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13,017 results for “Positionning”
FIGURE 1 in The phylogenetic position of Gallinuloides Eastman (Aves: Galliformes) from the Tertiary of North America
FIGURE 1. The holotype and only currently described specimen of Gallinuloides wyomingensis Eastman held in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (MCZ), number 2221. Scale bar is 10 mm.
Data from: Positive selection of deleterious alleles through interaction with a sex-ratio suppressor gene in African buffalo: a plausible new mechanism for a high frequency anomaly
Although generally rare, deleterious alleles can become common through genetic drift, hitchhiking or reductions in selective constraints. Here we present a possible new mechanism that explains the attainment of high frequencies of deleterious alleles in the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) population of Kruger National Park, through positive selection of these alleles that is ultimately driven by a sex-ratio suppressor. We have previously shown that one in four Kruger buffalo has a Y-chromosome profile that, despite being associated with low body condition, appears to impart a relative reproductive advantage, and which is stably maintained through a sex-ratio suppressor. Apparently, this sex-ratio suppressor prevents fertility reduction that generally accompanies sex-ratio distortion. We hypothesize that this body-condition-associated reproductive advantage increases the fitness of alleles that negatively affect male body condition, causing genome-wide positive selection of these alleles. To investigate this we genotyped 459 buffalo using 17 autosomal microsatellites. By correlating heterozygosity with body condition (heterozygosity-fitness correlations), we found that most microsatellites were associated with one of two gene types: one with elevated frequencies of deleterious alleles that have a negative effect on body condition, irrespective of sex; the other with elevated frequencies of sexually antagonistic alleles that are negative for male body condition but positive for female body condition. Positive selection and a direct association with a Y-chromosomal sex-ratio suppressor are indicated, respectively, by allele clines and by relatively high numbers of homozygous deleterious alleles among sex-ratio suppressor carriers. This study, which employs novel statistical techniques to analyse heterozygosity-fitness correlations, is the first to demonstrate the abundance of sexually-antagonistic genes in a natural mammal population. It also has important implications for our understanding not only of the evolutionary and ecological dynamics of sex-ratio distorters and suppressors, but also of the functioning of deleterious and sexually-antagonistic alleles, and their impact on population viability.
Data from: Factors that can affect the spatial positioning of large and small individuals in clusters of sit-and-wait predators
<p>Shadow competition, the interception of prey by sit-and-wait predators closest to the source of prey arrival, is prevalent in clusters of sit-and-wait predators. Peripheral positions in the cluster receive more prey and should thus be more frequently occupied. Models predicting spatial positioning in groups, however, usually ignore variability among group members. Here, I used a simulation model to determine conditions under which small and large sit-and-wait predators, which differ in their attack range, should differ in their spatial positions in the cluster. Small predators occupied peripheral positions more frequently than large predators at the simulation beginning, while the opposite held true as time advanced. Due to the large and small attack range of large and small predators respectively, small predators mistakenly relocated away from peripheral positions, while large predators did not relocate fast enough from inferior central positions. Any factor that moderated the frequent relocations of small predators or had the opposite effect on large predators assisted small or large predators respectively to reach the more profitable peripheral positions. Furthermore, any factor elevating shadow competition led to longer occupation of the periphery by large predators. This model may explain why sit-and-wait predators are not homogenously distributed in space according to size.</p>
Development of a versatile source apportionment analysis based on positive matrix factorization: a case study of the seasonal variation of organic aerosol sources in Estonia
<p>This work presents an advanced source apportionment approach that estimates the uncertainties of the positive matrix factorization model. The selection of the environmentally meaningful solutions is challenging in such models and a systematic approach to identify and sort the factors is important. We applied this method to a novel data set covering one yearly cycle at three sites in Estonia. The main results showed that biomass burning dominates in winter, while biogenic sources prevail in summer.</p>
Raw Data for Studies 1 and 2 in False-Positive Psychology
<p>Excel file containing data for experiments 1 and 2 reported http://pss.sagepub.com/content/22/11/1359.short</p> <p> </p>
Indoor Positioning Database
<p>Database containing measurements from wireless networks.</p>
Red Queen processes drive positive selection on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes
<p>The dataset for the manuscript "Red Queen processes drive positive selection on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes" submitted to PLOS Computational Biology. The dataset is packed in ZIP archive 'MHC_PosSel_dataset.zip' and contain the results of the simulation model.</p>
Kepler photometry used in KOI false positive probability calculations
<p>This is the Kepler photometry that can be used to reproduce the calculations of the Morton+ (2016) KOI FPP analysis. See instructions at the koi-fpp repository for use.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Morphology and systematic position of Cingula tumidula G. O. Sars, 1878 (Gastropoda: Rissoidae)
FIGURE 1. Shells of Pusillina tumidula. A. Barents Sea, Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69°07.92'N, 36°05.45'E, MMBI, no number; B. Barents Sea, Malaya Sharkovka Bay, 27 m, 69°12.57'N, 34°54.31'E, MMBI, no number; C. Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69°15.61'N, 57°22.76'E, MMBI, no number; D, E. Holotype of Cingula tumidula, ZMO D659; E. after Sars (1878); F. specimen from the type sample of Punctulum minutuim labeled as "paratype", ZIN 35667/2; G. Lectotype of Rissoa griegi, ZMB 20857; H. Holotype of Punctulum minutum, ZIN 35666/1. Scale = 1 mm.
