaluation of this critical property of the SEI is not trivial. Herein, a new, cheap and easily-implementable methodology is presented to estimate the protecting quality of the SEI; the redox-mediated enhanced coulometry. The key element of the methodology is the addition of a redox-mediator in the electrolyte during degassing step (after the SEI formation cycle). The redox-mediator leads to an internal self-discharge process that is inversely proportional to the protecting character of the SEI. And the self-discharge process results in an easily-measurable decrease in coulombic efficiency. The influence of vinylene carbonate as electrolyte additive in the resulting SEI is used as case study to showcase the potential of the proposed methodology</p>
Fig. 4 in Long Term (1985-2018) Changes Of The Habitat Suitability Of European Souslik Assessed By Maxent Modelling Based On Landsat Satellite Imagery - A Case Study From A Mountain Landscape Of Central Bulgaria
Fig. 4. Response curves, representing the dependence of predicted suitability both on the
Fig. 1 in Long Term (1985-2018) Changes Of The Habitat Suitability Of European Souslik Assessed By Maxent Modelling Based On Landsat Satellite Imagery - A Case Study From A Mountain Landscape Of Central Bulgaria
Fig. 1. Satellite view of the study area. White circles represent the location of the colonies
Figs 1–8 in The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842
Figs 1–8. Sciapus spp.: 1–6 – S. basarukini sp. n., holotype, male: 1 – habitus; 2 – anten-
Fig. 2 in PREVALENCE OF NOSEMA CERANAE (MICROSPORIDIA) IN THE APIS MELLIFERA MELLIFERA BEE COLONIES FROM LONG TIME ISOLATED APIARIES OF SIBERIA
Fig. 2. Distribution of Nosema species in apiaries throughout the Krasnoyarsk Krai (dots
Figure 9 in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 9. Number of Cinclodes pabsti nests in laying, incubation, and nestling phenophases, and the total number of active nests out of 52 nesting cavities monitored in the 2010-2011 breeding season in Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil.
Figure 7A-7D in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 7A-7D. Nestlings of Cinclodes pabsti recorded in the breeding season of 2010-2011 in Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil. (7A and 7B) istribution of brown, natal, down feathers (neossoptiles) in the semi-covered body, with closed eyes and opened ears in the new hatchling; (7C and 7D) body covered by feathers, except for the neossoptiles in the feather cannons of the wings and tail at 11 days of age.
Figure 6A-6B in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 6A-6B. Nest of Cinclodes pabsti from Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil, collected in the breeding season of 2009-2010. (6A) top view; and (6B) side view of Cinclodes pabsti nest showing the shape and materials used in the construction. (Table 3), which were used to form a moderately deep clutch, with the nestlings hatching not more than 4 h apart. cup. In addition to these materials, the pair would deposit The nestling bodies were half-covered with brown, natal chaff and wing and tail feathers of non-Passerine species down feathers (neossoptiles) distributed over the head, along the entrance tunnel over the excreta of the nest- wings, back, sides, thighs, and belly (Figs. 7A and 7B). The lings during the nestling phase, possibly to avoid contact body mass of the nestlings at hatching (n = 18) ranged with it as they entered and exited the nest to attend the from 4.0 to 7.0 g (6.0 ± 1.0 g). The eyes opened partially at nestlings. Owl pellets, fresh sheep droppings, pieces of 4 days of age, and pin feather sheaths developed on the mammal skin with fur, and pellets of wool from sheep wings, tail, and some regions of the back, chest, and belly and wild mammals around the nest were often recorded at 6 days of age. The nestlings were covered by feathers in the nesting chamber of C. pabsti (Table 3). Oviposition at 11 days of age, except for the neossoptiles beside the occurred at 24 h intervals, and incubation began only af- feather sheath in the wings and tail (Figs. 7C and 7D). The ter laying was complete (maximum clutch size of three). nestlings reached their maximum body mass at 16 days The nests remained vacant until laying was complete. of age, ranging from 56 to 63 g (59.6 ± 2.4 g). Nestlings A total of 748 eggs produced in 295 nesting events weighed on average 58.0 ± 4.6 g at the final weigh-in