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FIGURE 5. Ptychognathus crassimanus Finnegan, 1931 in Integrative taxonomy study of brackish water crabs of the genus Ptychognathus Stimpson, 1858 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Varunidae) from Polynesia, with description of two new species

FIGURE 5. Ptychognathus crassimanus Finnegan, 1931: A, dorsal view of a living specimen; B, front view of a living specimen; C, ventral view; D, typical habitat of the species, Faakuaa River, Hiva Oa Island. Photo credits: É. Vigneux (A, B), J. Poupin (C) and G. Marquet (D).

FIGURE 4. Ptychognathus crassimanus Finnegan, 1931 in Integrative taxonomy study of brackish water crabs of the genus Ptychognathus Stimpson, 1858 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Varunidae) from Polynesia, with description of two new species

FIGURE 4. Ptychognathus crassimanus Finnegan, 1931: A, carapace; B, left third maxilliped; C, male cheliped; D, E, female cheliped; F, third pereiopod with inner view of dactylus; G, fifth pereiopod; H, male pleon; I, female pleon; J, male right first gonopod. MNHN-IU-2019-182 (A, B, C, F, G, H) male from Ua Pou Island; MNHN-IU-2019-183 (J) male from Hiva Oa Island; MNHN-IU-2011-9062 (E, D, I) female from Fatu Hiva Island.

FIGURE 3 in Integrative taxonomy study of brackish water crabs of the genus Ptychognathus Stimpson, 1858 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Varunidae) from Polynesia, with description of two new species

FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree obtained by Bayesian Inference from the single-locus 16S dataset. Numbers above branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities; numbers under branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values.

FIGURE 2 in Integrative taxonomy study of brackish water crabs of the genus Ptychognathus Stimpson, 1858 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Varunidae) from Polynesia, with description of two new species

FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree obtained by Bayesian Inference from the concatenated 16S and COI datasets. Numbers above branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities; numbers under branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values.

FIGURE 5 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 5. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Semithin section (1 µm) of the radioles. (A) Cross-section of two separated radioles with skeletal cells and blood vessel; (B) Longitudinal section of a radiolus with skeletal cells and blood vessel; bv blood vessel, scp skeletal cells of pinnules, scr skeletal cells of radioles, ss supporting sheath tissue. Scale bars: A, B = 50 µm.

FIGURE 3 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 3. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Semithin section (1 µm) of the branchial crown. (A) Seven pairs of separated radioles but connected by palmate membrane, with dorsal and ventral lips, dorsal pinnular appendages and ventral radiolar appendages visible; (B) Dorsal pinnular appendages fused with dorsalmost radioles; parallel lamella visible (14 µm basal of section A); (C) Left and right part of the ventral lip as well as the parallel lamella fused with one another (5 µm basal of section B); (D) Most radioles fused with one another; parallel lamella broadened (23 µm basal of section C); (E) Right part of dorsal lip fused with basal part of dorsalmost radiolus (22 µm basal of section D); (F) Right and left parts of dorsal lip fused with one another; parallel lamella disconnected in the middle (21 µm basal of section E); (G) Branchial crown fused with the collar ventrally; skeletal cell bars of the left and the right radiolar lobes distinctly separated (19 µm basal of section F); (H) Collar encloses branchial crown completely; mouth opening and dorsal pit visible; common stem of skeletal cells of the left and the right radiolar lobes (45 µm basal of section G); c collar, d dorsal, dl dorsal lip, dp dorsal porus, dpa dorsal pinnular appendage, m mouth opening, p pinnula, pl parallel lamella, pm palmate membrane, ra radiolus, tvp transverse lamellar process, v ventral, vl ventral lip, vra ventral radiolar appendage. Scale bars: A–H = 100 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 2. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Photographs from specimens collected in the Taganrog Bay, Sea of Azov. (A) Anterior end; (B) Complete specimen

FIGURE 1 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 1. Collection sites of Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. Pärnu Bay (1), Hollandse Ijssel (2), Van Harinxmakanaal (3), Kiel Canal (4), Hallsfjärden (5), Taganrog Bay (6).

FIGURE 7 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 7. Laonome spp. Methyl green staining pattern of peristomium and thoracic region. A–C. L. xeprovala sp. nov. (A) Ventral view; (B) Lateral view; (C) Dorsal view; D–F. L. calida. (D) Ventral view; (E) Lateral view; (F) Dorsal view; G–I. L. kroyeri. (G) Ventral view; (H) Lateral view; (I) Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–F = 500 µm, G–I = 1000 µm.

