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Fig. 9. Amynthas diffringens - A in Megascolex (Perichaeta) diffringens Baird, 1869 and Pheretima pingi Stephenson, 1925 types compared to the Amynthas corticis (Kinberg, 1867) and A. carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) species-groups (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae)

Fig. 9. Amynthas diffringens - A the previously dissected syntype showing prostomium, ventral habitus with spermathecae and prostates in situ and caecum 27rhs; X2 enlargements are of a 9lhs spermathea, 5/6/7/8/9rhs spemathecal pores and 18rhs male pore; B A. sanctaehelenae prostomium of previously dissected subadult type.

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Fig. 4. Amynthas corticis - specimens A in Megascolex (Perichaeta) diffringens Baird, 1869 and Pheretima pingi Stephenson, 1925 types compared to the Amynthas corticis (Kinberg, 1867) and A. carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) species-groups (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae)

Fig. 4. Amynthas corticis - specimens A from Arataki, New Zealand (providing DNA WM7 specimen in Auckland Museum) and B Korea (providing DNA WM9) plus male pores of its two sympatric specimens for comparison (specimens NIBRIV249903-4). Note: these superficially similar specimens separate genetically (see Fig. 1).

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Fig. 1. Phylotree from MEGA5 in Megascolex (Perichaeta) diffringens Baird, 1869 and Pheretima pingi Stephenson, 1925 types compared to the Amynthas corticis (Kinberg, 1867) and A. carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) species-groups (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae)

Fig. 1. Phylotree from MEGA5 program Maximum Likelihood defaults - sample codes explained in the Appendix; ◆- samples have figured specimens; ◇- ex GenBank. Appears to show significant genetic difference between specimens superficially compliant with broad A. corticis definition as discussed below that taxon herein. Synonym priority for either Gp 1 or Gp 2 is currently unresolved.

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Fig. 5. A in New earthworm species from NIBR's Jeju-do biosphere compared to historical and new Japanese types (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae)

Fig. 5. A. micronarius synonyms with Goto & Hatai's (1898: fig.1) original-top lhs; male field of specimen UMUTZ-Ann-OG-35 topotype (unproven syntype?)-top rhs; Pheretima obtusa from Ohfuchi's, 1937 text fig. 19-bottom rhs; and Ishizuka's P. hinoharaensis (fig. 35) and P. edoensis (fig. 2) synonyms-bottom middle and lhs.

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Fig. 1 in New earthworm species from NIBR's Jeju-do biosphere compared to historical and new Japanese types (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae)

Fig. 1. Amynthas masatakae lectotype (912), dorsal view of prostomium, ventral view of body with spermathecae and prostatic ducts in situ, intestinal caeca and an enlargement of 9 lhs spermatheca from a separate vial [boxed are X2 details of spermathecal pore 7/8 lhs and male pore 18 lhs of paralectotype (913)] - lhs; Nogeyama specimen [boxed X2 enlargement of its pores in 7/8/9 lhs] - rhs.

Fig. 5 in Integrative taxonomy helps to revise systematics and questions the purported cosmopolitan nature of the type species within the genus Diaforobiotus (Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)

Fig. 5 Diaforobiotus islandicus (Richters, 1904): egg seen in SEM: A general view of the entire egg; B–E morphological details of egg surface and egg processes; F details of one pore. Filled flat arrowheads indicate rings of pores surrounding egg processes. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 9 in Integrative taxonomy helps to revise systematics and questions the purported cosmopolitan nature of the type species within the genus Diaforobiotus (Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)

Fig. 9 Diaforobiotus svalbardicus sp. nov.: oral cavity seen in SEM: A, B dorsal and ventral views of the oral cavity armature seen from different angles, respectively. Filled flat arrowheads indicate the first band of teeth, empty flat arrowheads indicate the second band of teeth, filled indented arrowheads indicate the third band of teeth whereas empty indented arrowhead indicates the medial tooth in dorsal portion of the third band of teeth. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 11 in Integrative taxonomy helps to revise systematics and questions the purported cosmopolitan nature of the type species within the genus Diaforobiotus (Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)

Fig. 11 Diaforobiotus svalbardicus sp. nov.: egg seen in SEM: A general view of the entire egg; B–F morphological details of egg surface and egg processes. Filled flat arrowheads indicate singular, isolated micropores in the egg surface between processes. Scale bars inμm

Fig. 3 in Integrative taxonomy helps to revise systematics and questions the purported cosmopolitan nature of the type species within the genus Diaforobiotus (Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)

Fig. 3 Diaforobiotus islandicus (Richters, 1904): buccopharyngeal apparatus seen in PCM: A dorsal projection of the entire bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; B, C dorsal (B) and ventral (C) views of the oral cavity armature; D, E dorsal (D) and ventral (E) view of macroplacoids. Empty arrows indicate dorsal spikes, filled flat arrowheads indicate the first band of teeth, empty flat arrowheads indicate the second band of teeth, filled indented arrowheads indicate the third band of teeth, empty indented arrowhead indicates the medial tooth in dorsal portion of the third band of teeth whereas filled arrows indicate constrictions in macroplacoids. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 7 in Integrative taxonomy helps to revise systematics and questions the purported cosmopolitan nature of the type species within the genus Diaforobiotus (Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)

Fig. 7 Diaforobiotus svalbardicus sp. nov.: claws seen in PCM (A, B) and SEM (C, D): A claws III (holotype); B claws IV (holotype); C claws I; D claws IV. Filled flat arrowhead indicates cuticular bare above the claws whereas empty indented arrowheads indicate double muscle attachments. Scale bars in μm

