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15,733 results for “article”
Dataset related to article "Nivolumab in disadvantaged subgroups of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer patients: a single-institution experience."
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> Immunotherapy opened new frontiers in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer treatment, but not all patients benefit from it. <strong>Methods:</strong> We retrospectively evaluated 65 metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer patients, treated with nivolumab, considering as disadvantaged subgroups those with poor performance status, elderly, patients with brain metastases at baseline, with high disease burden and refractory to platinum. <strong>Results:</strong> No differences in overall survival or time to treatment failure were found according to performance status, age, presence of brain metastases at baseline or high disease burden. Conversely, patients refractory to platinum had a statistically significant shorter overall survival and time to treatment failure. At multivariate analysis only platinum resistance was confirmed as an independent predictive factor. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Our study suggests that only refractoriness to platinum salts influence the efficacy of nivolumab.</p>
Dataset related to article "The Potential Role of Intensity-modulated Proton Therapy in the Regional Nodal Irradiation of Breast Cancer: A Treatment Planning Study."
<p>AIMS:</p> <p>To investigate the role of intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) for regional nodal irradiation in patients with breast carcinoma in comparison with volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT).</p> <p>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</p> <p>A cohort of 20 patients (10 in the breast-conserving surgery group and 10 post-mastectomy patients with tissue expander implants) was investigated. Proton plans were also computed using robust optimisation methods. Plan quality was assessed by means of dose-volume histograms and scored with conventional metrics. Estimates of the risk of secondary cancer induction (excess absolute risk, EAR) were carried out, taking into account fractionation, repopulation and repair.</p> <p>RESULTS:</p> <p>Concerning target coverage, the data proved a substantial equivalence of VMAT and IMPT: for example, coverage for the 50 Gy target, expressed in terms of V<sub>98%</sub>, was 47.8 ± 0.4, 47.6 ± 0.4, 47.3 ± 0.8, consistent with the objective of 47.5 Gy, for post-mastectomy patients for the three groups of patients. Also, the conformality of the dose distributions was similar for the two techniques, about 1.1, without statistically significant differences. Organ at risk planning aims were achieved for all structures for both techniques. The mean dose to the ipsilateral lung was 10.8 ± 1.1, 6.2 ± 0.8, 7.2 ± 1.0; for the contralateral lung was 3.2 ± 0.7, 0.3 ± 0.2, 0.4 ± 0.2; for the contralateral breast was: 3.1 ± 0.7, 0.3 ± 0.3 and 0.3 ± 0.3, whereas it was 3.9 ± 0.9, 0.4 ± 0.3 and 0.5 ± 0.5, respectively, for the heart for VMAT, IMPT and robust IMPT plans over the whole group of patients. Robust optimisation affected the near-to-maximum dose values for contralateral lung and breast, the mean dose for the heart and ipsilateral lung, with a deterioration ranging from 20 to 40% of the nominal value of IMPT plans (e.g. from 8.1 ± 6.4 to 11.4 ± 8.8 for the heart compared with 16.2 ± 5.2 for the VMAT plans). The numerical values of EAR per 10 000 patient-years were about one order of magnitude higher for VMAT than for IMPT for contralateral structures: 11.66 ± 2.01, 0.89 ± 0.80, 0.98 ± 0.77 for the contralateral breast and the three groups of plans, respectively; 14.31 ± 2.75, 1.42 ± 0.80, 1.78 ± 0.87 for the contralateral lung; and 34.86 ± 2.64, 18.85 ± 2.15, 20.98 ± 2.35 for the ipsilateral lung.</p> <p>CONCLUSION:</p> <p>IMPT with or without robust optimisation seems to be a potentially promising approach for the radiation treatment of breast cancer when nodal volumes should be irradiated. This was measured in terms of dosimetric advantage and predicted clinical benefit. In fact, the significant reduction in estimated EAR could add further clinical value to the dosimetric sparing of the organs at risk achievable with IMPT.</p>
Partial dataset related to the article: "Fibrosis Rescue Improves Cardiac Function in Dystrophin-Deficient Mice and Duchenne Patient-Specific Cardiomyocytes by Immunoproteasome Modulation".
