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91,407 results for “Effects With / Effects Of”
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Priority effects in coral-macroalgae interactions can drive alternate community paths in the absence of top-down control, data for Adam 2022 Ecology
These data were generated in support of the manuscript: Adam TC, Holbrook SJ, Burkepile DE, Speare KE, Brooks AJ, Ladd MC, Shantz AA, Thurber RLV, and Schmitt RJ, Ecology The outcomes of species interactions can vary greatly in time and space with the outcomes of some interactions determined by priority effects. On coral reefs, benthic algae rapidly colonize the disturbed substrate. In the absence of top-down control from herbivorous fishes, these algae can inhibit the recruitment of reef-building corals, leading to a persistent phase shift to a macroalgae-dominated state. Yet, corals may also inhibit colonization by macroalgae, and thus the effects of herbivores on algal communities may be strongest following disturbances that reduce coral cover. Here, we report results from experiments conducted on the fore reef of Moorea, French Polynesia, where we: 1) tested the ability of macroalgae to invade coral-dominated and coral-depauperate communities under different levels of herbivory, 2) explored the ability of juvenile corals (Pocillopora spp.) to suppress macroalgae, and 3) quantified the direct and indirect effects of fish herbivores and corallivores on juvenile corals. We found that macroalgae proliferated when herbivory was low but only in recently disturbed communities where coral cover was also low. When coral cover was < 10%, macroalgae increased 20-fold within one year under reduced herbivory conditions relative to high herbivory controls. Yet, when coral cover was high (50%), macroalgae were suppressed irrespective of the level of herbivory despite ample space for algal colonization. Once established in communities with low herbivory and low coral cover, macroalgae suppressed recruitment of coral larvae, reducing the capacity for coral replenishment. However, when we experimentally established small juvenile corals (2 cm diameter) following a disturbance, juvenile corals inhibited macroalgae from invading local neighborhoods, even in the absence of herbivore
Effects of paternal temperature on larval performance in purple sea urchin
The data is used to support the manuscript “Leach, T. S., Hofmann, G. E. (2023). Marine heatwave temperatures enhance larval performance but are meditated by paternal thermal history and inter-individual differences in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Frontiers in Physiology. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1230590”
SBC LTER: Effect of algal diet on consumption, growth, and gonad weight of the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus pupuratus)
Data are for an experiment evaluating the effects of algal diet on consumption, growth, and gonad weight of an important kelp forest grazer, the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus pupuratus over a 13 week period (November 2010 - February 2011). Four co-occurring species of macroalgae known to be part of its diet were offered: two kelps Macrocystis pyrifera and Pterygophora californica, and the red algae Chondracanthus corymbiferus and Rhodymenia californica. During 9 consectutive trials in a controlled laboratory setting, we measured consumption, test (exoskeleton) growth, jaw growth, change in whole body wet weight and gonad weight of urchins fed one of five experimental diets. The algae chosen represent a large proportion (> 75%) of the algal biomass in Santa Barbara Channel reefs (California, USA). Changes in the availability of these four species of macroalgae could have large implications for the performance of purple sea urchins and consequently, for the structure of subtidal reef communities. These data are presented in a paper describing the effects of five southern California macroalgal diets on the consumption, growth and gonad weight of the purple sea urchin: Matthew C. Foster, M., Byrnes, J. E. K., D. C. Reed. 2015. Effects of five southern California macroalgal diets on consumption, growth and gonad weight in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. PeerJ. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.719
Data to support "Stochastic density effects on adult fish survival and implications for population fluctuations"
Data on stage-specific abundance of black surfperch (Embiotoca jacksoni), the amount of foraging habitat and the availability of surfperch prey (crustaceans) were collected at fixed sites on the north shore of Santa Cruz Island, California annually (autumn) from 1993-2009. Data are grouped into four regions. Counts of fish distinguished among young-of-year, juveniles (1 year old) and adults (>= 2 years old). These data have been presented in Okamoto, D. K., R. J. Schmitt and S. J. Holbrook. 2016. Sochastic density effects on adult fish survival and implications for population fluctuations. Ecology Letters, 19:153-162. doi: 10.1111/ele.12547.