a day in 136 monitored nesting cavities were recorded before leaving the nest, exceeding the average body mass during the three reproduction seasons (Table 4). Most of adults in the breeding season, where the body mass nesting cavities were home to only a single breed- of males was 52.0 ± 2.4 g (n = 6) and that of females was ing event (n = 113 nests), while 55 were home to two 54.4 ± 3.4 g (n = 17) (Table 7). The parental pair removed (n = 110 nests), and 11 were home to three complete and fecal sacs from the nest in the days following the hatching consecutive reproductive events (n = 33 nests), high- of chicks and covered feces along the tunnel floor with lighting the reutilization of cavities within and across several materials as the nestlings grew and the defecation breeding seasons. It was seen that certain cavities were rate increased. The time spent in the cavity by the parents used throughout the year, whereas others were used decreased as the days passed. The parents remained near only during the reproductive season. As a rule, cavities the nesting cavity on the day that the nestlings left the that were used repeatedly during the breeding season nest but were not seen feeding the nestlings. No differwere also used in the non-breeding season. The clutch ences were found in the average morphometric measuresize ranged from 1 to 3 eggs. Three eggs were recorded in ments between the sexes in adults of C. pabsti (Table 7). most of the nests (81%) (Table 5), two eggs in 4.8% of the Figure 8 shows the 148-day breeding chronology nests (n = 14 nests), and only one egg in 1% of the nests of C. pabsti in the 2010-2011 breeding season. It began (n = 3 nests). No egg-laying was observed in 15 finished with the first egg laid on August 15, 2010, and ended nests, while 24 nest cavities were inaccessible (Table 5). with fledgling by the last nestling on January 9, 2011. The eggs of C. pabsti (n = 155) obtained from 57 nests The duration of the reproductive phases of C. pabsti during the three breeding seasons were elliptical in (incubation, nestling, and interval between two reshape, with a pure, translucent white coloration (Table 6). productive events) did not seem to vary a lot between The length ranged from 22.2 to 29.6 mm (27.2 ± 1.3 mm), pairs and breeding events. The incubation phase in the breadth from 17.4 to 22.4 mm (20.9 ± 0.8 mm), and the first reproductive event (n = 25 nests) ranged from the mass from 3.0 to 8.0 g (6.1 ± 0.7 g) (Table 6). 17 to 19 days (17.2 ± 0.5 days) and the nestling phase The nestlings hatched with their ears open and eyes (n = 23 nests) from 17 to 22 days (18.4 ± 1.8 days), while sealed. Hatching was highly synchronous within each the interval between the first and second reproductive
Figure 5A-5F in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 5A-5F. Physical characteristics of cavities used by Cinclodes pabsti as nesting cavities between 2008 and 2011 in Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil. (5A) number of nesting cavities by soil/substrate types; (5B) number of cavities by distance class interval of cavity entrance from the top of road cuts; (5C) number of cavities by height class interval of cavity entrance from ground; (5D) number of cavities by depth class intervals; (5E) number of cavities by height class interval of cavity entrance; and (5F) number of cavities by width class interval of cavity entrance.
Figure 4 in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 4. Venn diagram showing the reuse of cavities by Cinclodes pabsti between the breeding seasons of 2008-2009, 2009-2010, and 2010-2011 in Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil.
Figure 2A-2B in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 2A-2B. Hand-held net used to capture adult birds of Cinclodes pabsti in their nests in the breeding seasons of 2008-2011 in Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil.
Figure 3A-3D in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 3A-3D. Road cuts with the presence of holes used by Cinclodes pabsti as nesting cavities in the breeding seasons of 2008-2011 in Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil. (3A) road cut with the presence of one nesting cavity in the B horizon of Inceptisol; (3B) researcher taking the measurements of the hole; (3C) road cut with the presence of several cavities side by side in the thin organic soil layer; (3D) detail of cavity proximity from the top of the road cut.