<p>This record contains raw data related to the article: "Fibrosis Rescue Improves Cardiac Function in Dystrophin-Deficient Mice and Duchenne Patient-Specific Cardiomyocytes by Immunoproteasome Modulation".</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>Patients affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) develop a progressive dilated cardiomyopathy<br> characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, and cardiac fibrosis. Standard<br> treatments consider the use of b-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors that are<br> symptomatic and unspecific toward DMD disease. Medications that target DMD cardiac fibrosis are<br> in the early stages of development. We found immunoproteasome dysregulation in affected hearts<br> of mdx mice (murine animal model of DMD) and cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent<br> stem cells of patients with DMD. Interestingly, immunoproteasome inhibition ameliorated cardiomyopathy<br> in mdx mice and reduced the development of cardiac fibrosis. Establishing the<br> immunoproteasome inhibitionedependent cardioprotective role suggests the possibility of modulating<br> the immunoproteasome as new and clinically relevant treatment to rescue dilated cardiomyopathy<br> in patients with DMD.</p>
Dataset related to article "Predicting survival and local control after radiochemotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer by means of computed tomography based radiomics."
<p>PURPOSE:</p> <p>To appraise the ability of a radiomics signature to predict clinical outcome after definitive radiochemotherapy (RCT) of stage III-IV head and neck cancer.</p> <p>METHODS:</p> <p>A cohort of 110 patients was included in a retrospective analysis. Radiomics texture features were extracted from the gross tumor volumes contoured on planning computed tomography (CT) images. The cohort of patients was randomly divided into a training (70 patients) and a validation (40 patients) cohorts. Textural features were correlated to survival and control data to build predictive models. All the significant predictors of the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate model. The quality of the models was appraised by means of the concordance index (CI).</p> <p>RESULTS:</p> <p>A signature with 3 features was identified as predictive of overall survival (OS) with CI = 0.88 and 0.90 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. A signature with 2 features was identified for progression-free survival (PFS; CI = 0.72 and 0.80); 2 features also characterized the signature for local control (LC; CI = 0.72 and 0.82). In all cases, the stratification in high- and low-risk groups for the training and validation cohorts led to significant differences in the actuarial curves. In the validation cohort the mean OS times (in months) were 78.9 ± 2.1 vs 67.4 ± 6.0 in the low- and high-risk groups, respectively, the PFS was 73.1 ± 3.7 and 50.7 ± 7.2, while the LC was 78.7 ± 2.1 and 63.9 ± 6.5.</p> <p>CONCLUSION:</p> <p>CT-based radiomic signatures that correlate with survival and control after RCT were identified and allow low- and high-risk groups of patients to be identified.</p>
Dataset related to article "Impact of hypofractionated schemes in radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer patients."
<p>OBJECTIVE:</p> <p>To analyze two cohorts of locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC) patients treated with two schedules of hypofractionated radiotherapy and 5 versus 3 mm clinical target volume-planning target volume (CTV-PTV) margins.</p> <p>METHODS:</p> <p>145 patients were included. The patient cohort was divided into two groups. Group A included 97 patients treated with 69.96/54.45 grays (Gy) to the high-risk and low-risk volumes, respectively, in 33 fractions, with 5 mm margins. Group B included 48 patients treated with 66/54 Gy in 30 fractions using 3 mm margins. Toxicity was recorded according to the Common Toxicity Criteria version 3. Patient outcomes for locoregional control (LRC), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were determined.</p> <p>RESULTS:</p> <p>Median follow-up was 26 months. In terms of toxicity, acute dysphagia worsened significantly (P = 0.003) in group B, whereas acute salivary toxicity tended to significance (P = 0.071). No significant late toxicity differences were recorded. Rates of LRC at 1 and 2 years were 90.1% ± 2.6% and 84.2% ± 3.4%, respectively, with superiority for group A (P = 0.045). The statistical significance remained for the low-dose level (P = 0.007) but not for high dose (P = 0.110). Rates of DFS at 1 and 2 years were 84.9% ± 3.1% and 76.5% ± 3.9%, respectively, whereas rates of OS were 95.9% ± 1.8% and 91.6% ± 2.7%, respectively. No differences were observed between the two groups in terms of DFS (P = 0.270) and OS (P = 0.152).</p> <p>CONCLUSION:</p> <p>The use of reduced CTV to PTV margins and dose reduction with hypofractionation schedule can improve the pattern of toxicity in LAHNC patients. This approach resulted in an increased rate of locoregional progression, particularly in low-risk regions.</p> <p>LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:</p> <p>4 Laryngoscope, 2019.</p>
Dataset related to article "Postmastectomy radiation therapy using VMAT technique for breast cancer patients with expander reconstruction."
