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FIGURE 12 in A new early diverging thalattosuchian (Crocodylomorpha) from the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, U.K. and implications for the origin and evolution of the group
FIGURE 12. Results of the Bayesian time-calibration analyses (95% HPD age ranges for each node indicated by horizontal bars). For visualization purposes, Crocodylia is omitted in both trees, even though representatives of the group were included in the analyses. A. time-scaled strict consensus resulting from analysis of the dataset based on Wilberg et al. (2019); B, time-scaled strict consensus resulting from analysis of the dataset based on Herrera et al. (2021) with the position of Eopneumatosuchus manually changed to fall within Protosuchidae.
FIGURE 2 in A new early diverging thalattosuchian (Crocodylomorpha) from the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, U.K. and implications for the origin and evolution of the group
FIGURE 2. Skull of Turnersuchus hingleyae gen. et sp. nov. (LYMPH 2021/45). A, digital model in dorsal view; B, line interpretation of same; C, digital model in ventral view; D, line interpretation of same. Abbreviations: bo, basioccipital; bsp, basisphenoid; ch g, choanal groove; fr, frontal; lef, lateral Eustachian foramen; lsp, laterosphenoid; mpf, median pharyngeal foramen; occ, occipital condyle; oto, otoccipital; pa, parietal; po, postorbital; pro, prootic; pt, pterygoid; qu, quadrate; qu mhc, quadrate medial hemicondyle; qu op, quadrate orbital process; sq, squamosal; tof, temporo-orbital foramen.
FIGURE 10 in A new early diverging thalattosuchian (Crocodylomorpha) from the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, U.K. and implications for the origin and evolution of the group
FIGURE 10. Appendicular bones of Turnersuchus hingleyae gen. et sp. nov. (LYMPH 2021/45). A, digital model of the right scapula and coracoid in lateral view; B, line interpretation of same; C, digital model of the proximal right humerus in medial view; D, right ulna in medial view; E, digital model of dorsal (caudal?) osteoderm in dorsal view. Abbreviations: co, coracoid; cf, coracoid foramen; dc, deltoid crest; dpc, deltopectoral crest; gl, glenoid fossa; hs, humeral shaft; ol, olecranon process; pt, pits; sc, scapula; scb, scapular blade; us, ulnar shaft.
FIGURE 1 in A new early diverging thalattosuchian (Crocodylomorpha) from the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, U.K. and implications for the origin and evolution of the group
FIGURE 1. Preserved material of Turnersuchus hingleyae gen. et sp. nov. (LYMPH 2021/45) including five main blocks and isolated elements.
FIGURE 4 in A new early diverging thalattosuchian (Crocodylomorpha) from the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, U.K. and implications for the origin and evolution of the group
FIGURE 4. Right retroarticular process of Turnersuchus hingleyae gen. et sp. nov. (LYMPH 2021/45). A, digital model and line interpretation in lateral view; B, digital model and line interpretation in medial view; C, digital model and line interpretation in dorsal view. Abbreviations: an, angular; art, articular; gf, glenoid fossa; p art, prearticular; san, surangular.
FIGURE 3 in A new early diverging thalattosuchian (Crocodylomorpha) from the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, U.K. and implications for the origin and evolution of the group
FIGURE 3. Skull of Turnersuchus hingleyae gen. et sp. nov. (LYMPH 2021/45). A, digital model in ventrolateral view; B, line interpretation of same; C, digital model in occipital view; D, line interpretation of same. Abbreviations: bo, basioccipital; bo t, basioccipital tuberosity; bsp, basisphenoid; ch g, choanal groove; cqc, cranioquadrate canal; fm, foramen magnum; fr, frontal; icf, internal carotid foramen; lsp, laterosphenoid; mpf, median pharyngeal foramen; occ, occipital condyle; oto, otoccipital; pa, parietal; po, postorbital; pro, prootic; pro p, prootic peg; pt, pterygoid; pts com, communication with paratympanic sinus; qu, quadrate; qu mhc, quadrate medial hemicondyle; qu op, quadrate orbital process; sq, squamosal; sq f, squamosal fossa; V, trigeminal foramen; vf, vagus foramen; XII, hypoglossal foramen.
