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Figures 22−26 in Further considerations on the species of the genus Orthochirus Karsch, 1891 from Africa, with description of three new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 22−26: Disposition of the granulation over the dentate margin of the movable finger. 22. Orthochirus aristidis, female from Nubia. 23. Orthochirus innesi, female from Wadi Degla near Cairo. 24. Orthochirus tassili sp. n., female paratype. 25. Orthochirus cloudsleythompsoni sp. n., male holotype. 26. Orthochirus atarensis sp. n., female paratype.

Figures 17−20 in Further considerations on the species of the genus Orthochirus Karsch, 1891 from Africa, with description of three new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 17−20: Orthochirus atarensis sp. n., male holotype and female paratype, dorsal and ventral aspects.

Figures 8−9 in Further considerations on the species of the genus Orthochirus Karsch, 1891 from Africa, with description of three new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 8−9: Orthochirus innesi, female from El-Omayed Protectorate, 80 km west of Alexandria, dorsal and ventral aspects, showing coloration pattern.

Figures 3−4 in Further considerations on the species of the genus Orthochirus Karsch, 1891 from Africa, with description of three new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 3−4: Orthochirus aristidis, female from Nubia, dorsal and ventral aspects, showing coloration pattern.

Figures 10−13 in Further considerations on the species of the genus Orthochirus Karsch, 1891 from Africa, with description of three new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 10−13: Orthochirus tassili sp. n., male holotype and female paratype, dorsal and ventral aspects.

Figure 43 in Further considerations on the species of the genus Orthochirus Karsch, 1891 from Africa, with description of three new species (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figure 43: Habitat of O. atarensis sp. n. Dry formation in the region of Chingetti towards Atar, Mauritania (photo by P. Geniez).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2005View details →

Figures 7–12 in Three new species of the genera Euscorpiops Vachon, 1980 and Scorpiops Peters, 1861 from Asia (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae, Scorpiopinae)

Figures 7–12: 7 and 10. Euscorpiops beccaloniae sp. n., male holotype. 8 and 11. Euscorpiops novaki sp. n., male holotype. 9 and 12. Scorpiops demisi sp. n., female holotype. 7–9. patella external, 10–11. patella ventral; 12. chela external.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2005View details →

Figures 1–6 in Three new species of the genera Euscorpiops Vachon, 1980 and Scorpiops Peters, 1861 from Asia (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae, Scorpiopinae)

Figures 1–6: Euscorpiops kubani Kovařík, 2004, male holotype: 1. chela dorsal; 2. chela external; 3. manus ventral; 4. patella dorsal; 5. patella external; 6. patella ventral. In Figs. 1 to 3 the first capital letters denote trichobothria situated on the manus, and the first lower-case letters denote those situated on the fixed finger of pedipalp. Figs. 4 to 6 show the distribution of trichobothria on the patella of pedipalp. Explanation: First letters: D, dorsal; E, external; I, internal; V, ventral. Second or second plus third letters: b, basal; sb, suprabasal; m, medial; st, subterminal; t, terminal; v, ventral. Numerals distinguish individual trichobothria of the same series. Designation and description of trichobothria after Vachon (1974). Morphological terminology after Stahnke (1970).

Figures 19–26 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 19–26: 19 and 21. Scorpiops pseudomontanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n., male paratype. 19. Patella external, 21. Patella ventral. 20, 22, 23–26. Scorpiops zubairahmedi Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n., male paratype. 20. Patella external. 22. Patella ventral. 23–26. Dorsal and ventral view and chela external and ventral.

Figures 7–12 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 7–12: Scorpiops pakistanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n. 7–9. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external. 10–12. Female paratype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external.