<p>Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) following immediate breast reconstruction is increasingly adopted in the management of breast cancer patients. We retrospectively evaluate the complication rates of PMRT using VMAT technique to immediate tissue expander-based reconstructions and the possible impact of tissue expander volume on radiotherapy planning. We reviewed the data of patients who underwent immediate expander breast reconstruction and received PMRT with VMAT (50 Gy in 25 fractions) on the reconstructed breast and axillary levels III-IV. Neoadjuvant or adjuvant systemic therapy was administered in most of the patients. Autologous fat grafting was routinely performed at the time of second-stage reconstruction. Between 2015 and 2017, PMRT was delivered to 46 consecutive patients (median age 50 years) with expander reconstruction. Median follow-up was 27 months (range 10-41). Two patients (4.3%) had a reconstruction failure, as expander rupture and infection, following the first- and the second-stage reconstruction, respectively. In most cases expanders were completely inflated before PMRT (65.2%). Median expander volume before PMRT was 425 cm<sup>3</sup> (range 150-700 cm<sup>3</sup>). The amount of expander inflation did not significantly affect dosimetry, except for skin dose, with a surface receiving more than 30 Gy of 36.6 ± 0.9 cm<sup>2</sup> and 47.0 ± 2.5 cm<sup>2</sup> for a volume expander below or above the median, respectively. However, this variable was not predictor for complications. Disease progression was recorded in 15.2% of patients. PMRT using VMAT technique for breast cancer patients with expander reconstruction is associated with a very low complication rate. The expander volume before PMRT does not significantly compromise radiotherapy dose distribution.</p>
Dataset related to article "Assessing the Feasibility and Accuracy of High-resolution Microultrasound Imaging for Bladder Cancer Detection and Staging"
<p>BACKGROUND:</p> <p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as a staging tool for bladder cancer (BC), but its use has been limited by its high costs and limited availability. Microultrasound (mUS) is a novel technology capable of providing high-resolution images of the prostate.</p> <p>OBJECTIVE:</p> <p>To test the feasibility of high-resolution mUS in patients diagnosed with BC and its ability to differentiate between non-muscle-invasive BC (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive BC (MIBC).</p> <p>DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:</p> <p>This is an observational prospective study performed in 23 patients with a diagnosis of primary BC scheduled for an endoscopic treatment.</p> <p>SURGICAL PROCEDURE:</p> <p>Micro-US was performed before transurethral resection of bladder tumor using the ExactVu system with an EV29L 29-MHz side-fire transducer (Exact Imaging, Markham, Canada).</p> <p>MEASUREMENTS:</p> <p>The endpoints were to test the feasibility, describe the normal bladder wall anatomy, identify the lesions, and compare the mUS findings with the histopathological results.</p> <p>RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS:</p> <p>Micro-US was accurate in differentiating the three layers of the bladder wall in all cases. Bladder cancers were clearly identified as heterogeneous structures protruding from the normal bladder wall. In 14 cases the lesions appeared confined to the lamina propria, and in all cases NMIBC was confirmed by the final pathological report. In the other patients, the lesions seemed to extend into the muscular layer, but MIBC was confirmed in five out of seven cases (71.4%) from the pathologist. The small sample size was the main limitation of the current study.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS:</p> <p>Our findings showed that mUS is able to differentiate the bladder wall layers and identify the bladder cancer stage. Further studies with a larger population and imaging correlation with MRI are warranted before its introduction in clinical practice.</p> <p>PATIENT SUMMARY:</p> <p>In this report, a new imaging technique was tested for the characterization of bladder cancer. Microultrasound appears to be feasible and capable of discriminating between superficial and invasive tumors</p>
Dataset related to article "Peripheral Blood Stem Cells versus Bone Marrow for T Cell-Replete Haploidentical Transplantation with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide in Hodgkin Lymphoma."