Polarization dataset - Reflection, emission, and polarization properties of surfaces made of hyperfine grains, and implications for the nature of primitive small bodies
<p>This data are relative to the polarization measurements of the paper </p> <p>"Reflection, emission, and polarization properties of surfaces made of hyperfine grains, and implications for the nature of primitive small bodies"</p> <p>The dataset consists in 8 .txt files that represent the polarization measurements of mixtures of FeS and Olivine (ol) with different mass ratios. In the name of each file it is specified the mass percentage of the two components respect with the total mass of the sample (eg. data_ol_FeS_10-90_530.txt is the sample composed by 10% olivine and 90% FeS, measured at 530 nm). </p> <p>In each file, the data are organized in the following columns: </p> <p>#phase_angles[°] #Q/I #U/I #V/I #DOLP #DC #delta_Q/I #delta_U/I #delta_V/I #delta_DOLP #delta_dc</p> <p>"delta" refers to the standard deviation of the measurement upon rotation of the sample on the azimuthal axis. <br> </p>
Figs 1–2 in Labial morphology in Blephariceridae (Diptera: Nematocera): a new interpretation with phylogenetic implications, and a note on colocephaly
Figs 1–2. Labium of Culicoides species (Ceratopogonidae). 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view, illustrating nomenclature of structural components. (From Jobling 1928)
Figs 3–4 in Labial morphology in Blephariceridae (Diptera: Nematocera): a new interpretation with phylogenetic implications, and a note on colocephaly
Figs 3–4. Edwardsininae, labium in ventral view. 3. Paulianina umbra Stuckenberg. 4. Edwardsina confusa Zwick.
Figs 8–11. 8–9 in Labial morphology in Blephariceridae (Diptera: Nematocera): a new interpretation with phylogenetic implications, and a note on colocephaly
Figs 8–11. 8–9. Paltostomatini, male head, frontal view: 8. Paltostoma rondani Hogue & Bedoya; 9. Paltostoma andeana Hogue & Bedoya; (From Hogue & Bedoya 1989). 10–11. Apistomyiini: 10. Curupirina kaltenbachi Stuckenberg, male head in frontal view. 11. Apistomyia tonnoiri Zwick, pseudotracheae in terminal portion of apical labial palp segment (SEM image by W. Arens, supplied by P. Zwick).
Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell properties implicate Ca2+-homeostasis in clinical arrhythmia associated with combined heterozygous RYR2 and SCN10A variants
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>We illustrate the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as platforms for investigating cardiomyocyte phenotypes in a human family pedigree exemplified by novel heterozygous RYR2-A1855D and SCN10A-Q1362H variants occurring alone and in combination. The proband, a four-month-old boy, presented with </span><span>polymorphic</span><span> ventricular tachycardia (</span><span>P</span><span>VT). Genetic tests revealed double novel heterozygous RYR2-A1855D and SCN10A-Q1362H variants inherited from his father (F) and mother (M) respectively. His father showed ventricular premature beats (VPB); his mother was asymptomatic. Molecular biological characterisations demonstrated greater <em>TNNT2</em> mRNA expression in the iPSCs-induced cardiomyocytes (iPS-CMs) than in the iPSCs</span><span>.</span><span> </span><span>c</span><span>TNTs became progressively organised, but cytoplasmic RYR2 and SCN10A aggregations occurred in the iPS-CMs. Proband-specific iPS-CMs showed decreased <em>RYR2</em> and <em>SCN10A</em> mRNA expression. The RYR2-A1855D variant resulted in premature spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticular (SR) Ca<sup>2+</sup> transients (PCTs), Ca<sup>2+</sup> oscillations (COs), and increased action potential durations (APDs). SCN10A-Q1362H did not confer any specific phenotype. However, the </span><span>combined </span><span>heterozygous RYR2-A1855D and SCN10A-Q1362H variants in the proband iPS-CMs resulted in accentuated Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis disorders, AP prolongation and susceptibility to early afterdepolarisations (EADs) at high stimulus frequencies. These findings attribute the clinical phenotype in the proband to effects of the heterozygous <em>RYR2</em> variant exacerbated by heterozygous <em>SCN10A</em> modification. </span></p>
Internal gravity waves generated by subglacial discharge: Implications for tidewater glacier melt.
