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824 results for “Discrimination”
Dataset accompanying: Directional biosonar beams allow echolocating harbour porpoises to actively discriminate and intercept closely-spaced targets
<p>These datasets accompany the manuscript "Directional biosonar beams allow echolocating harbour porpoises to actively discriminate and intercept closely-spaced targets". Three XLSX spreadsheets contain data for trial-specific variables (Dataset A, n=120, used for trial duration, discrimination success, number of scans, buzz duration, range to target at buzz onset, range to target at discrimination), on-axis click candidates (Dataset B, n=1810, used for delta T, delta EL), and true on-axis clicks (Dataset C, n=906, used for SL and bearing calculations). Units of each variable are denoted in the column headers. Details on data collection, curation, and analysis can be found in the Malinka<em> et al</em>. publication ([insert link to DOI once available]).</p> <p>For comments/questions, please contact chloe.e.malinka [at] bio.au.dk</p>
Data for Bernabeu-Herrero et al, Mutations causing premature termination codons discriminate and generate cellular and clinical variability in HHT
<p>This dataset is for the 2024 manuscript<strong>: </strong></p> <p><strong>Bernabéu-Herrero ME, Patel D, Bielowka A, Zhu J, Jain K, Mackay IS, Chaves Guerrero P, Emanuelli G, Jovine L, Noseda M, Marciniak SJ, Aldred MA, Shovlin CL. </strong></p> <p><strong>Mutations causing premature termination codons discriminate and generate cellular and clinical variability in HHT. </strong></p> <p><strong>Blood. 2024 May 30;143(22):2314-2331. </strong></p> <p><strong>doi: 10.1182/blood.2023021777. PMID: 38457357; PMCID: PMC11181359.</strong></p> <p>It was originally uploaded in 2021 ahead of an earlier manuscript submission<br>- see https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.05.471269v1</p>
Figure 3 in Inferring life history from ovipositor morphology in parasitoid wasps using phylogenetic regression and discriminant analysis
Figure 3. Measurements used in the analyses. See Table 3 for further explanation of characters.
Noise data for the study of consonant-in-noise discrimination using an auditory model with different speech-based decision devices
<p>The data stored in this repository correspond to two sets of 5000 speech-shaped noises (SSN) that were used in the conference paper titled "Consonant-in-noise discrimination using an auditory model with different speech-based decision devices" by the same authors, presented in the DAGA conference in Vienna, Austria, on 17/08/2021. </p> <p>The two zip files (<strong>osses2021c_S01</strong> and <strong>osses2021c_S02</strong> for participants S01 and S02, respectively) have following structure:</p> <ul> <li><strong>NoiseStim-SSN</strong>: Folder containing the 5000 noises</li> <li><strong>Results</strong>: Results of the listening experiment collected using the fastACI toolbox (https://github.com/aosses-tue/fastACI).</li> </ul> <p>To obtain similar results for other participants the same experiment has to be run using the fastACI toolbox. For instance, to collect new data for participant 'S03', you have to input the following command in MATLAB:</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">fastACI_experiment('speechACI_varnet2013','S03','SSN');</code></pre>
Liolophura species discrimination with geographical distribution patterns and their divergence and expansion history on the northwestern Pacific coast
<p>Please refer to Choi et al. (2021): "Choi, E.H., Yeo, M.Y., Kim, G. <i>et al.</i> <i>Liolophura</i> species discrimination with geographical distribution patterns and their divergence and expansion history on the northwestern Pacific coast. <i>Sci Rep</i> <b>11, </b>17602 (2021).</p> <p>The chiton <em>Liolophura japonica</em> (Lischke, 1873) is widely distributed in intertidal coastal areas of the northwestern Pacific. Here we show species discrimination of <em>L. japonica</em> into two species and one subspecies based on <em>COI</em> and <em>16S rRNA</em>;<em> L. koreana</em>, sp. nov. was mainly distributed at ca. 33°24'–38°32' N, <em>L. japonica</em> at ca. 33°24'–35°53' N, and <em>L. j. sinensis</em>, ssp. nov. at ca. 27°02'–28°00' N. These species were morphologically distinguishable by black spots on the tegmentum and the shape of spicules on the perinotum. In addition, we have discussed their molecular divergence times (3.37 mya for<em> L. koreana </em>and<em> L. japonica</em>, around the mid Pliocene warm period; 1.84 mya for <em>L. japonica </em>and <em>L. j. sinensis</em>), demographic expansion events following the last interglacial age, called the Eemian (129–116 kya), and augmentation of <em>COI</em> haplotype diversity during the late-middle to late Pleistocene. Their latitudinal geographical distribution gradients may be helpful for monitoring the migration of marine 38 invertebrates north, fostered by global warming in the northwestern Pacific.</p>