<p>Haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) represents a potential curative strategy for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) when a matched related or unrelated donor is not available. The role of graft source, either bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), in this setting has not been fully elucidated. We performed a retrospective study on 91 patients with HL to compare the outcome after BM (n = 53) or PBSC (n = 38) transplant. Eighty-nine patients engrafted with no difference between BM and PBSCs in terms of median time for neutrophil (20 versus 20 days, P = .405) and platelet (26 versus 26.5 days, P = .994) engraftment. With a median follow-up of 40.2 months, 100-day cumulative incidences of grades II to IV acute graft-versus host disease (GVHD) and grades II to IV acute GVHD were 24% and 4%, respectively. Graft source was not associated with a different risk of acute GVHD both by univariate and multivariate analyses. Consistently, 1-year cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 7% with no differences between the 2 graft types (P = .761). Two-year rates of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), nonrelapse mortality, and GVHD/relapse-free survival (GRFS) were 67%, 58%, 20%, and 52%, respectively. By univariate analysis, pretransplant disease status was the main variable affecting all outcomes. By multivariate analysis, PBSCs resulted in a protective factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR], .29; P = .006), PFS (HR, .38; P = .001), and GRFS (HR, .44; P = .020). The other independent variables affecting the final outcome were pretransplant disease status and hematopoietic cell transplant-specific comorbidity index. In conclusion, when planning a haplo-SCT with PT-Cy for patients with poor-risk HL, graft type is an important variable to take into account when selecting the best available donor.</p>
Dataset related to article "PET/CT radiomics in breast cancer: promising tool for prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy."
<p>PURPOSE:</p> <p>To assess the role of radiomics parameters in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.</p> <p>METHODS:</p> <p>Seventy-nine patients who had undergone pretreatment staging <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT and treatment with NAC between January 2010 and January 2018 were included in the study. Primary lesions on PET images were delineated, and extraction of first-, second-, and higher-order imaging features was performed using LIFEx software. The relationship between these parameters and pCR to NAC was analyzed by multiple logistic regression models.</p> <p>RESULTS:</p> <p>Nineteen patients (24%) had pCR to NAC. Different models were generated on complete information and imputed datasets, using univariable and multivariable logistic regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) regression. All models could predict pCR to NAC, with area under the curve values ranging from 0.70 to 0.73. All models agreed that tumor molecular subtype is the primary predictor of the primary endpoint.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS:</p> <p>Our models predicted that patients with subtype 2 and subtype 3 (HER2+ and triple negative, respectively) are more likely to have a pCR to NAC than those with subtype 1 (luminal). The association between PET imaging features and pCR suggested that PET imaging features could be considered as potential predictors of pCR in locally advanced breast cancer patients.</p>
Dataset related to article "Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours: The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound Biopsy in Diagnosis and Grading Based on the WHO 2017 Classification."