Fig. 2 in Integrative taxonomy helps to revise systematics and questions the purported cosmopolitan nature of the type species within the genus Diaforobiotus (Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)

Fig. 2 Diaforobiotus islandicus (Richters, 1904): claws seen in PCM: A claws II (neotype); B claws IV. Filled flat arrowhead indicates cuticular bar above the claws whereas empty indented arrowheads indicate double muscle attachments. Scale bars inμm

Figure 5 from: Kušan I, Matočec N, Jadan M, Tkalčec Z, Mešić A (2018) An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C. epithecioides sp. nov. MycoKeys 29: 15-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978

Figure 5 Coprotus epithecioides (CNF 2/10450, holotype). a Asci with ascospores containing de Bary bubbles, red markings show opercular delimitation b Paraphyses c Ectal excipulum from top view d Excipular flank f Paraphyses g Ascospores. a–c †CB d †MLZ e *CRB f †IKI. Scale bars: a–f 10 μm, phot. N. Matočec & I. Kušan.

Figure 4 from: Kušan I, Matočec N, Jadan M, Tkalčec Z, Mešić A (2018) An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C. epithecioides sp. nov. MycoKeys 29: 15-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978

Figure 4 Coprotus epithecioides (CNF 2/10450, holotype). a Fresh apothecia on Rupicapra rupicapra dung b Cross section through the whole apothecia c Cross section in dark field d Asci e Freshly ejected ascospores glued together with a sheath and individual ascospores f Freshly ejected ascospores in phase contrast g Epithecioid paraphyses h Clavate paraphyses with pigment content i Epithecioid hymenial cover j Excipular flank k Marginal tissue. All elements observed in tap water and in living state, except two asci on d marked with a cross (†); Scale bars: a 0.5 mm, b, c 50 μm, d–k 10 μm, phot. N. Matočec & I. Kušan.

Figure 2 from: Kušan I, Matočec N, Jadan M, Tkalčec Z, Mešić A (2018) An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C. epithecioides sp. nov. MycoKeys 29: 15-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978

Figure 2 Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree inferred from the LSU dataset. Sequences recovered during this study are shown in bold type. Bootstrap values greater than 50% are indicated at the nodes. The tree was rooted to Peziza vesiculosa and Ascobolus crenulatus. The bar length indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 3 from: Kušan I, Matočec N, Jadan M, Tkalčec Z, Mešić A (2018) An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C. epithecioides sp. nov. MycoKeys 29: 15-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978

Figure 3 Coprotus sexdecimsporus. a Fresh apothecia on Equus asinus dung b Cross section with immature asci, paraphyses and marginal cells c, d Asci protruding above hymenium e Ascus with ascogenous cells f Paraphyses g Freshly ejected ascospore with a sheath h Mature ascospores i 16-spored freshly ejected packet of ascospores j Marginal cells from side view k Ectal excipulum cells in top view l Fresh apothecia on Lepus europaeus dung m Freshly ejected ascospores held together with a sheath n Ascus with ascogenous cells o Paraphyses with granular pigment and copious exudate p Excipular and marginal tissue. b, c, e–g, i, m-p *tap water d, h *IKI j, k †CB a–i from CNF 2/8394 j–p from CNF 2/8942. Scale bars: a, l 1 mm, b–k, m–o 10 μm, p 20 μm; del. N. Matočec, phot. N. Matočec & I. Kušan.

Figure 1 from: Kušan I, Matočec N, Jadan M, Tkalčec Z, Mešić A (2018) An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C. epithecioides sp. nov. MycoKeys 29: 15-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978

Figure 1 Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on a concatenated ITS and LSU dataset. Sequences recovered during this study are shown in bold type. Bootstrap values greater than 50% are indicated at the nodes. Ascobolus crenulatus was used as the outgroup. The bar length indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figures 8- 9 from: Iturralde GG, Leal-Zanchet AM (2019) Why be original? Two new species of Choeradoplana resembling the type species of the genus in their external aspects (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola). ZooKeys 813: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.813.29565

Figures 8- 9 Choeradoplanalongivesicula sp. n., holotype 8 copulatory apparatus, sagittal section 9 sagittal composite reconstruction of copulatory apparatus. Anterior tip to the left.

Figures 13- 14 from: Iturralde GG, Leal-Zanchet AM (2019) Why be original? Two new species of Choeradoplana resembling the type species of the genus in their external aspects (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola). ZooKeys 813: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.813.29565

Figures 13- 14 Choeradoplanacyanoatria sp. n., holotype 13 pre-pharyngeal region, transverse section 14 pharynx, sagittal section, with anterior tip to the left.

Figures 3-7 from: Iturralde GG, Leal-Zanchet AM (2019) Why be original? Two new species of Choeradoplana resembling the type species of the genus in their external aspects (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola). ZooKeys 813: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.813.29565

Figures 3-7 Choeradoplanalongivesicula sp. n., paratype MZU PL. 00292 3, 4 pre-pharyngeal region, transverse sections 5, 6 anterior region of body, transverse sections 7 pharynx, sagittal section, with anterior tip to the left.

Figures 1- 2 from: Iturralde GG, Leal-Zanchet AM (2019) Why be original? Two new species of Choeradoplana resembling the type species of the genus in their external aspects (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola). ZooKeys 813: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.813.29565

Figures 1- 2 Choeradoplanalongivesicula sp. n., paratype MZU PL. 00292, 1, 2 dorsal view, with part of whitish ventral surface visible in 1. Arrows indicate the anterior tip.