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219 results for “Asclepias”
Asclepias quadrifolia (Asclepiadaceae) - inflorescence - ventral view of flower + perianth
Image of Asclepias quadrifolia (Asclepiadaceae) - inflorescence - ventral view of flower + perianth
Asclepias incarnata SPAdes preassembly
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Asclepias incarnata decontaminated FSCR
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Asclepias incarnata decontaminated gx
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FIGURE 4 in Two new Mexican species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae; Asclepiadoideae; Asclepiadeae)
FIGURE 4. Comparison between flowers and types of Asclepias graogramanii and morphological related species. 1. A. graogramanii. 2. A. elata. 3. A. glaucescens. 4. A. macroura. Photographies from Naturalista by Julio Álvarez (1a, 3a, 3b, 4b), Muny Castillo (1b), Leticia Jiménez Hernández (2a), and Emmanuel Guevara Lazcano (4a). Types of the morphological related species. A. graogramanii (R. McVaugh 12211, MEXU!) (1c). A. elata (K.T. Hartweg s.n., K!) (2c). A. glaucescens (A.J.A. Bonpland & F.W.H.A. von Humboldt, 3920, P!) (3c). A. macroura (E. Palmer 344, GH!) (4c). Scale bar 1 cm.
FIGURE 1. Asclepias sauronii. A in Two new Mexican species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae; Asclepiadoideae; Asclepiadeae)
FIGURE 1. Asclepias sauronii. A. Known distribution of A. sauronii and morphological related species in the region of study. B. Habit. C. Fruit. D. Leaves. E. Inflorescences. Photographies from Naturalista by Alejandro Huereca (B,E), Arturo Cruz (C), and Leticia Jiménez Hernández (D).
FIGURE 3. Asclepias graogramanii. A in Two new Mexican species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae; Asclepiadoideae; Asclepiadeae)
FIGURE 3. Asclepias graogramanii. A. Known distribution of A. graogramanii and morphological related species in the region of study. B. Habit. C, D. Inflorescences. E. Apis mellifera. Photographies from Naturalista by Julio Álvarez (B, C, D), and Eréndira Canales (E).
FIGURE 2 in Two new Mexican species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae; Asclepiadoideae; Asclepiadeae)
FIGURE 2. Comparison between flowers and types of Asclepias sauronii and morphological related species. 1. A. sauronii 2. A. hypoleuca. 3. A. lemmonii. 4. A. otarioides. Photographs from Naturalista by Arturo Cruz (1a, 1b), ddoyle (2a), semiferalhiker (2b), José Jesús Sánchez Escalante (3a) Jason Ksepka (3b), and Leopoldo Hurtado (4a). Types of the morphological related species. A. sauronii (Hinton et al. 20460, GBH!) (1c). A. hypoleuca (C.G. Pringle s.n., P!) (2c). A. lemmonii (J.G. Lemmon 2814, GH!) (3c). A. otarioides (K.E. Roe 432, WIS!) (4c). Scale bar 1 cm.
Data from: Decline in milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) populations in central New Jersey over a one year period
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Data from: Phylogenetics of the African Asclepias complex (Apocynaceae) based on three plastid DNA regions
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Data from: Long and short-term responses of Asclepias species differ in respect to fire, grazing, and nutrient addition
Premise: The tallgrass prairie ecosystem has experienced a dramatic reduction over the last 150 years. This reduction has impacted the abundance of native grassland species including milkweeds (Asclepias). Methods: Here we use two long-term (27-year) datasets to examine how fire, grazing, and nutrient addition shape milkweed abundance in tallgrass prairie. We compare these results to a greenhouse experiment that varies nutrient levels in the absence competition, herbivory, and mutualistic relationships. Key Results: We find that Asclepias species exhibit broad patterns in response to burning regimes that do not include grazing, but experience more species-specific patterns in other combinations. Asclepias syriaca was the only species to increase in abundance in plots that included burning and nutrient addition. In the greenhouse we find that nitrogen significantly increases biomass while no effect of phosphorus was detected. Conclusions: These results indicate that A. syriaca will do best in settings with high nutrient loads, low competition, and no grazers. These characteristics define a small portion of the tallgrass prairie, while these conditions exemplify modern agricultural settings, which have replaced prairies. However, other milkweed examined did not share this pattern. This indicates that milkweed species will respond differently when exposed to agricultural settings, with some less able to cope with land conversion to pasture or row crop agriculture.