<p>One of the controversial issues in the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (pNETs) is the accurate prediction of their clinical behaviour.</p> <p>OBJECTIVES:</p> <p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) biopsy in the diagnosis and grading of pNETs in a certified ENETS Center.</p> <p>METHODS:</p> <p>A prospectively maintained database of EUS biopsy procedures was retrospectively reviewed to identify all consecutive patients referred to a certified ENETS Center with a suspicion of pNET between June 2014 and April 2017. The cytological and/or histological specimens were stained and the Ki-67 labeling index was evaluated. In patients undergoing surgery, the grade obtained with EUS-guided biopsy was compared with the final histological grade. The grade was evaluated according to the 2017 WHO classifications and grading.</p> <p>RESULTS:</p> <p>The study population included 59 patients. EUS biopsy material reached an adequacy of 98.3% and was adequate for Ki-67 evaluation in 84.7% of cases. Twenty-nine patients (49.2%) underwent surgery. Of these, 25 patients had Ki-67 evaluated on EUS biopsy: the agreement between EUS biopsy grading and surgical specimen grading was 84%.</p> <p>CONCLUSION:</p> <p>EUS biopsy is an accurate method for the diagnosis and grading of pNETs based on the WHO 2017 Ki-67 labelling scheme.</p>
Dataset related to article "Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Macrophages in Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma. Impact on Prognosis after Complete Surgery."
<p>BACKGROUND:</p> <p>Immune infiltrate impacts prognosis of several tumors. To assess the prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages in patients undergoing resection for intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC).</p> <p>METHODS:</p> <p>All consecutive patients undergoing surgery for ICC between 2008 and 2016 were considered. Inclusion criteria were complete resection and follow-up > 12 months. Tissue sections were immunostained for CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, Foxp3+, and CD68+. The number of positive cells was quantified using a computer-aided image analysis system. Different cut-off values were tested as predictors of overall survival (OS).</p> <p>RESULTS:</p> <p>Fifty-three patients were analyzed. ICC were T1 in 28 patients, multifocal in 11, and N+ in 13. After a median follow-up of 42 months, 5-year OS was 52.1%. The following immune infiltrate values were associated with better OS: CD3+ > 0.10% (5-year OS 63.3% vs. 13.6% if ≤ 0.10%, p = 0.001); CD8+ > 0.10% (56.2% vs. 28.6% if ≤ 0.10%, p = 0.051); Foxp3+ absent (59.4% vs. 16.0% if present, p = 0.049). CD4+ and CD68+ infiltrates were not associated with OS. Three-year OS rates in patients with 0, 1, and ≥ 2 negative prognostic factors were 73.6%, 47.3%, and 14.3%, respectively (p < 0.001). CD3+ infiltrate stratified prognosis in T1 tumors (3-year OS 71.7% if CD3+ > 0.10% vs. 14.3% if ≤ 0.10%, p < 0.001).</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS:</p> <p>Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with prognosis of ICC patients after complete surgery. CD3+ and CD8+ infiltrate is associated with higher survival and lower recurrence risk, while Foxp3+ infiltrate is associated with worse prognosis. CD3+ infiltrate allows refining prediction of prognosis in early tumors.</p>
Dataset related to article "Contrast imaging techniques to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotics outside regular surveillance."
<p>I</p> <p>NTRODUCTION AND AIM:</p> <p>The American Association for the Study of the Liver (AASLD) recommends contrast computerized tomography (CT-scan) and magnetic resonance (MRI) to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising in cirrhotic patients under semiannual surveillance with abdominal ultrasound (US). A US guided fine needle biopsy (FNB) serves the same purpose in radiologically undiagnosed tumors and incidentally detected nodules in cirrhotics outside surveillance. In this population, we evaluated the performance of radiological diagnosis of HCC according to 2010 AASLD recommendations.</p> <p>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</p> <p>All cirrhotic patients with a liver nodule incidentally detected by US were prospectively investigated with a sequential application of CT-scan/MRI examination and a FNB.</p> <p>RESULTS:</p> <p>Between 2011 and 2015, 94 patients (mean age 67 years) had a liver nodule (total 120) detected by US in the context of histologically confirmed cirrhosis. Mean nodules diameter was 40 (10-160) mm, 87 (73%) <5cm. At histology, 84 (70%) nodules were HCC, 8 (7%) intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 6 (5%) metastases, 2 (2%) neuroendocrine tumors and 20 (16%) benign lesions. Hyperenhancement in arterial phase followed by wash-out in venous phases on at least one radiological technique was demonstrated in 62 nodules (61 HCC, 1 high grade dysplastic nodule), with a specificity of 97% (IC95%: 85-100%), sensitivity 73% (IC95%: 62-81%) and diagnostic accuracy 80%, being 64% for ≥5cm HCC. Sensitivity of AFP >200ng/mL was 12% (IC95%: 6-23%).</p> <p>CONCLUSION:</p> <p>A single contrast imaging technique showing a typical contrast pattern confidently identifies HCC also in cirrhotic patients with an incidental liver nodule, thereby reducing the need for FNB examinations.</p>
Dataset related to article "Chemotherapy accelerates immune-senescence and functional impairments of Vδ2pos T cells in elderly patients affected by liver metastatic colorectal cancer."