FIGURE 9 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 9. Laonome spp. Semithin section (1 µm) of the branchial crown. A–D. L. kroyeri. A. Ten pairs of separated radioles; dorsal lips, ventral lips and ventral radiolar appendages visible. Dorsal lips with blood vessel but without internal skeletal cells. B. Radioles, right and left part of ventral and dorsal lips fused with one another (250 µm basal of section A). C. Coelomic cavities of the median collar tips and those located laterally at the border of the ventral lip separated (64 µm basal of section B). D. Coelomic cavities of the median collar tips and those located laterally at the border of the merged ventral lip (41 µm basal of section C). E–H. L. triangularis. E. dorsal lips with internal skeletal cells. F. Radioles and right and left part of fused ventral lip, dorsal lips separated (77 µm basal of section E). G. Right and left part of dorsal lip fused, median part of the ventral lip fused with the collar (112 µm basal of section F). H. Coelomic cavities of the median collar tips and those located laterally at the border of the ventral lip merged; internal skeletal cells of the dorsal lips still visible (arrows; 11 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 100 µm. (abbr: c collar, d dorsal, dl dorsal lip, m mouth opening, p pinnula, ra radiolus, v ventral, vl ventral lip, vra ventral radiolar appendage).

FIGURE 4 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 4. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. SEM micrographs. (A) Anterior end, lateral view; (B) Distal end of radiolus; (C) First notopodium with one acicular spine and two transitional chaetae; (D) Second notopodium: superior with one acicular spine, one transitional chaeta, one capillary chaeta, and inferior with five paleate chaetae; (E) Third notopodium: superior with one transitional chaeta, three capillary chaetae, and inferior with five paleate chaetae; (F) Fourth notopodium: with four superior capillary chaetae and six inferior paleate chaetae; (G) Thoracic uncini and companion chaetae of chaetiger five; (H) Thoracic uncini of chaetiger six; (I) Transition between thorax and abdomen; (K) Posterior end, lateral view; (L) Abdominal uncini. Scale bars: A, K = 200 µm, B, I = 100 µm, C–F, L = 20 µm, G = 10 µm, H = 5 µm.

FIGURE 6 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 6. Laonome xeprovala sp. nov. (A) Anterior end, dorsolateral view; (B) Anterior end, ventral view; (C) Posterior end, lateral view; (D) Notopodial spines of the first chaetiger; (E) Inferior paleate chaetae of thoracic notopodia; (F) Companion chaeta of thoracic neuropodial; (G) Thoracic uncini; (H) Abdominal uncini. Scale bars: A, B = 200 µm, C = 100 µm, D = 20 µm, E, G, H = 10 µm, F = 5 µm.

FIGURE 8 in Description of a new species of Sabellidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) from fresh and brackish waters in Europe, with some remarks on the branchial crown of Laonome

FIGURE 8. Correspondence analysis of the character distribution similarities between specimens of the type series of L. calida and specimens of L. xeprovala sp. nov. from different European localities; holotypes indicated by red frame (for characters, see "Materials and methods").

FIGURE 5 in Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

FIGURE 5. Macrostomum spiriger Wang & Xin, n. sp.: (A) mature living animal, dorsal view; (B) mature living animal (slightly squeezed), ventral view; (C) the tail of the body; (D) seminal bursa and male copulatory apparatus; (E) a part of the female copulatory apparatus; (F–G) different views of the stylet; (H) the distal end of stylet; (I) immature sperm; (J) mature sperm.

FIGURE 9 in Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

FIGURE 9. The phylogenetic tree of 18S rDNA sequences generated with Bayesian-inference method (GTR+I+G).

FIGURE 8 in Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

FIGURE 8. The phylogenetic tree of 18S rDNA sequences generated with Maximum Likelihood method (bootstrap=1000, GTR+F+I+G4).

FIGURE 4 in Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

FIGURE 4. Macrostomum shenda Wang & Xin, n. sp.: (A) whole body, ventral view; (B) profile of the tail; (C) male copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E) mature sperm.

FIGURE 6 in Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

FIGURE 6. Macrostomum spiriger Wang & Xin, n. sp.: (A) horizontal whole body section; (B–D) different sections of the seminal bursa and female antrum; (E) the highly lobulate testes; (F–H) longitudinal whole body sections.

FIGURE 3 in Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

FIGURE 3. Macrostomum shenda Wang & Xin, n. sp.: (A) mounted specimen, ventral view; (B) horizontal whole body section; (C–F) longitudinal whole body sections.

FIGURE 2 in Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

FIGURE 2. Macrostomum shenda Wang & Xin, n. sp.: (A) mature living animal (slightly squeezed), ventral view; (B) testes and ovaries; (C) male copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E–F) sperm.