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29,897 results for “activism”
Lecture of physiological activity with EEG techniques in two groups of students using a BCI device
<p>Currently, there is a great interest in knowing more in detail what happens in a student's mind in the classroom. This dataset seeks to help those researchers who want to perform data analytics of student behavior in a classroom.</p> <p>This dataset has the peculiarity that it has been built inside a classroom in an authentic learning situation wherein a face-to-face model a teacher teaches his class in front of a traditional group.</p> <p>The data set achieved seeks to provide support for the analysis of learning activities to identify the good and bad practices and the availability of students to appropriate new thoughts. In addition, these results also serve as support to generate new research through other learning scenarios, whether traditional or distance learning, where the results of the physiological activity of the brain can be used to compare the didactics that produce the best results in the students and the areas of opportunity in the teaching processes.</p>
Different sources of natural products from the (a) bacterial, (b) archaeal, (c) fungal, (d) protozoan, (e) chromistan, (f) plant and (g) animal kingdoms, the rationale(s) for screening them for antibacterial activity, and associated advantages and disadvantages
<p>This table of information is from the review article 'Bioprospecting for Antibacterial drugs: A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Natural Product Source Material, Bioassay Selection and Avoidable Pitfalls' (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1</a>).</p>
Data from: Consequences of climatic thresholds for projecting fire activity and ecological change
Aim: Ecological properties governed by threshold relationships can exhibit heightened sensitivity to climate, creating an inherent source of uncertainty when anticipating future change. We investigated the impact of threshold relationships on our ability to project ecological change outside the observational record (e.g., the 21st century), using the challenge of predicting late‐Holocene fire regimes in boreal forest and tundra ecosystems. Location: Boreal forest and tundra ecosystems of Alaska. Time period: 850–2100 CE. Major taxa studied: Not applicable. Methods: We informed a set of published statistical models, designed to predict the 30‐year probability of fire occurrence based on climatological normals, with downscaled global climate model data for 850–1850 CE. To evaluate model performance outside the observational record and the implications of threshold relationships, we compared modelled estimates with mean fire return intervals estimated from 29 published lake‐sediment palaeofire reconstructions. To place our results in the context of future change, we evaluate changes in the location of threshold to burning under 21st‐century climate projections. Results: Model–palaeodata comparisons highlight spatially varying accuracy across boreal forest and tundra regions, with variability strongly related to the summer temperature threshold to burning: sites closer to this threshold exhibited larger prediction errors than sites further away from this threshold. Modifying the modern (i.e., 1950–2009) fire–climate relationship also resulted in significant changes in modelled estimates. Under 21st‐century climate projections, increasing proportions of Alaskan tundra and boreal forest will approach and surpass the temperature threshold to burning, with > 50% exceeding this threshold by > 2 °C by 2070–2099. Main conclusions: Our results highlight a high sensitivity of statistical projections to changing threshold relationships and data uncertainty, implying that projections of future ecosystem change in threshold‐governed ecosystems will be accompanied by notable uncertainty. This work also suggests that ecological responses to climate change will exhibit high spatio‐temporal variability as different regions approach and surpass climatic thresholds over the 21st century.
Evidence summary on activities or settings associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission: Summary of included evidence syntheses
<p>This is a data extraction table associated with the HIQA report entitled: Evidence summary on activities or settings associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission</p>
Extracted data from primary literature examining impacts of recreational activities on freshwater ecosystems
<p>Aquatic ecosystems are attractive sites for recreation. However, human presence at or on aquatic ecosystems can have a range of ecological impacts, creating trade-offs between recreation as ecosystem service and biodiversity conservation. There is currently no synthesis of evidence regarding the ecological impacts associated with various forms of aquatic recreation, to compare the magnitude of effects between types of recreation. Therefore, conservation conflicts surrounding water-based recreation are difficult to manage. We conducted a global meta-analysis, differentiating various recreational impacts and the type of recreational uses in four categories: shore use, shoreline angling, swimming and boating; and studied ecological impacts directed at three levels of biological organization: individuals, populations, and communities. We screened over 13,000 articles and identified 94 suitable studies providing 701 effect sizes for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Aggregated across all animal and plant taxa, impacts of boating and shore use resulted in highly significant effects on almost all levels of biological organization. Regarding taxonomic groups, the most negative effects of water-based recreation were observed in invertebrates, whereas effects on birds were most pronounced at individual levels and not significant at community levels. From a conservation perspective, fostering water-based recreation and the ecological services they provide must be balanced with ecological impacts associated with the activities. Although generalizations are challenging, local scale effects of activity-specific constraints seem unlikely to be effective if other forms of water-based recreation continue.</p>
Coordinates activities of retrosplenial ensembles during resting-state encode spatial landmarks. Part 1 of 2