<p>Human (gamma delta) γδ T cells are unconventional innate-like lymphocytes displaying a broad array of anti-tumor activities with promising perspectives in cancer immunotherapy. In this context, Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells represent the preferential target of several immunotherapy protocols against solid tumors. However, the impact of both aging and chemotherapy (CHT) on Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells is still unknown. The present study evaluates with multi-parametric flow cytometry the frequencies, terminal differentiation, senescence and effector-functions of peripheral blood and tumor infiltrating Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells purified from liver metastases (CLM) of patients affected by colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to those of sex- and age-matched healthy donors. The peripheral blood of CLM patients underwent CHT is characterized by decreased amounts of Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells showing a relative increase of terminally-differentiated CD27<sup>neg</sup>/CD45RA<sup>pos</sup> (T<sub>EMRA</sub>) cells. The enrichment of this latter subset is associated with an increased expression of the senescent marker CD57. The acquisition of CD57 on T<sub>EMRA</sub> Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells is also coupled with impairments in cytotoxicity and production of TNF-α and IFN-γ. These features resemble the acquisition of an immune-senescent profile by Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells from CLM patients that received CHT, a phenomenon that is also associated with the loss of the co-stimulatory marker CD28 and with the induced expression of CD16. The group of CLM patients underwent CHT and older than 60 years old showed higher frequencies of CD57<sup>pos</sup> and T<sub>EMRA</sub> Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells. Similar results were found for tumor infiltrating Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cell subset purified from CLM specimens of patients treated with CHT. The toxicity of CHT regimens also affects the homeostasis of Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells by inducing higher frequencies of circulating CD57<sup>pos</sup> T<sub>EMRA</sub> subset in CLM underwent CHT and younger than 60 years old. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the enrichment of senescent Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells in CLM patients is not only induced by patients' aging but also by the toxicity of CHT that further accelerates the accumulation of CD57<sup>pos</sup> T<sub>EMRA</sub> cells highly dysfunctional in their anti-tumor activities. These results are important to both predict the clinical outcome of CLM and to optimize those protocols of cell cancer immunotherapy employing unconventional Vδ2<sup>pos</sup> T cells.</p>
Dataset related to article "Regorafenib in patients with refractory metastatic pancreatic cancer: a Phase II study (RESOUND)."
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> Regorafenib may be active in different cancer types. This Phase II trial included patients with various refractory cancer types treated with regorafenib. Here, we report the results of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cohort. <strong>Methods:</strong> The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 8 weeks; further investigation of regorafenib would be warranted with a PFS rate ≥50%. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 20 patients were enrolled. The best response was stable disease in four patients (20%). The 8-week PFS rate was 25% with a median PFS of 1.7 months (95% CI: 1.5-2.0). A total of 13 patients (65%) experienced grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study did not meet its primary end point. Further investigation of regorafenib monotherapy in this setting is not recommended. <strong>Clinical Trial Registration:</strong> <a href="http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02307500">NCT02307500</a>.</p>
Dataset related to article "Survival outcome of tyrosine kinase inhibitors beyond progression in association to radiotherapy in oligoprogressive EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer."