Context dependency of effect of fungal connections between plants and biocrusts
Conceptual context: Species interactions may couple the resource dynamics of different primary producers and may enhance productivity by reducing loss from the system. In low-resource systems, this biotic control may be especially important for maintaining productivity. In drylands, the activities of vascular plants and biological soil crusts can be decoupled in space because biocrusts grow on the soil surface but plant roots are underground, and decoupled in time due to biocrusts activating with smaller precipitation events than plants. Soil fungi are hypothesized to functionally couple the plants and biocrusts by transporting nutrients. We studied whether disrupting fungi between biocrusts and plants reduces nitrogen transfer and retention and decreases primary production as predicted by the fungal loop hypothesis. Additionally, we compared varying precipitation regimes that can drive different timing and depth of biological activities. Methodological approach: We used field mesocosms in which the potential for fungal connections between biocrusts and roots remained intact or were impeded by mesh. We imposed a precipitation regime of small, frequent or large, infrequent rain events. We used 15N to track fungal-mediated nitrogen (N) transfer. We quantified microbial carbon use efficiency and plant and biocrust production and N content.
Examining effects of arousal on responses to salient and non-salient stimuli in younger and older adults
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Repetition of Computer Security Warnings Results in Differential Repetition Suppression Effects as Revealed with Functional MRI
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Neural mechanisms of musical syntax and tonality, and the effect of musicianship
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Investigating the Effects of Embodiment on Emotional Categorization of Faces and Words in Children and Adults
<p>The three data files uploaded here contain the data used for the analyses in experiments 1a, 1b, and 2 as described in the article carrying the same title as this dataset, published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology. All analyses were carried out in SPSS version 22 as described in the published article.</p> <p>Article Abstract:</p> <p>The facial feedback hypothesis (FFH) indicates that besides being involved in the production of facial expressions, the musculature of the face also influences one’s perception of emotional stimuli. Recently, this effect has been the focus of increased scrutiny as efforts to replicate a key study with adult participants supporting this hypothesis, using the so-called “pen-in-the-mouth” task, have not been successful at several labs. Our series of experiments attempted to investigate whether the assumed embodiment effect can be reproduced in a simplified emotional categorization task for emotional faces and words. We also wanted to test whether the embodiment effect can be detected in children because it is assumed that their bodily processes are especially closely linked with their sensory and cognitive processes. Our experiments involved child and adult participants categorizing faces and words as positive or negative as quickly as possible, while inducing a positive or negative facial or bodily state (holding a straw in the mouth such that a smile or a frown was generated, or creating a positive or negative body posture). The positive or negative facial and bodily states could therefore be either congruent or incongruent with the valence of the target face and word stimuli. Our results did not show any significant differences between the congruent and incongruent conditions in either children or adults. This suggests that embodiment effects either do not significantly impact valence-based categorization or are not strong enough to be detected by our approach considering the sample size in the present study.</p>
Artificial Intelligence for EU Decision-Making: Effects on Citizens Perceptions of Input, Throughput and Output Legitimacy