<p>The brain likely uses off-line periods to consolidate recent memories. One hypothesis holds that the hippocampal output provides a unique, global linking or 'index' code for each memory, and that this code is stored in the cortex in association with locally encoded attributes of each memory. Activation of the index code is hypothesized to evoke coordinated memory trace reactivation thus facilitating consolidation. Retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is a major recipient of hippocampal outflow and we have described populations of neurons there with sparse and orthogonal coding characteristics that resemble hippocampal 'place' cells, and whose expression depends on an intact hippocampus. Using two-photon Ca<sup>2+</sup> imaging, we recorded ensembles of neurons in the RSC during periods of immobility before and after active running on a familiar linear treadmill track. Synchronous bursting of distinct groups of neurons occurred during rest both prior to and after running. In the second rest epoch, these patterns were associated with the locations of tactile landmarks and reward. Complementing established views on the functions of the RSC, our findings indicate that the structure is involved with processing landmark information during rest.</p>
High Oxygen Exchange Activity of Pristine La0.6Sr0.4FeO3–δ Films and Its Degradation - Dataset
<p>LSF thin film electrodes on YSZ substrates were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectrocopy inside the pulsed laser deposition chamber and in ex-situ emasurement setups. Inside the deposition chamber (in-situ) these electrodes revealed drastically lower polarization resistances. Exposure to several potential degradation sources inside the chamber showed this to be a rather robust effect. A detaield description is available in: https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abac2b</p> <p>This dataset includes the measured impedance spectra. The directory structure represents the order in which the se spectra appear in the publication. Several spectra are discussed in the context of several effects (e.g pO2 dependency and time dependency). In such cases, they are (redundantly) included in both relevant subdirectories.</p>
Coordinates activities of retrosplenial ensembles during resting-state encode spatial landmarks. Part 2 of 2
<p>The brain likely uses off-line periods to consolidate recent memories. One hypothesis holds that the hippocampal output provides a unique, global linking or 'index' code for each memory, and that this code is stored in the cortex in association with locally encoded attributes of each memory. Activation of the index code is hypothesized to evoke coordinated memory trace reactivation thus facilitating consolidation. Retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is a major recipient of hippocampal outflow and we have described populations of neurons there with sparse and orthogonal coding characteristics that resemble hippocampal 'place' cells, and whose expression depends on an intact hippocampus. Using two-photon Ca<sup>2+</sup> imaging, we recorded ensembles of neurons in the RSC during periods of immobility before and after active running on a familiar linear treadmill track. Synchronous bursting of distinct groups of neurons occurred during rest both prior to and after running. In the second rest epoch, these patterns were associated with the locations of tactile landmarks and reward. Complementing established views on the functions of the RSC, our findings indicate that the structure is involved with processing landmark information during rest.</p>
Dataset for manuscript entitled "The effects of a synthetic and biological surfactant on the community composition and metabolic activity of a freshwater biofilm"
<p>The following datasets were used for the 16s rRNA analysis in the manuscript entitled " The effects of a synthetic and biological surfactant on the community composition and metabolic activity of a freshwater biofilm". BZ2 files were obtained from next generation sequencing with the Illumina Mi-Seq. Mothur was used to analyze the BZ2 files, creating the listed excel documents.</p>
Data for Bernard et al., "Melt-assisted deformation in the lower crust of an active plate boundary, Baja California" (2022)
<p>Archived LA-ICP-MS and EBSD data files for the Bernard et al. manuscript entitled, "Melt-assisted deformation in the lower crust of an active plate boundary, Baja California" (LITHOS, accepted 2022). EBSD data were acquired on an Oxford Instruments Symmetry EBSD detector on a FEI Apreo LoVac field emission gun scanning electron microscope at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) using a working distance between 26 to 28 mm and voltage of 20 kV. Trace elements were collected from polished thin sections using a Thermo Fisher Scientific iCAP Qc Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) with New Wave Research UP213 Laser Ablation system at UCSD. </p>
Exercise and Sestrin mediate speed and lysosomal activity in Drosophila by partially overlapping mechanisms-source data
<p>Source data, Figures 1-7</p>
Integrating light-level geolocation with activity tracking reveals unexpected nocturnal migration patterns of the tawny pipit
Migratory birds complete their seasonal journeys between breeding and non-breeding sites with a series of migratory flights that are separated by prolonged stopovers. While songbirds are the most common taxa among migratory birds, empirical data on flight and stopover behaviour along their entire migratory journeys are still rare. Here, we integrate activity and barometric pressure tracking with classical light-level geolocation to describe migration behaviour of tawny pipits Anthus campestris breeding in Central Europe. Surprisingly, tracked pipits used, on average, as many as 10 stopover sites during their six week, >5000 km long autumn migration. This conforms to a typical hop-type pattern of migration. In contrast to common knowledge which considers the tawny pipit as a typical diurnal migrant, our data revealed that more than 2/3 of all migratory movements were carried out at night. Nocturnal departure times were highly variable within individuals and spread across the entire night while landing most often took place within the first few hours after sunrise. Consequently, there was a negative relationship between departure timing relative to sunset and flight duration. Short flights of up to 2 h were most common and median flight duration was 4.5 h. There was a hyperbolic relationship between flight duration and maximum flight altitude and flight altitudes during night were two times higher compared to daytime. The overall ratio of flight vs stopover duration during migration was on average 1:6.5. This closely matches predictions from theoretical models. We show that multi-sensor tracking has the potential to provide unprecedented details on migratory behaviour of individual birds along their entire migratory journeys, and it also improves the precision of geographical locations derived from light-level geolocators.