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> The association of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and local radiotherapy in <em>EGFR</em>-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer patients experiencing disease progression under TKIs could be a valid an option. <strong>Patients & methods:</strong> We included 131 patients experiencing disease progression during first-line TKI. In group A, patients received TKI beyond progression and site(s) of progression were irradiated; in group B, patients remained on TKI alone beyond progression; and group C stopped TKI at first disease progression. <strong>Results:</strong> Median overall survival resulted longer in group A versus B and C (p < 0.0001). Group A had a trend toward a longer second progression-free survival (measured from the time of first progression until second progression) versus group B (p = 0.06). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> TKI beyond progression in association with local ablative treatment is a valid treatment option in oligoprogressive patients.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset related to article "Pretransplant active disease status and HLA class II mismatching are associated with increased incidence and severity of cytokine release syndrome after haploidentical transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide."
<p>Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) represents a life-threatening side effect after haploidentical stem cell transplantation (Haplo-SCT) with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy). Factors predictive of CRS development is still a matter of debate. We retrospectively analyzed 102 consecutive patients receiving a bone marrow (BM) (n = 42) or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) (n = 60) Haplo-SCT with PT-Cy. The two cohorts were similar in main patients' characteristics besides disease type (P = .02). Cumulative incidence of grades 1, 2, and ≥3 CRS was 80%, 52%, and 15% at a median of 2, 4, and 7 days, respectively. Moderate/High-grade fever (39°-41°), grade 1 and grade ≥3 CRS occurred more frequently after PBSC relative to BM grafts (68% vs 33%, P = .0005; 87% vs 71%, P = .009; 20% vs 7%, P = .07). Only patients experiencing grade ≥3 CRS had a worse outcome in terms of 1-year overall survival (OS) and nonrelapse mortality (NRM): 39% vs 80% (P = .002) and 40% vs 8% (P = .005), respectively. By univariate analysis the only factors associated with the increased risk of ≥3 CRS were pretransplant disease status (8% for complete remission, 11% for partial remission, and 38% for active disease, P = .002), HLA-DRB1 mismatching (57% vs 14%, P = .007), and PBSC graft (P = .07). By multivariable analysis, only pretransplant disease status (hazard ratio, HR: 6.84, P = .005) and HLA-DRB1 mismatching (HR: 17.19, P = .003) remained independent predictors of grade ≥3 CRS. Only grade ≥3 CRS is clinically relevant for the final outcome of patients receiving Haplo-SCT with PT-Cy, is more frequent after a PBSC graft and is associated with pretransplant active disease and HLA-DRB1 mismatching.</p>
Dataset related to article "Serum IFI16 and anti-IFI16 antibodies in psoriatic arthritis."
<p>Nuclear interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and anti-IFI16 antibodies have been detected in subjects with several rheumatic diseases, often correlating with disease severity, and in this study we investigated their prevalence and clinical associations in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared to psoriasis (Pso). We tested sera and synovial fluids of patients with PsA for IFI16 protein levels by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and for anti-IFI16 immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA by ELISA, protein radio-immunoprecipitation and immunoprecipitation-Western blot of IgG. Sera from patients with Pso and healthy subjects were used as controls, and in a subgroup of patients with PsA we also studied sera after treatment with etanercept. IFI16 was detectable in the sera of 66% of patients with Pso, 46% with PsA and 19% of controls. Among PsA cases, 51% of IFI16-positive cases had elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) compared to 31% of patients with undetectable IFI16. Anti-IFI16 of both IgG and IgA isoforms were detected with significantly higher frequency in PsA and Pso compared to healthy controls, with higher IgG titres in patients with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0·015). Immunoprecipitation confirmed the presence of anti-IFI16 IgG antibodies and these preferentially recognized epitopes outside the N-terminus of the protein. Lastly, IFI16 was detected in one of seven and anti-IFI16 in three of seven synovial fluids from patients with PsA. Therefore, IFI16 and anti-IFI16 are detectable in serum and synovial fluid of PsA patients, especially in cases of elevated CRP.</p>
Link to dataset related to article "FOXA2 controls the cis-regulatory networks of pancreatic cancer cells in a differentiation grade-specific manner."