<p>Additional data used in the paper titled "Internal gravity waves generated by subglacial discharge: implications for tidewater glacier melt", submitted to Geophysical Research Letters, that is not already contained in the GitHub repository.</p>
Effects of Charring on Squash (Cucurbita L ) Seed Morphology and Compression Strength: Implications for Paleoethnobotany Metric Data
<p>Metric data resulting from a series of charring experiments on seeds from three species of squash: <em>Cucurbita pepo</em>, <em>Cucurbita moschata</em>, and <em>Cucurbita maxima</em>.</p>
Short Selling and Implications for The Biopharmaceutical Industry
<p>Over the past decades, the practice of short selling in the biopharmaceutical industry has grown substantially. Biopharmaceutical companies have actively expressed concern about the potential consequences of short selling for the development of new drugs and therapies. We present evidence that biopharmaceutical companies are disproportionally targeted by short sellers. We also show that companies with an emphasis on <em>Oncology</em> treatments seem to be more likely to be targeted by short sellers. Finally, we find that an increase in the number of short positions is associated with a decrease in <em>New Product </em>and C<em>linical Trial Initiations</em>.</p>
Sponge diversification in marine lakes: implications for phylogeography and population genomic studies on sponges
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>The relative influence of geography, currents and environment on gene flow within sessile marine species remains an open question. Detecting subtle genetic differentiation at small scales is challenging in benthic populations due to large effective population sizes, general lack of resolution in genetic markers, and because barriers to dispersal often remain elusive. Marine lakes can circumvent confounding factors by providing discrete and replicated ecosystems. Using high-resolution double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (4,826 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, SNPs), we genotyped populations of the sponge <em>Suberites diversicolor </em><span>(n=125) to test the relative importance of spatial scales (1-1,400km), local environmental regimes, and permeability of seascape barriers in shaping population genomic structure. </span>With the SNP dataset we show strong intra-lineage population structure, even at scales <10km (average F<sub>ST</sub> = 0.63), that was not detected previously using single markers. Most variation was explained by differentiation between populations (AMOVA: 48.8%) with signatures of population size declines and bottlenecks per lake. Though the populations were strongly structured, we did not detect significant effects of geographic distance, local environments, or degree of connection to the sea on population structure, suggesting mechanisms such as founder events with subsequent priority effects may be at play. We show that the inclusion of morphologically cryptic lineages that can be detected with the COI marker can reduce the obtained SNP set by almost 90%. Future work on sponge genomics should confirm that only one lineage is included. Our results call for a reassessment of poorly dispersing benthic organisms that were previously assumed to be highly connected based on low-resolution markers.</span></p>
Activity of a freshwater turtle varies across a latitudinal gradient: implications for the success of assisted colonisation
<p>The value of assisted colonisation as a response to climate change can only be realised if focal species are well suited to their new habitats. For ectotherms, new habitats must offer microclimates that promote crucial behaviours such as thermoregulation and foraging.</p> <p>The Western Swamp Turtle (Pseudemydura umbrina), a Critically Endangered species from southwestern Australia, serves as a global case-study of assisted colonisation in action. Initial trials where juvenile P. umbrina were released into wetter and cooler climates found that individuals spent considerable time at body temperatures that apparently limited their growth.</p> <p>Using high-resolution biologging data (temperature and depth), here we tested if turtle activity is thermally constrained in cooler latitudes by releasing 48 juveniles into seasonal swamps at three sites. One site was core natural habitat, and the other sites were wetlands 380 km apart that offered either warmer or cooler microclimates. Generalised additive mixed models were used to evaluate behaviours and time spent at optimal temperatures for approximately one month following release, and growth rates were measured and analysed after release until the end of the hydroperiod 4-5 months later.</p> <p>We found that turtles released into the most poleward (southern) wetland spent significantly less time active and basking and grew significantly less compared to turtles released further north. When analysed together, behavioural and growth datasets showed that activity was positively correlated with growth rates.</p> <p>We conclude that poor growth of turtles in the southern wetland was likely a result of lower body temperatures, stemming from a reduced ability to thermoregulate in water. Consequently, for assisted colonisation of P. umbrina to be successful, recipient wetlands must offer aquatic microclimates that are sufficiently warm to promote foraging activity that leads to growth, and ultimately to maturation.</p>