FGF-2-dependent signaling activated in aged human skeletal muscle promotes intramuscular adipogenesis
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Aged skeletal muscle is markedly affected by fatty muscle infiltration and strategies to reduce the occurrence of intramuscular adipocytes are urgently needed. Here, we show that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) not only stimulates muscle growth, but also promotes intramuscular adipogenesis. Using multiple screening assays upstream and downstream of microRNA (miR)-29a signaling, we located the secreted protein and adipogenic inhibitor SPARC to an FGF-2 signaling pathway that is conserved between skeletal muscle cells from mice and humans and that is activated in skeletal muscle of aged mice and humans. FGF-2 induces the miR-29a/SPARC axis through transcriptional activation of FRA-1, which binds and activates an evolutionary conserved AP-1 site element proximal in the miR-29a promoter. Genetic deletions in muscle cells and AAV-mediated overexpression of FGF-2 or SPARC in mouse skeletal muscle revealed that this axis regulates differentiation of fibro/adipogenic progenitors <i>in vitro</i> and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) formation <i>in vivo</i>. Skeletal muscle from human donors aged > 75 years versus < 55 years showed activation of FGF-2-dependent signaling and increased IMAT. Thus, our data highlights a disparate role of FGF-2 in adult skeletal muscle and reveals a novel pathway to combat fat accumulation in aged human skeletal muscle.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Fig. 4 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 4. Observed positions of (a) Callosciurus finlaysonii and (b) C. caniceps.
Fig. 5 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 5. Frequency of observed height range of Callosciurus finlaysonii and C. caniceps.
Innate immune activation by checkpoint inhibition in patient-derived lung cancer tissues
<p><span>Although Pembrolizumab-based immunotherapy has significantly improved lung cancer patient survival, many patients show variable efficacy and resistance development. A better understanding of the drug's action is needed to improve patient outcomes. Functional heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial to modulating drug resistance; understanding of individual patients' TME that impacts drug response is hampered by lack of appropriate models. </span></p> <p><span>Lung organotypic tissue slice cultures (OTC) with patients' native TME procured from primary and brain-metastasized (BM) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were treated with Pembrolizumab and/or beta-glucan (WGP, an innate immune activator). Metabolic tracing with<sup> 13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>-Glc/<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5,</sub><sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>-Gln, multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF), and digital spatial profiling (DSP) were employed to interrogate metabolic and functional responses to Pembrolizumab and/or WGP.</span></p> <p><span>Primary and BM PD-1<sup>+</sup> lung cancer OTC responded to Pembrolizumab and Pembrolizumab + WGP treatments, respectively. Pembrolizumab activated innate immune metabolism and functions in primary OTC, which were accompanied by tissue damage. DSP analysis indicated an overall decrease in immunosuppressive macrophages and T cells but revealed microheterogeneity in immune responses and tissue damage. Two TMEs with altered cancer cell properties showed resistance. Pembrolizumab or WGP alone had negligible effects on BM-lung cancer OTC but Pembrolizumab + WGP blocked central metabolism with increased pro-inflammatory effector release and tissue damage.</span></p> <p><span>In depth metabolic analysis and multiplex TME imaging of lung cancer OTC demonstrated overall innate immune activation by Pembrolizumab but heterogeneous responses in the native TME of a patient with primary NSCLC. Metabolic and functional analysis also revealed synergistic action of Pembrolizumab and WGP in OTC of metastatic NSCLC.</span></p>
Fig. A1. A in The first recorded activity pattern for the Sunda stink-badger Mydaus javanensis (Mammalia: Carnivora: Mephitidae) using camera traps
Fig. A1. A pair of Sunda stink-badgers Mydaus javanensis photo-
Fig. 1 in Diel flight activity and habitat preference of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 1. Location of the pitfall traps (black circle) in the study site.
Fig. 7 in Activity budget, travel distance, sleeping time, height of activity and travel order of wild East Bornean Grey gibbons (Hylobates funereus) in Danum Valley Conservation Area
Fig. 7. Diurnal activity cycle of three gibbons (two males and one female) from 0530−1600 hours.
Fig. 9 in Activity budget, travel distance, sleeping time, height of activity and travel order of wild East Bornean Grey gibbons (Hylobates funereus) in Danum Valley Conservation Area
Fig. 9. Activity of three gibbons (two males and one female) at each height.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.