Figure 8 in Breeding biology of Long-tailed Cinclodes Cinclodes pabsti Sick, 1969 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae)
Figure 8. Breeding chronology of Cinclodes pabsti during the breeding season of 2010-2011 based on the monitoring of eight nests in three nesting cavities in Campos de Cima da Serra, southern Brazil. Scheme of phenophases based on Faria et al. (2008), evidencing: 08/15/2011 – Beginning of the 2010-2011 breeding season with the laying of the first egg in the nest of nesting cavity NC09 [Nesting Cavity 09]; 08/18/2010 – Beginning of the incubation phase of three eggs in the nest of the nesting cavity NC09 [Nesting Cavity 09]; and 01/09/2011 – End of the 2010-2011 breeding season with the nestlings fledgling from the nesting cavity NC10 [Nesting Cavity 10].
Depleted lean body mass after crossing an ecological barrier differentially affects stopover duration and refueling rate among species of long-distance migratory birds
<p>During the long-distance migratory flights of birds, lean mass breakdown occurs in concert with fat catabolism and is expected to have repercussions on total stopover duration because birds require time to rebuild lean tissue before accumulating fat reserves. Despite this, little is known about the role of in-flight lean mass breakdown on stopover duration because direct measurements are restricted by the destructive nature of traditional body composition analysis and the technological limitations of tracking small birds over large expanses. We used non-lethal, non-invasive Quantitative Magnetic Resonance technology and plasma metabolite profiling to measure the body composition and physiological state of free-living birds captured at a migratory stopover site after flight across the Gulf of Mexico, and an automated radiotelemetry array covering ~5000 km<sup>2</sup> to track stopover duration and regional movements. We tested whether stopover duration is prolonged in individuals arriving with lower lean mass and investigated how lean mass affects regional movements. Stopover duration decreased by 22% for each additional gram of lean mass in Northern Waterthrush (Parkesia noveboracensis), but this relationship was not apparent in Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus), Gray-cheeked Thrush (Catharus minimus), or Yellow-billed Cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus), even though these species also arrived with depleted lean mass. Stopover duration increased for Swainson's Thrush with higher plasma uric acid, a marker of protein catabolism. Northern Waterthrush with higher plasma triglycerides had longer stopovers. Our findings suggest that migratory birds may compensate for substantial lean mass losses by increasing refueling rate or relocating habitat, and highlights species-level differences in lean mass breakdown and the associated impacts on physiological function. Our results highlight the strategies used by different species to recover from a trans-Gulf of Mexico flight and resume migration, which improves our understanding of the annual cycle of migratory birds.</p>
Has long-distance flight ability been maintained by pigeons in highly insular habitats?
<p>Aim: A reduction in dispersal ability has been thought to be a general trend for island land birds because of their physical isolation to a limited area, scarcity of predators, and ability to forage without flight in island habitats. However, recent studies have indicated that long-distance dispersal among island habitats may be maintained in island pigeon populations, which may be related to unstable food resource availability on a single island. Here, we investigated whether pigeons could maintain their long-distance dispersal ability to move among islands within the archipelago, even in highly insular conditions, by comparing two subspecies of Japanese wood pigeon (<em>Columba</em> <em>janthina</em>) distributed on islands with different levels of insularity.</p> <p>Location: The Ogasawara, Izu and Nansei Islands in the north-western Pacific Ocean</p> <p>Taxon: Japanese wood pigeon (<em>Columba janthina</em>)</p> <p>Methods: We compared morphological traits related to dispersal potential between the two subspecies: <em>C. j. janthina</em> and <em>C. j. nitens</em>. We performed phylogenetic and population genetic analyses based on genomic markers to indirectly assess dispersal ability via the rate of gene flow and determine how long <em>C. j.nitens</em> in a more insular habitat have been isolated for a long time.</p> <p>Results: <em>C. j. nitens</em> had a wing shape that was better suited for long-distance flight than that of <em>C. j. janthina</em>. Both subspecies maintained sufficient gene flow among the islands within their habitat archipelagos, with no evidence of isolation by distance. The divergence time of the two subspecies was 0.67 million years ago, which was sufficient to reduce dispersiveness compared to other cases of island land birds. </p> <p>Main conclusion: We showed that long-distance flight can be maintained under highly insular conditions despite long-term isolation from the ancestral populations. This indicates that the strategy of maintaining dispersal ability may also be possible in island systems, where organisms have repeatedly and globally shown reduced dispersal ability. Although further studies are required to reveal its evolutionary processes, our study provides an exceptional case for island birds' biogeography.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.