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9,937 results for “Endemicity”
Genetic data from: Cryptic persistence and loss of local endemism in Lake Constance charr subject to anthropogenic disturbance
<p>Habitat restoration can help to protect and support endangered species. Following the restoration of Lake Constance to oligotrophic conditions, deep-water charr (originally described as <em>Salvelinus</em> <em>profundus</em> Schillinger, 1901) were rediscovered after more than 40 years of presumed extinction caused by eutrophication. Subsequent targeted surveys lead to the capture of a further 127 deep-water charr and 233 sympatric normal charr, <em>Salvelinus</em> cf. <em>umbla</em>. Given a history of intensive stocking in the lake and the possibility of introgressive hybridization, a discussion arose about the genetic status and future conservation strategies of both forms. The current study gathered life history traits and morphological and population genomic data for both extant forms, for comparison with 60–120 years' worth of historical data and museum specimens. The extant deep-water charr resembled historical specimens in terms of body shape, but significant differences between historical and extant normal charr included a decline in gill raker number over time and distinctly different body shapes and growth patterns. RAD-based population genomic analyses of the contemporary samples support these results, revealing the two extant forms to be highly divergent, albeit with a few putative hybrids. SNPs-based population assignment tests of historical and contemporary samples strongly suggest that deep-water charr persisted unaltered in Lake Constance during the eutrophic phase. Meanwhile, none of the historical genomic samples could be assigned to the extant normal <em>S</em>. cf. <em>umbla</em> population. Functional analyses of gill raker number and stocking intensity pointed to stocking with non-endemic charr as the most likely reason for the disappearance of the endemic normal form. These results show that interplay between different anthropogenic impacts, i.e. eutrophication and stocking can lead to irreversible but hard-to-detect impacts on endemic biodiversity. Understanding these impacts is a prerequisite for effective conservation of endangered populations of cryptic fish.</p>
Fig 7 in Two new species of the genus Omoplax (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) from Mukojima Island, with new records of lace bugs endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan
Fig 7. Syntype of Omoplax desecta (Horváth, 1912) deposited in ELHU and its labels.
Figs 17–31 in A new subspecies of Bembidion sanatum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) endemic to the Mendeleev Volcano (Kunashir Island, Russia)
Figs 17–31. Male and female genitals of Bembidion sanatum: 17–19, 23–25, 28–29 – B.
Figs 5–16 in A new subspecies of Bembidion sanatum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) endemic to the Mendeleev Volcano (Kunashir Island, Russia)
Figs 5–16. Bembidion sanatum, detals: 5, 6, 9, 10, 13,14 – B. sanatum iwanai, ssp. n.; 7,
Figs 1–4 in A new subspecies of Bembidion sanatum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) endemic to the Mendeleev Volcano (Kunashir Island, Russia)
Figs 1–4. Bembidion sanatum, dorsal habitus: 1, 2 – B. sanatum iwanai, ssp. n.: 1 – male,
Diversity and conservation of endemic true bugs for four family groups in China
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Aim:</span></strong><span> Protected areas in China have typically been designed by considering one or several focal taxa (e.g., relict plant and vertebrate species), but the effectiveness of these "protective umbrellas" in safeguarding insects remains unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the distribution and diversity of endemic true bugs for four family groups (i.e., </span><span>Miridae, Lygaeoidea, Pentatomidae, and Reduviidae</span><span>) in China, the environment factors shaping these diversity patterns, as well as the effectiveness of China's protected areas (PAs) in safeguarding their diversity. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Location: </span></strong><span>China.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Methods:</span></strong><span> We mapped the spatial distributions of 1028 endemic true bugs in China using stacked species distribution models and pixel grids of observed points. Environment factors that influence diversity patterns across China were explored by generalized linear models and random forest models. The effectiveness of PAs in safeguarding species distribution was evaluated by the Zonation platform.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Results:</span></strong><span> We found that </span><span>most (84.9%) diversity hotspots for total species located in mountainous areas of southern China. Additionally, the diversity pattern is shaped by the combined effects of different environment factors, with the minimum temperature of the coldest month, annual precipitation and elevation showing the strongest effects. On average, Chinese PAs covered 10.2% distribution areas of these endemic true bugs. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Main conclusions: </span></strong><span>In general, our research identifies the important roles of mountainous areas in southern China</span><span> in maintaining the species diversity. Moreover, our research also suggests that PAs in China couldn't provide sufficient protection for this diversity. Protecting these endemic true bugs diversity should be valued more in southern China's mountainous areas.</span></p>
Dataset: Habitat suitability models to make conservation decisions based on areas of high species richness and endemism