Figures 1–6 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 1–6: Scorpiops pakistanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n., male paratype. 1. Chela dorsal. 2. Chela external. 3. Manus ventral. 4. Patella dorsal. 5. Patella external. 6. Patella ventral. The first capital letters denote trichobothria situated on the manus, and the first lower-case letters denote those situated on the fixed finger of pedipalp. Figs. 4 to 6 show the distribution of trichobothria on the patella of pedipalp. First letters: D, dorsal, E, external, I, internal, V, ventral. Second or second plus third letters: b, basal, sb, suprabasal, m, medial, st, subterminal, t, terminal, v, ventral. Numerals distinguish individual trichobothria of the same classification. Designation and description of trichobothria after Vachon (1974). Morphological terminology after Stahnke (1970).

Figures 13–18 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 13–18: Scorpiops pseudomontanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n. 13–15. Male paratype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external. 10–12. Female paratype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Shaping History: Advanced Machine Learning Techniques for the Analysis and Dating of Cuneiform Tablets over Three Millennia - Datasets

<p>Our research leverages advanced deep learning methods to classify cuneiform tablets by their historical periods, focusing on shape analysis rather than textual content. Utilizing a dataset of over 94,000 images from the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative, we introduce a novel toolset powered by Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) to enhance model interpretability. By highlighting the predictive power of tablet silhouettes for historical period classification with a ResNet model reaching 61\% macro-F1 score,, our approach allows researchers to explore changes in tablet shapes across different eras. This methodology not only complements traditional archaeological methods but also enriches the field of document analysis and diplomatics, offering valuable tools for historians and epigraphists to understand ancient Mesopotamian cultures.</p> <p>The Datasets attached include:</p> <ul> <li>All CDLI IDs used and their URLs on CDLI</li> <li>All tablet silhouettes - Black and white representations</li> <li>A height-to-width ratio table, of the largest component extracted from the silhouettes.</li> <li>VAE encodings per tablet, extracted from the VAE model</li> </ul>

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2022View details →

◂Fig. 6 Gynoecial development, fruit and seedling of C. crenata %yellow frames), C. cf. grandicalyx %blue frames) and C. sinensis %pink frames; A–F light microscopy, G–K stereo microscopy of endocarp, mesocarp removed; L–O field images; TS in horizontal orientation). A, B TS of anthetic flower %note two to three abortive ovules and strongly stained, peripheral tissue). C, D TS of anthetic flower %note two to three abortive ovules and lignifying portions of prospective mesocarp). E Young fruit %note developing endocarp and flashily pink portions of the mesocarp). F TS of postanthetic flower %note three abortive ovules and lignifying portions of prospective mesocarp). G TS of endocarp, with three developed embryos removed %note scanty endosperm). H Endocarp. J TS of endocarp. K Endocarp. L Immature fruits. M Mature fruits. N Seedlings %note short hypocotyl and long petioles of cotyledons). O Seedlings %note long hypocotyl and short petioles of cotyledons; image taken from cultivated plant, accession number 2012–0005, in the Botanical Garden Munich) %LS, longisection; TS, transverse section; ao, abortive ovule; cot, cotyledon; db, dorsal bundle; c, calyx; ec, endocarp; ens, endosperm; ex, exocarp; fr, fruit; h, hypocotyl; int, integument; lb, lateral bundle; mc, mesocarp; o, ovule; pet, petiolus; sty, style; ut, peripheral tissue; vs, ventral slit) in Observations on flower and fruit anatomy in dioecious species of Cordia (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) with evolutionary interpretations