Source Data for Published Study "Are changes in nociceptive withdrawal reflex magnitude a viable central sensitization proxy? Implications of a replication attempt"
<p>Upload version NWR_v01_20230409</p> <p>Authors: Alexandros Guekos, Alince Catrine Grata, Michèle Hubli, Martin Schubert, and Petra Schweinhardt</p> <p>The present data was collected from August to October 2019 as part of a replication attempt of a previously published study (Ellrich, J., and R-D. Treede. "Convergence of nociceptive and non-nociceptive inputs onto spinal reflex pathways to the tibialis anterior muscle in humans." Acta physiologica scandinavica 163.4 (1998): 391-401, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-201X.1998.t01-1-00392.x). </p> <p>The results of the replication study have been published under open access (Guekos, A., et al. "Are changes in nociceptive withdrawal reflex magnitude a viable central sensitization proxy? Implications of a replication attempt" Clinical Neurophysiology 145 (2023): 139-150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2022.09.011).</p> <p>Details of the paradigm, the experimental setup, and the analysis can be found there.</p> <p>In brief, 16 healthy adults (8 men and 8 women) underwent a single experimental session during which a tonic heat stimulus was applied on one leg to the foot sole and on the other to the calf muscle. Both legs were tested consecutively in pseudorandom order. Concurrently, subjects received transcutaneous electrical stimuli to elicit the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR). The muscle responses were recorded via surface electromyography (sEMG) from the biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), and tibialis anterior (TA).</p> <p>The protocol consisisted of eight blocks per leg. During the first two blocks no temperature stimulation was applied. These two blocks served to identify the NWR threshold at the BF. For threshold determination, a single ascending staircase with either single electrical stimulations or triplets (at 2Hz) were used. From the triplets, only the muscle response to the third stimulation was analysed. The higher of the two obtained currents was used as the threshold. The following six blocks used six different temperatures (one per block) of 32, 36, 39, 42, 45 and 46 centigrade. During each block eight transcutaneous electrical stimuli were applied, either to the medial plantar nerve (MP) on the foot sole or to the retromalleolar pathway of the sural nerve (SU). The stimulations increased from -4 mA w.r.t. threshold to 200% threhold. Participants verbally rated perceived pain for every stimulation during these six blocks.</p> <p>Every electrical stimulation consisted of a train of five rectangular stimuli of 1 ms duration delivered at 200 Hz. Muscle responses were recorded from 120 pre- to 380 ms post-stimulation. The recorded sEMG signals were sampled at 48 kHz and downsampled to 6 kHz, rectified, band-pass filtered from 10 Hz to 500 Hz and amplified up to 125 times. Between 120 ms pre- and 380 ms post-stimulation, traces for all applied stimulations were automatically saved into separate txt files.</p> <p>Please consult the README.txt file for details on the structure of the uploaded data and for information w.r.t. potential instances of incompleteness or unusability.</p> <p>The study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation as part of a grant to PS (grant number 320030_179191/1).</p>
FIG. 15 in A study of the morphology and distribution of four Achnanthidium Kütz. species (Bacillariophyta), implications for ecological status assessment, and description of two new European species
FIG. 15. — Achnanthidium tirolense sp. nov., specimens from Plansee, Austria: A-AG, LM views of valves. Scale bar: 10 µm.
FIG. 20 in A study of the morphology and distribution of four Achnanthidium Kütz. species (Bacillariophyta), implications for ecological status assessment, and description of two new European species
FIG. 20. — Principal component analysis of elliptic Fourier shape harmonics for specimens of Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikowskiy & Riaux-Gob. from different geographic regions (Europe, Wales, Scotland and England). Specimens of Achnanthidium caledonicum (Lange-Bert.) Lange-Bert. are used as the outgroup. The biplot presents the first two axes with a total explained variance of 92.4 %.
FIG. 18 in A study of the morphology and distribution of four Achnanthidium Kütz. species (Bacillariophyta), implications for ecological status assessment, and description of two new European species
FIG. 18. — Achnanthidium lacuslustense sp. nov., specimens from Lustsee, Germany: A, SEM external view of raphe valve; B, SEM internal view of raphe valve; C, D, SEM external views of frustules in girdle view; E, SEM external view of rapheless valve; F, SEM internal view of rapheless valve; G, SEM internal view of centre of rapheless valve; H, SEM internal view of pole of rapheless valve. Scale bars: A-F, 5 µm; G, H, 3 µm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.