<p>This repository contains the files associated with the following article:</p> <p>Hernández-Quiroz NS, EI Badano, F Barragán-Torres, J Flores & C Pinedo-Álvarez. Habitat suitability models to make conservation decisions based on areas of high species richness and endemism. Biodiversity and Conservation, 27, pp. 3185-3200. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-018-1596-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-018-1596-9</a></p> <p>The Microsoft Excel file (SM 01-Oak occurrences.xlsx) contains the occurrence points used to calibrate the habitat suitability model of each oak species (59 species in total). This file indicates the name of the species (column A), latitude and longitude of each occurrence point (columns B and C; in geographic coordinates) and the full set of bioclimatic variables (columns D-V) and topographic variables (columns W-Z) associated to each point. These later data are provided as they were gathered from the bioclimatic layers of WorldClim and the topographic layers of the Mexican National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The repository also contains interactive maps indicating the predicted and observed distributions of the 59 Mexican oak species (SM 02-Estimated oak distribution ranges.kmz), and the probability-based and occurrence-based map of oak richness and endemic species (SM 03-Oak richness maps.kmz). These geographic projections are provided in KMZ format to make them easy to visualize in Google Earth (freely available at www.google.com/earth). Details about these KMZ files can be consulted by accessing the file properties after opening them in Google Earth.</p>
EST-SSR genotyping data from: Ecotype variation in the endemic tree Callicarpa subpubescens on small oceanic islands: Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental insights
<p><em>Callicarpa subpubescens</em>, endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, is suggested to have multiple ecotypes in the Hahajima Islands, specifically in the central part of the Ogasawara Islands. In this study, associations between genetic groups and spatial distribution, habitat, leaf morphology, size structure, and flowering time of each genetic group were investigated on Hahajima and the satellite Imoutojima Islands. Genetic groups were identified using EST-SSR markers, revealing four ecotypes named based on morphological features: Dwarf (D), Glabrescent (G), Tall (T), and Middle (M), with M being a result of the hybridization of G and T. Ecotype D, adapted to dry environments, is characterized by small tree size, dense thick leaves with abundant hairs, and is distributed in dry scrub. Ecotype G, adapted to understory of mesic forests, lacks leaf hairs. Ecotype T, adapted to the canopy of mesic forests, has hairy leaves and is tall in tree height. Ecotype M, adapted to the canopy of mesic scrub or edges of mesic forests, has hairy leaves but with a shorter tree height than ecotype T. Flowering peaks differed among all ecotype pairs except G and M, but the flowering times more or less overlapped among all ecotypes, suggesting that pre-mating isolation among ecotypes is not perfect. Post-mating isolation is considered absent, as there were no differences in the results, germination, and survival rates of one-year seedlings among inter- and intra-ecotype crossings. The existence of such ecotypes provides valuable insights into the ongoing speciation processes adapting to the oceanic island environments.</p>
Phylogenetic conservatism and coordination in traits of Chinese woody endemic flora
<p><span>The dataset contains 5 files, including:</span></p> <p><span><span>(1)<span> </span></span></span><span>“HLS. new” is a phylogenetic tree constructed with 1,387 species, we used Taxa01, Taxa02 in the phylogenetic tree construction process (refer to Taxa match species file). <strong>Please note</strong> that I marked <strong>outgroups</strong> (9 species) in yellow color, you may use “drop tips” function in R to delete them if it’s extra info for you;</span></p> <p><span><span>(2)<span> </span></span></span><span>“Taxa match species” , Taxa name are corresponding to “HLS. new”;</span></p> <p><span><span>(3)<span> </span></span></span><span>“OGU” is a species occurrence file, each gridcell could be regard as “community”, which we can use to analysis species assembling; </span></p> <p><span>Gridcell in this file corresponding to the Operational Geographic Units (OGUs). Species occurrence matrix were prepared according to Silva et al.'s (Cardoso da Silva, Cardoso de Sousa, & Castelletti, 2004) method: (a) To leverage the size effect, study area was divided into 50*50 km2 grid cells, covering the land area of China including Taiwan; (b) assign species occurrence into each grid cell; (c) delimit OGUs where contains at least two endemic species and land area covered more than half of grid cells (1,250 km<sup>2</sup>).</span></p> <p><span><span>(4)<span> </span></span></span><span>“Climate”. bio 1-19 were download from CHELSA: https://chelsa-climate.org/timeseries/; (Karger et al., 2017; Karger, Nobis, Normand, Graham, & Zimmermann, 2021). I also attached the description for chelsa.</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span><span>(5)<span> </span></span></span><span>“Trait”. We tried our best to access to the information regarding to leaf length, height and seed diameter. For few cases, you may still find N.A. data. I believe it’s very common in macroecology research.</span></p>
Fig. 5 in The endemic herpetofauna of Central America: a casualty of anthropocentrism
Fig. 5. Graph of Central American endemic species allocated to the 14 conservation priority groups.