FIGURES 1–3. Thulinius itoi comb. nov. 1 in Thulinius itoi comb. nov. a new systematic position for Isohypsibius itoi (Tsurusaki, 1980) (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae)
FIGURES 1–3. Thulinius itoi comb. nov. 1—buccal apparatus (lateral view, arrow indicates the peribuccal lamellae, note also the crest-shaped apophyses for the insertion of the stylet muscles), 2 —claws III (note lunules and accessory points), 3—claws III (arrowhead indicates the cuticular bar below the claws).
FIGURE 10 in A new genus and species of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from southern Tunisia, with discussion of its phylogenetic position
FIGURE 10. Cladogram representing the relationships between the new genus Africoseiulella and morphologically close genera. The numbers at nodes correspond to bootstrap values / rescaled Bremer indices. For each branch, the apomorphies are listed (see Table 1).
FIGURES 7–8 in A new genus and species of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from southern Tunisia, with discussion of its phylogenetic position
FIGURES 7–8. Africoseiulella flechtmanni gen. nov., sp. nov. 7. Male, chelicera. 8, Deutonymph, dorsal shield.
FIGURES 3–4 in A new genus and species of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from southern Tunisia, with discussion of its phylogenetic position
FIGURES 3–4. Africoseiulella flechtmanni gen. nov., sp. nov. female. 3. Hypostome, palps and chelicerae, 4. Spermatheca.Legs without macrosetae.
FIGURES 4–6 in The relationship and taxonomic position of the genera Apolophus and Scolomus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
FIGURES 4–6. Scolomus borealis; 4, habitus; 5, anterior view of head; 6, dorsal view of propodeum and tergite 1.
FIGURES 1–3 in The relationship and taxonomic position of the genera Apolophus and Scolomus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
FIGURES 1–3. Scolomus magellanicus: 1, habitus; 2, anterior view of head; 3, dorsal view of propodeum and tergite 1.
FIGURE 49 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)
FIGURE 49. Known distribution of Oemona:, O. separata;, O. simplicicollis;, O. hirta;, O. plicicollis.
FIGURE 2 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)
FIGURE 2. Head and prosternum of Oemona hirta, lateral view, male: cap, carina of prosternum; p, pronotum; a, antenna; f, front femur.
FIGURE 1 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)
FIGURE 1. Head of Oemona separata, front view: a, antennal socket; ac, anteclypeus; c, carina; dap, distance between antennal socket and lateral angle of postclypeus; del, distance between lower lobes of eyes; deu, distance between upper lobes of eyes; dg, distance between genae; g, gena; hw, head width; l, labrum; m, mandible; pc, postclypeus; tg, transverse groove between tentorial pits.
FIGURES 9–16 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)
FIGURES 9–16. Terminalia of Oemona separata: 9, median lobe and internal sac: dl, dorsal lobe; vl, ventral lobe; sr, spined region; ur, basal unspined region; S1, first spined section; S2, second spined section; S3, third spined section; 10, male eighth sternite; 11, male eighth tergite; 12, tegmen: pa, paramere; rf, roof; 13, ventral apodeme; 14, ovipositor: pb, proctiger baculus; pab, paraproct baculus; db, dorsal baculus; cox, coxite; sty, stylus; 15, spermatheca, sg, spermathecal gland; 16, female eighth sternite. sm, simple microspines; ms, multibranched spines. Scale lines for Figs 9–14, 16 = 1 mm; scale lines for Fig. 15 = 0.4 mm.
FIGURES 3–8 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)
FIGURES 3–8. Forms of spines on internal sac of male genitalia: 3, simple spines; 4, long simple spines; 5, hairlike spines; 6, sawshaped spines; 7, multibranched spines; 8, fingershaped spines.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.