Data from: Population growth and sequestration of plant toxins along a gradient of specialization in four aphid species on the common milkweed Asclepias syriaca
Dietary specialization in insect herbivores has long been hypothesized to predict tolerance of plant defences, with more specialized herbivores being highly tolerant of and sometimes sequestering plant secondary compounds. Plant variation in secondary compounds should thus play an important and predictable role in shaping the performance and distribution of insect communities. We compared the performance of four naturally co-occurring aphid species on twenty genotypes of the common milkweed Asclepias syriaca. Genotypes of milkweed consistently differed in functional traits, including concentrations of toxic cardenolides, while the diet breadths of the four aphids ranged from broadly generalized to monophagous. The two more generalized species had the highest population growth rate overall, while growth rates decreased with increasing specialization. In contrast, honeydew exudation as a measure of phloem consumption increased with specialization; thus, resource-use efficiency was lower in specialist aphids. The two more generalized aphids grew best on genotypes with the highest plant growth rate (as an approximation for resource availability), while specialist aphids were not affected by plant growth. All four species contained apolar cardenolides in their bodies and excreted polar cardenolides, but only the most specialized aphid Myzocallis asclepiadis was negatively affected by increasing cardenolide concentrations of the host plant. Sequestration of cardenolides increased with diet specialization, with M. asclepiadis accumulating twice as much as any other species, perhaps explaining its susceptibility to plant cardenolides. Heritable plant traits differentially impacted co-occurring insect herbivores within the same guild. Generalist aphids were susceptible to variation in plant vigour but not defensive compounds. Increased host specialization resulted in lower resource-use efficiency, increased phloem throughput and ultimately higher cardenolide sequestration. Variation in these traits is thus likely to determine the relative distribution of generalist and specialist herbivores on plants in natural communities.
Asclepias quadrifolia (Asclepiadaceae) - leaf - on upper stem
Image of Asclepias quadrifolia (Asclepiadaceae) - leaf - on upper stem
Figure 2 from: Gudžinskas Z, Petrulaitis L, Žalneravičius E (2019) Asclepias speciosa (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae): a rare or unrecognized alien species in Europe? PhytoKeys 121: 29-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.121.33573
Figure 2 Inflorescences and individual flowers of Asclepiasspeciosa (a, c) and Asclepiassyriaca (b, d).
Data from: Population growth and sequestration of plant toxins along a gradient of specialization in four aphid species on the common milkweed Asclepias syriaca
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Data from: Long and short-term responses of Asclepias species differ in respect to fire, grazing, and nutrient addition
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Asclepias variegata (Asclepiadaceae) - whole plant - in flower - general view
Image of Asclepias variegata (Asclepiadaceae) - whole plant - in flower - general view
Figure 1 from: Gudžinskas Z, Petrulaitis L, Žalneravičius E (2019) Asclepias speciosa (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae): a rare or unrecognized alien species in Europe? PhytoKeys 121: 29-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.121.33573
Figure 1 Asclepiasspeciosa in a field of winter wheat (a) and at the edge of a woodland (b).
Figure 3 from: Gudžinskas Z, Petrulaitis L, Žalneravičius E (2019) Asclepias speciosa (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae): a rare or unrecognized alien species in Europe? PhytoKeys 121: 29-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.121.33573
Figure 3 Middle cauline leaves of Asclepiasspeciosa (a) and Asclepiassyriaca (b).
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