<p>The uploaded dataset was used for the statistical analysis of the pre-print "Artificial Intelligence for EU Decision-Making: Effects on Citizens’ Perceptions of Input, Throughput and Output Legitimacy" (Permanent identifier: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.11320">arXiv:2003.11320</a>)</p> <p>A lack of political legitimacy undermines the ability of the European Union (EU) to resolve major crises and threatens the stability of the system as a whole. By integrating digital data into political processes, the EU seeks to base decision-making increasingly on sound empirical evidence. In particular, artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to increase political legitimacy by identifying pressing societal issues, forecasting potential policy outcomes, informing the policy process, and evaluating policy effectiveness. This paper investigates how citizens’ perceptions of EU input, throughput, and output legitimacy are influenced by three distinct decision-making arrangements: (1) independent human decision-making (HDM); (2) independent algorithmic decision-making (ADM) by AI-based systems; and (3) hybrid decision-making by EU politicians and AI-based systems together. The results of a pre-registered online experiment (n = 572) suggest that existing EU decision-making arrangements are still perceived as the most democratic (input legitimacy). However, regarding the decision-making process itself (throughput legitimacy) and its policy outcomes (output legitimacy), no difference was observed between the status quo and hybrid decision-making involving both ADM and democratically elected EU institutions. Where ADM systems are the sole decision-maker, respondents tend to perceive these as illegitimate. The paper discusses the implications of these findings for (a) EU legitimacy and (b) data-driven policy-making.</p>
Effects of DOM on benthic algae in northern lakes
<p><em>Differences in dissolved organic matter among lakes can impact the ecology of benthic primary producers by altering the availability of nutrients (positive relationship with DOM) and light (negative relationship with DOM). While these effects and their interaction has been explored for pelagic algae through field and modeling studies, the effects of DOM on production by benthic algae is less well understood. This dataset represents a field-based experiment to investigate the pattern in benthic algal growth and nutrient limitation along a regional DOM gradient among lakes in Boreal and Arctic Sweden. </em></p>
Gate tunability of highly efficient spin-to-charge conversion by spin Hall effect in graphene proximitized with WSe2
<p>Data associated with "Gate tunability of highly efficient spin-to-charge conversion by spin Hall effect in graphene proximitized with WSe<sub>2</sub>" </p> <p>Publication: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.09227">https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.09227</a> and <a href="https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0006101">https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0006101</a></p> <p><br> </p>
NAQPMS simulation results for analysis the effects of regional transport on haze in the North China Plain
<p>This directory contains data generated and used for paper "Effects of regional transport on haze in the North China Plain: transport of precursors or secondary inorganic aerosols".</p> <p>This dataset contains the observed and simulated aerosols components of Beijing and surrounding cities; regional sources of secondary inrganic aerosols in Beijing; sources of secondary inorganic aerosols under relative clean and polluted conditions; and average differences of regional contribution to secondary inorganic aerosols between clean and polluted conditions; and data for supporting figures.</p>
Data from a Large-Scale Experiment to Evaluate the Effects of Trapping to Control Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) in The Netherlands
<p>This data set supports the publication 'A Large-Scale Experiment to Evaluate the Effects of Trapping to Control Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) in The Netherlands' by Daan Bos, Emiel van Loon, Erik Klop and Ron Ydenberg. (the paper was accepted for publication in Wildlife Society Bulletin in 2020)</p> <p>The Muskrat is an invasive species in Europe and in the Netherlands muskrat burrowing can compromise the integrity of dykes and hence poses a public safety threat. For that reason a control programme has been in effect since the arrival of the species in 1941. To investigate the relation between catch and effort and enhance prediction models, a large randomized controlled experiment was designed and conducted from 2013 till 2016. The publication by Bos et al. (2020) analyses the experimental results and here we present and document the experimental data. See the readme.md file for further information.</p>
Evaluating the microscopic effect of brushing stone tools as a cleaning procedure [Python analysis]