<p>Differentiation of normal and tumor cells is controlled by regulatory networks enforced by lineage-determining transcription factors (TFs). Among them, TFs such as FOXA1/2 bind naïve chromatin and induce its accessibility, thus establishing new gene regulatory networks. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by the coexistence of well- and poorly differentiated cells at all stages of disease. How the transcriptional networks determining such massive cellular heterogeneity are established remains to be determined. We found that FOXA2, a TF controlling pancreas specification, broadly contributed to the cis-regulatory networks of PDACs. Despite being expressed in both well- and poorly differentiated PDAC cells, FOXA2 displayed extensively different genomic distributions and controlled distinct gene expression programs. Grade-specific functions of FOXA2 depended on its partnership with TFs whose expression varied depending on the differentiation grade. These data suggest that FOXA2 contributes to the regulatory networks of heterogeneous PDAC cells via interactions with alternative partner TFs.</p>
Dataset related to article "Re-education of Tumor-Associated Macrophages by CXCR2 Blockade Drives Senescence and Tumor Inhibition in Advanced Prostate Cancer."
<p>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent a major component of the tumor microenvironment supporting tumorigenesis. TAMs re-education has been proposed as a strategy to promote tumor inhibition. However, whether this approach may work in prostate cancer is unknown. Here we find that Pten-null prostate tumors are strongly infiltrated by TAMs expressing C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2), and activation of this receptor through CXCL2 polarizes macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Notably, pharmacological blockade of CXCR2 receptor by a selective antagonist promoted the re-education of TAMs toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Strikingly, CXCR2 knockout monocytes infused in Pten<sup>pc-/-</sup>; Trp53<sup>pc-/-</sup> mice differentiated in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-releasing pro-inflammatory macrophages, leading to senescence and tumor inhibition. Mechanistically, PTEN-deficient tumor cells are vulnerable to TNF-α-induced senescence, because of an increase of TNFR1. Our results identify TAMs as targets in prostate cancer and describe a therapeutic strategy based on CXCR2 blockade to harness anti-tumorigenic potential of macrophages against this disease.</p> <p> </p> <p>This dataset contain some prism documents, in order to help we attach a pdf information file about it</p>
Dataset related to article "Oocyte Cryopreservation in Oncological Patients: Eighteen Years Experience of a Tertiary Care Referral Center."
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of the present study is to report our experience on elective women fertility preservation before cancer treatment. <strong>Study Design:</strong> This is a single-center retrospective observational study, including all patients who underwent elective fertility preservation before oncological treatment between January 2001 and March 2019 at our Institute. <strong>Results:</strong> Of a total of 568 women who received fertility counseling, 244 (42.9%) underwent 252 oocyte retrieval cycles after controlled ovarian stimulation for cryopreservation. The majority of patients were diagnosed with breast cancer (59.9%), followed by women affected by Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (27.4%). A minority comprised patients diagnosed with other malignancies that affected soft tissues (2.8%), ovary borderline type (2.4%), digestive system (1.6%), leukemia (1.6%), uterine cervix (1.2%). The remaining 3.1% were affected by other cancer types. The mean age of the cohort was 31.3 ± 6.4 years and the mean oocyte retrieval was 13.5± 8.4. Of 11 women who returned to attempt a pregnancy, three performed two thawed cycles. We obtained four pregnancies from 24 embryo transfers (Pregnancy Rate 36.4% for couple): two miscarriages and two live births. Overall, 95.7% of oocytes are still in storage. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> A close collaboration between Cancer and Fertility Center in a tertiary care hospital is essential to provide a good health service in oncological patients. Offering fertility preservation is no longer considered optional and must be included in every therapeutic program for women who receive an oncological diagnosis in their reproductive age. Oocyte cryopreservation appears to be a good opportunity for fertility preservation. Our results, although they are obtained in a small sample, are encouraging, even if only 4.5% of patients returned to use their gametes.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.