Dataset: Discriminating Types of Volcanic Electrical Activity
<p>This data set contains Lightning Mapping Array data and broadband VHF waveforms of electrical activity during three explosive eruptions of Sakurajima volcano in Japan in 2019 and 2020. The included README file contains pertinent information about each data set.</p>
PsPM-LSOA: Pupil size response, SCR, EMG, ECG and respiration measurement from a classical (Pavlovian) discriminant delay fear conditioning task
<p>This dataset includes eye tracker (including pupillometry), skin conductance, EMG, ECG and respiratory measurements. Also included are task information, keypress responses, keypress response times and key correctness for each of 22 healthy unmedicated participants (13 females and 9 males aged 25.3 +/- 4.3 years) participating in a classical (Pavlovian) discriminant delay fear conditioning task. CS consists of two sine tones with constant frequency (135 Hz or 300 Hz). Assignment of CS frequency to CS-/CS+ is randomised across participants. US is a train of electric square pulses delivered with a constant current stimulator (Digitimer DS7A, Digitimer, Welwyn Garden City, UK) on participants' dominant forearm through a pin-cathode/ring-anode configuration. SOA betwen the CS and US is 7.5 s. The ITI is randomly determined on each trial to be 10.0 +/- 1.4 s.</p>
Hosts winnow symbionts with multiple layers of absolute and conditional discrimination mechanisms
<p>In mutualism, hosts select symbionts via partner choice and preferentially direct more resources to symbionts that provide greater benefits via sanctions. At the initiation of symbiosis, prior to resource exchange, it is not known how the presence of multiple symbiont options (i.e., the symbiont social environment) impacts partner choice outcomes. Furthermore, little research addresses whether hosts primarily discriminate among symbionts via sanctions, partner choice or a combination. We inoculated the legume, <em>Acmispon</em> <em>wrangelianus</em>, with 28 pairs of fluorescently labeled <em>Mesorhizobium</em> strains that vary continuously in quality as nitrogen-fixing symbionts. We find that hosts exert robust partner choice, which enhances their fitness. This partner choice is conditional such that a strain's success in initiating nodules is impacted by other strains in the social environment. This social genetic effect is as important as a strain's own genotype in determining nodulation and has both transitive (consistent) and intransitive (idiosyncratic) effects on the probability that a symbiont will form a nodule. Furthermore, both absolute and conditional partner choice act in concert with sanctions, among and within nodules. Thus, multiple forms of host discrimination act as a series of sieves that optimize host benefits and select for costly symbiont cooperation in mixed symbiont populations.</p>
Sr-Nd isotopic fingerprints of Red River sediments and its implication for provenance discrimination in the South China Sea
<p>Supplementary Data of the Manuscript titled 'Revisit Sr-Nd isotopic fingerprints of Red River sediments and its implication for provenance discrimination in the South China Sea'</p> <p>Table A1. elemental compositions of Red River estuarine sediment samples</p> <p>Table A2. Literature data on sediment Sr-Nd isotopic ratios, Rb/Sr and K<sub>2</sub>O/(Na<sub>2</sub>O+CaO) in the Red River catchment</p> <p>Table A3. Compiled data on Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of rocks in the Thao River, Song Da and Song Lo basin</p> <p>Table A4. Compiled data of sediment Sr-Nd isotopic composition in the Pearl River, Red River and Mekong River</p>
Identification of glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficient patients by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy using partial least squares discriminant analysis in aqueous blood samples
<p>Dataset of associated MIR spectra collected in the titled study</p> <p>Baseline: spectrum of air</p> <p>Water: spectrum of deionised water</p> <p>P#_M/F_GD/P/C/T/U_WB/PL/RBC_D/AQ_R: sample spectrum with each section representing the following</p> <ul> <li>P#: patient number 1-30</li> <li>M (male) or F(Female)</li> <li>GD (G6PD deficient), P (Partially G6PD deficient), C & T & ET(Control), U(Unknown) <ul> <li>P10, P28, P29, & P30 were determined later to be P, C, C, P respectively</li> </ul> </li> <li>WB (whole blood), PL (plasma), RBC (red blood cells)</li> <li>D (dried sample spectrum), AQ (aqueous sample spectrum)</li> </ul>
Data for: Chloride-dependent mechanisms of multimodal sensory discrimination and nociceptive sensitization in Drosophila