<p>This upload includes the following files related to the Python analysis:</p> <ol> <li>Raw data as a XLSX table (brushing_v2.xlsx), i.e. results from R Script #1 (see <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632517">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632517</a>)</li> <li>Python script of the whole analysis (RunEveryParameter.py)</li> <li>Convenience script for running RunEveryParameter.py in background and logging all output (RunSingleParametesBash.sh)</li> <li>Log file for output of sampling from the model for each parameter in a loop (logAll.txt)</li> <li>Jupyter notebooks of the analysis run on <em>epLsar</em> as an example (Notebook_SingleParameter.inpyb) and of a summary of the whole analysis (Notebook_Overview.ipynb), plus associated HTML output files (*.html)</li> <li>For each parameter:</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Full samples of parameter values (*.pkl)</li> <li>Energy plots of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (*_Energy.pdf)</li> <li>Contrast plots between each treatment (BrushDirt = Is_Is, BrushNoDirt = Is_No, RubDirt = No_Is) and the control (No_No) (*_Contrasts.pdf)</li> <li>Trace plots for each parameter (*_Trace.pdf)</li> <li>Distribution of posteriors for each parameter (*_Posterior.pdf)</li> <li>Prior and posterior predictive distributions for each parameter (*_PriorPosterior.pdf)</li> </ul> <p>Instructions to download all files at once are given here: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4011952">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4011952</a></p>
Patient-derived and artificial ascites have minor effects on MeT-5A mesothelial cells and do not facilitate ovarian cancer cell adhesion
<p>Raw data of "Patient-derived and artificial ascites have minor effects on MeT-5A mesothelial cells and do not facilitate ovarian cancer cell adhesion".</p>
Effect of changing ocean circulation on deep ocean temperature in the last millennium: simulation output data
<ul> <li>This dataset contains the output of model simulations used in the paper:<br> Scheen, Jeemijn and Stocker, Thomas F., "Effect of changing ocean circulation on deep ocean temperature in the last millennium", Earth System Dynamics Discussions, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-925-2020, 2020 </li> <li>All figures can be reproduced when combining this dataset with the published analysis code. <br> </li> <li>In addition this dataset contains the data behind Fig. 2 of the paper:<br> Gebbie, G. and Huybers, P. : "The Little Ice Age and 20th-century deep Pacific cooling", Science, 363, 70-74, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar8413, 2019<br> </li> <li>Download either the small (unzipped 5 Gb) or large (unzipped 22 Gb) version of the dataset. <strong>Warning: this needs to be loaded into memory when running the notebook.</strong> You only need the small version to run the github notebook and reproduce the figures, but you are free to explore additional variables in the large version.</li> </ul> <p>Overview of doi's:</p> <ul> <li>paper: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-925-2020">https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-925-2020</a></li> <li>code (analysis and figures): <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022947">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022947</a></li> <li>data (simulation output): <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022927">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022927</a></li> </ul>
Effect of net direct current on the properties of radio frequency sheaths: simulation and cross-code comparison
<p>The accompanying files contain digital data for figures in the article "Effect of net direct current on the properties of radio frequency sheaths: simulation and cross-code comparison" by J. R. Myra, M.T. Elias, D. Curreli, and T. G. Jenkins, submitted to the journal Nucl. Fusion.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>In order to understand, predict and control ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) interactions with tokamak scrape-off layer plasmas, computational tools which can model radio frequency (RF) sheaths are needed. In particular, models for the effective surface impedance and DC rectified sheath potentials may be coupled with full wave RF simulation codes to predict self-consistent wave fields near surfaces and the resulting power dissipation and plasma-material interactions from ion sputtering. In this study, previous work assuming zero net DC current flow through the sheath is generalized to allow the surface to collect net positive or negative current, as is often observed in experiments. The waveforms, DC potential and RF admittance are investigated by means of analytical theory, nonlinear fluid and particle-in-cell (PIC) codes. Cross-code comparisons provide detailed model verification and elucidate the roles of ion and electron kinetics. When the sheath draws negative (positive) DC current, the voltage rectification is reduced (increased) compared with the zero-current case, and both the real and imaginary parts of the admittance are increased (reduced). A previous four-input parametrization of the sheath rectification and admittance properties is generalized to include a fifth parameter describing the DC sheath current. </p>