Fig. 1 in Climate change and the fate of endemic Beyşehir Frog, Pelophylax caralitanus
Fig. 1. Turkish Lake District and species presence data.
Fig. 11 in Endemism on a threatened sky island: new and rare species of herpetofauna from Cerro Chucantí, Eastern Panama
Fig. 11. Species richness across habitats, as average species per transect (#species/transect).
Fig. 1 in An endemic new species of Andean lizard of the genus Liolaemus from southern Peru (Iguania: Liolaemidae) and its phylogenetic position
Fig. 1. Phylogenetic tree obtained using Bayesian Methods (BM).
Figure 9 in Ramie Moth, Arcte coerula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A New Invasive Pest in Hawaii on Endemic Plants
Figure 9. Arcte coerula adult. The hindwing markings are distinctive of this species.
Figure 2. A in Identity of a Fairyfly (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) Egg Parasitoid of the Endemic, Endangered Damselfly Megalagrion xanthomelas (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) on O'ahu, Hawai'i
Figure 2. A single egg of M. xanthomelas embedded in a leaf of Paederia foetida.
Figure 8 in Ramie Moth, Arcte coerula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A New Invasive Pest in Hawaii on Endemic Plants
Figure 8. Arcte coerula pupa.
Figure 2 in Conservation Note on the Status of the Rare Endemic Marquesan Snout Butterfly, Libythea collenettei
Figure 2. Maps highlighting sampling localities for the three islands visited in February, 2018.
Data from: Integrating niche and occupancy models to infer the distribution of an endemic fossorial snake (Atractus lasallei)
<p>Understanding species distribution and habitat preferences is crucial for effective conservation strategies. However, the lack of information about population responses to environmental change at different scales hinders effective conservation measures. In this study, we estimate the potential and realized distribution of <em>Atractus lasallei</em>, a semi-fossorial snake endemic to the northwestern region of Colombia. We modelled the potential distribution of <em>A. lasallei</em> based on ecological niche theory (using maxent), and habitat use was characterized while accounting for imperfect detection using a single-season occupancy model. Our results suggest that <em>A. lasallei</em> selects areas characterized by slopes below 10°, with high average annual precipitation (>2500mm/year) and herbaceous and shrubby vegetation. Its potential distribution encompasses the northern Central Cordillera and two smaller centers along the Western Cordillera, but its habitat is heavily fragmented within this potential distribution. When the two models are combined, the species' realized distribution sums up to 935 km<sup>2</sup>, highlighting its vulnerability. We recommend approaches that focus on variability at different spatio-temporal scales to better comprehend the variables that affect species' ranges and identify threats to vulnerable species. Prompt actions are needed to protect herbaceous and shrub vegetation in this region, highly demanded for agriculture and cattle grazing.</p>
Occupancy of two Colombian endemic birds (Habia gutturalis) and White-Mantled Barbet (Capito hypoleucus) in fragmented forests of the Central Andes in Colombia
<p>The Sooty Ant-Tanager (<em>Habia gutturalis</em>) and White-mantled Barbet (<em>Capito hypoleucus</em>) are endangered and endemic birds of Colombia. Both species have small geographic ranges and presumably low population sizes possibly due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. In order to estimate the effects of landscape features on the occupancy of both species, we sampled a variety of landscape configurations within the buffer zones of two hydroelectric impoundments in the Central Andes of Colombia and applied occupancy models to estimate the proportion of area occupied as a function of these covariates. We surveyed 35 point-counts in each hydroelectric impoundment, between June and July of 2014 and 2015. We used single-season models to estimate occupancy while recognizing imperfect detection. Mean occupancy estimates in the study area were similar for both species (0.61 SD=0.33 for the Sooty Ant-Tanager and 0.63 SD=0.25 for the White-mantled). Nonetheless, occupancy probability within the study area was very different between them. The best model for the Sooty Ant-Tanager indicated a decrease in occupancy with elevation, whereas the top model for the White-mantled Barbet indicated an increase in occupancy with distance from streams. Detection probabilities were similar for both species (>0.4) and declined significantly during the second year. Our results provide quantitative guidelines that can be used to evaluate and monitor the state of these populations on the short and long term.</p>
Fig. 4 in The Body Size, Age Structure And Growth Pattern Of The Endemic Balkan Mosor Rock Lizard (Dinarolacerta Mosorensis Kolombatović, 1886)
Fig. 4. The age distribution in subadult and adult Mosor rock lizards
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.