<p>Individual sensory neurons can be tuned to many stimuli, each driving unique, stimulus-relevant behaviors, and the ability of multimodal nociceptor neurons to discriminate between potentially harmful and innocuous stimuli is broadly important for organismal survival. Moreover, disruptions in the capacity to differentiate between noxious and innocuous stimuli can result in neuropathic pain. <em>Drosophila</em> larval Class III (CIII) neurons are peripheral noxious cold nociceptors and innocuous touch mechanosensors; high levels of activation drive cold-evoked contraction (CT) behavior, while low levels of activation result in a suite of touch-associated behaviors. However, it is unknown what molecular factors underlie CIII multimodality. Here, we show that the TMEM16/anoctamins <em>subdued</em> and <em>white walker</em> (<em>wwk</em>; <em>CG15270</em>) are required for cold-evoked CT, but not for touch-associated behavior, indicating a conserved role for anoctamins in nociception. We also evidence that CIII neurons make use of atypical depolarizing chloride currents to encode cold, and that overexpression of <em>ncc69</em>-a fly homologue of <em>NKCC1</em>-results in phenotypes consistent with neuropathic sensitization, including behavioral sensitization and neuronal hyperexcitability, making <em>Drosophila</em> CIII neurons a candidate system for future studies of the basic mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain</p>
Human eye movements during letter discrimination
<p>Human eye movement data from 6 subjects (de-identified), corresponding to the data analyzed and reported in Lin et al., Current Biology 2023. All trials with satisfactory eye tracking are included.</p>
Dual mechanisms by which DNA polymerase epsilon discriminates ribonucleotides
<p>Topologies, parameters, and molecular dynamics simulation files to run simulations of the wild-type and M644G variants of DNA Polymerase epsilon bound to deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).</p>
Data from: Sulfur isotopic discrimination factors differ among avian tissues and diets: Insights from a case study in Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua)
<p>The use of stable isotopes of sulfur (δ<sup>34</sup>S) to infer avian diets, foraging habitats, and movements is relatively uncommon, resulting in a lack of information on patterns of δ<sup>34</sup>S incorporation in avian tissue. In a controlled study of Gentoo Penguins (<em>Pygoscelis</em> <em>papua</em>), we found that diet-tissue isotopic discrimination factors (Δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>diet-tissue</sub>) differed among egg components and feathers synthesized from a common diet, ranging from -0.4 to -1.7 ‰. We also found that methodical choices such as lipid extraction and prey tissue selection influenced calculated Δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>diet-tissue</sub> values. Specifically, Δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>diet-tissue</sub> values were lower (i.e., more negative) when calculated using whole fish relative to fish muscle and lipid-extraction biased egg yolk, but not fish tissue, δ<sup>34</sup>S values. Δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>diet-tissue</sub> values obtained for Gentoo Penguins fed a marine fish diet were generally lower than those reported for freshwater-fish-consuming Double-crested Cormorants (<em>Phalacrocorax</em> <em>auritus</em>), the only other bird species in which Δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>diet-tissue</sub> has been quantified. We found support for the hypothesis that tissue Δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>diet-tissue</sub> values are inversely related to dietary δ<sup>34</sup>S values in birds, similar to what has been observed in mammals. Given<span> this relationship, the discrimination factors reported here for </span>Gentoo Penguins <span>may be broadly applicable to other avian species with a similar marine diet.</span> Finally, we provide recommendations for future studies seeking to quantify Δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>diet-tissue</sub> in avian tissues and guidance to allow for greater application of sulfur stable isotope analysis in ornithological research.</p>
WP4 Deliverable 4.1 Literature Review- Legitimate Crisis Governance in the Context of Human, Rights, Minority Rights and the Principle of Non-Discrimination
<p>The Covid-19 pandemic and crisis management dominate media and scholarly literature since 2020. The literature review shows that human rights, their limitation(s) and suspension as well as impact(s) of crisis management on democracy, legitimacy, diverse (social) minorities, marginalized groups and border communities are often mentioned, but seldom focussed on. LEGITIMULT project on legitimate democratic crisis governance in multilevel systems combines multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approaches, qualitative and quantitative research methods in studying those complex and dynamic phenomena. As a deliverable of this project, the paper focuses on the impact(s) of crisis management, policies and measures (particularly restrictive and repressive ones), on human rights, minority rights and protection of minorities as well as on the principle of non-discrimination. Qualitative approaches and methods prove the most suitable for studying the perceptions of persons belonging to diverse minorities on democracy and legitimacy of crisis management and governance in respective environments.</p>