The Effects of Asymmetric Dark Matter on Stellar Evolution I: Spin-Dependent Scattering - Supporting Data
<p>Supporting code and data for the paper: </p> <p><em>The Effects of Asymmetric Dark Matter on Stellar Evolution I: Spin-Dependent Scattering</em></p> <p>Raen (2020)</p> <p><strong>Supporting code</strong> includes `run_star_extras.f`, inlist templates, and our dark matter module (to be used in conjunction with MESA: <a href="http://mesa.sourceforge.net/index.html">Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics</a>). The full source code used in the production of this paper is available at <a href="https://github.com/troyraen/DM-in-Stars/">github.com/troyraen/DM-in-Stars</a> in the Raen2020 branch. (The master branch is intended for use by those wishing to use our module to explore DM effects beyond the scope of this paper.) We used MESA version 12115, and MESA SDK version 20190830.</p> <p><strong>Model data</strong> includes MESA history and profile data for the models highlighted in the paper (<span class="math-tex">\(1.0\ \mathrm{M}_\odot\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(3.5\ \mathrm{M}_\odot\)</span> models with <span class="math-tex">\(\Gamma_B = 0\)</span> (no dark matter), <span class="math-tex">\(\Gamma_B = 10^4\)</span>, and <span class="math-tex">\(\Gamma_B = 10^6\)</span>). The specific inlists used to generate the models are also included. Additional data will be shared on reasonable request to the paper's corresponding author.</p>
Transcriptome analysis of the effect of over-expressing H2A.J mutants in proliferating WI38 fibroblasts for the paper entitled: The H2A.J histone variant contributes to Interferon-Stimulated Gene expression in senescence by its weak interaction with H1 and the derepression of repeated DNA sequences
<p>Abstract for overall study:</p> <p>The histone variant H2A.J was previously shown to accumulate in senescent human fibroblasts with persistent DNA damage to promote inflammatory gene expression, but its mechanism of action was unknown. We show that H2A.J accumulation contributes to weakening the association of histone H1 to chromatin and increasing its turnover. Decreased H1 in senescence is correlated with increased expression of some repeated DNA sequences, increased expression of STAT/IRF transcription factors, and transcriptional activation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes (ISGs). The H2A.J-specific Val-11 moderates the transcriptional activity of H2A.J, and H2A.J-specific Ser-123 can be phosphorylated in response to DNA damage with potentiation of its transcriptional activity by the phospho-mimetic S123E mutation. Our work demonstrates the functional importance of H2A.J-specific residues and potential mechanisms for its function in promoting inflammatory gene expression in senescence.</p> <p>Specific description for this dataset:</p> <p>H2A.J differs from canonical H2A only by a valine at position 11 instead of alanine, and the 7 C-terminal amino acids containing a potential minimal phosphorylation site SQ for DNA-damage response kinases. To test the functional importance of these H2A.J-specific sequences, we mutated Val-11 to Ala as is found in all canonical H2A sequences, and we mutated Ser-123 to either Glu to mimic a phospho-serine residue or to Ala to prevent phosphorylation. We also substituted the C-terminus of H2A.J with the C-terminus of H2A. These mutants, WT-H2A.J and canonical H2A-type1 were ectopically expressed in proliferating fibroblasts, and their microarray transcriptomes were compared to that of proliferating and senescent fibroblasts without ectopic histone expression. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis indicated that senescent fibroblasts clustered distinctly from proliferating fibroblasts, and proliferating fibroblasts expressing the H2A.J-V11A and H2A.J-S123E mutants clustered distinctly from fibroblasts expressing the other H2A.J mutants, WT-H2A.J, and H2A. Hallmark gene set enrichment analysis of the transcriptomes of fibroblasts expressing H2A.J-V11A or H2A.J-S123E versus control proliferating fibroblasts indicated that they showed the same highly significant enrichment for the Epithelial-Mesenchyme Transition, TNF-Alpha Signaling Via NF-kB, and Inflammatory Response gene sets. Notable inflammatory genes including IL1A, IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, and CCL2 are contained in these gene sets and are often induced in senescence as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Heat maps showed that the H2A.J-V11A and H2A.J-S123E mutants were particularly apt at activating the expression of these inflammatory genes in proliferating fibroblasts</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.