◂Fig. 6 Gynoecial development, fruit and seedling of C. crenata %yellow frames), C. cf. grandicalyx %blue frames) and C. sinensis %pink frames; A–F light microscopy, G–K stereo microscopy of endocarp, mesocarp removed; L–O field images; TS in horizontal orientation). A, B TS of anthetic flower %note two to three abortive ovules and strongly stained, peripheral tissue). C, D TS of anthetic flower %note two to three abortive ovules and lignifying portions of prospective mesocarp). E Young fruit %note developing endocarp and flashily pink portions of the mesocarp). F TS of postanthetic flower %note three abortive ovules and lignifying portions of prospective mesocarp). G TS of endocarp, with three developed embryos removed %note scanty endosperm). H Endocarp. J TS of endocarp. K Endocarp. L Immature fruits. M Mature fruits. N Seedlings %note short hypocotyl and long petioles of cotyledons). O Seedlings %note long hypocotyl and short petioles of cotyledons; image taken from cultivated plant, accession number 2012–0005, in the Botanical Garden Munich) %LS, longisection; TS, transverse section; ao, abortive ovule; cot, cotyledon; db, dorsal bundle; c, calyx; ec, endocarp; ens, endosperm; ex, exocarp; fr, fruit; h, hypocotyl; int, integument; lb, lateral bundle; mc, mesocarp; o, ovule; pet, petiolus; sty, style; ut, peripheral tissue; vs, ventral slit)

Fig. 6 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Fig. 6. Effects of starvation on the expression of BdJHEH2, BdJHEH3, and BdJH- DK in Bactrocera dorsalis. The 2-d-old 3rd instars were fed or starved for 24 and 48 h before collection. The re-fed larvae were initially starved for 24 h, then refed for an additional 24 h prior to collection. F24: feeding 24 h; F48: feeding 48 h; S24: starvation 24 h; S48: starvation 48 h; RF: re-fed. Different letters indicate significant differences based on 1-way ANOVA followed by an LSD test (P <0.05).

Fig. 3 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Fig. 3. Relative expression levels of BdJHEH2, BdJHEH3, and BdJHDK in developmental stages of Bactrocera dorsalis. Expression levels at 19 time points in (A) 3rd instar larvae and pupae and (B) adults were detected by qPCR. 3L1: 1-d-old 3rd instar larvae; P1: 1-d-old pupae. Females or males were collected for qPCR analysis at 1, 4, 7, and 10 d afer eclosion. Different letters indicate significant differences among females or males based on 1-way ANOVA followed by an LSD test (P <0.05). Significant differences between the females and males determined with a t-test are indicated by * (P <0.05).

Fig. 4 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Fig. 4. Relative expression levels of BdJHEH2, BdJHEH3, and BdJHDK in tissues of Bactrocera dorsalis. Expression levels in the head (HD), thorax (TH), midgut (MG), Malpighian tubules (MT), and fat body (FB) were detected by qPCR. Different letters indicate significant differences among tissues based on 1-way ANOVA followed by an LSD test (P <0.05).

Fig. 2 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Fig. 2. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of JHDK from Bactrocera dorsalis and other insects. (A) Sequence alignment. The sequence of B. dorsalis JHDK is compared to SCP2 from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm), and JHDK from Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Ld), Manduca sexta (Ms), Plutella xylostella (Px), and Spodoptera litura (Sl). The α-helices (H1-8) and EF hands are indicated above the alignment according to results from B. mori (Li et al. 2005).Three predicted GTP-binding motifs (Σ1–3) are labeled with an arrow. (B) Phylogenetic analysis of JHDK homologs. The tree was generated with MEGA 5 using the neighbor-joining method. Nodes with>50% bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) are indicated on branches. GenBank accession numbers of all sequences are listed in the tree.

Fig. 1 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Fig. 1. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of JHEHs from Bactrocera dorsalis and other insects. (A) Sequence alignment. The sequences of B. dorsalis JHEHs are compared with JHEH from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm), Bombyx mori (Bm), Manduca sexta (Ms), and Apis mellifera (Am). The catalytic triad (Asp232, Glu409, and His436), 2 tyrosine residues (Tyr 304 and Tyr380), and HGXP motif are labeled with asterisks. The HGXP motif is underlined. (B) Phylogenetic analysis of JHEH homologs. The tree was generated with MEGA 5 using the neighbor-joining method. Nodes with>50% bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) are indicated on branches. GenBank accession numbers of all sequences are listed in the tree.