Dataset for Tempotron-based pulse shape discrimination
<p>This dataset consists of 9,404 radiation pulse signals of neutrons and gamma-rays, including approximately 2,000 neutron events and over 7,000 gamma ray events. Each pulse signal has a length of about 280 ns, and the dataset is saved in txt format, which can be read using the loadtxt function supported by the NumPy library.</p>
Figure 3 in DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVAE OF CRICOTOPUS FESTIVELLUS (KIEFFER 1906) AND CRICOTOPUS DIVERSUS (BOESEL 1983) WITH KEYS TO DISCRIMINATION OF LARVAL, PUPAL AND ADULT STAGES (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE) Abstract
Figure 3. Cricotopus festivellus; lateral tufts on segment 6 and 7. Veluwerandmeer, 5 October 2016.
Data from: Keep numbers in view: Red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) learn to discriminate relative quantities
<p><span>The ability to discriminate relative quantities, one of the numerical competences, is considered as an adaptive trait in uncertain environments. Besides humans, previous studies have reported this capacity in several non-human primates and birds.</span><span> Here, we test whether red-eared sliders (<em>Trachemys scripta elegans</em>) can </span><span>discriminate different relative quantities</span><span>. Subjects were first trained to distinguish different stimuli with food reward. Then, they were tested with novel stimuli pairs to demonstrate how they distinguished the stimuli. The r</span><span>esults show that most subjects can complete the initial training and use relative quantity rather than absolute quantity to make choices during testing phase. This study provides behavioural evidence of relative quantity</span> <span>discrimination in a reptile species, and suggests that such capacity may be widespread among vertebrates.</span></p>
Data from: Geographical variation and discrimination of social calls in male great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats: Do functionally similar calls have similar patterns?
<p><span>Geographical variation in animals' acoustic signals has received much attention. However, few studies have compared the patterns and underlying selective forces driving geographical divergence of vocalizations with similar and different functions within the same species. Also, the social consequences of geographical divergence in acoustic signals are still rather poorly understood. Here we recorded three types of social calls of male great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats (<em>Hipposideros armiger</em>) across eight colonies in China. Two calls share similar functions and the third has a function distinct from the other two. We examined the patterns and causes of geographical variation of each of these calls. We found that all three calls had significant geographic variation with similar patterns of spatial variation. Only one of the two social calls with similar functions was found to be affected by genetic drift, while the other two calls</span> <span>were not affected by selection and drift, or morphological constraints. Furthermore, we found that bats could discriminate between vocalizations of their own colony and those of an allopatric colony. Overall, these results suggest that acoustic signals with similar functions may be shaped by different driving forces and acoustic signals with different functions may exhibit similar geographical patterns. This study expands our limited knowledge of the patterns of geographical variation of vocalizations emitted at different emotional states and highlights the importance of comparing simultaneously patterns and causes of geographical divergence of vocalizations with similar and different functions.</span></p>
Data_Discrimination between the effects of pulsed electrical stimulation and electrochemically conditioned medium on human osteoblasts
<p>This publication contains the original data supporting our results concerning the application of biphasic pulsed electrical stimulation on MG-63 cells. We aim to discriminate between effects of the electric field and electrochemically conditioned medium. The dataset consists of the original output files, excel sheets to consolidate the information for the experiments as well as Readme.txt files with most important information concerning the data. For additional information on the material and methods as well as results see the corresponding research article.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.