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3,101 results for “Historical”
Fig. 13 in Diversity and taxonomy of the Late Triassic sauropodomorphs (Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha) stored in the Palaeontological Collection of Tübingen, Germany, historically referred to Plateosaurus
Fig. 13. Archive photograph of the Plateosaurus Hall taken in the early 1960s showing the original diorama as designated by von Huene (see Figs 14, 22, 25–26). A. "Skeleton 2" ("GPIT II"), a composite of at least two individuals, without a skull – the skull in the photograph is a cast from specimen SMNS 13200, the holotype of Pl. trossingensis Fraas, 1913. B. "Skeleton 1" ("GPIT I"), an almost complete skeleton – the skull is also a cast of SMNS 13200; the original skull of this specimen was disassembled and catalogued as GPIT-PV-111840. C. "Skeleton VI" ("GPIT VI/C"), the holotype of 'Pachysaurus ajax' von Huene, 1907. D. "Skeleton IV" ("GPIT IV"), originally referred to as Plateosaurus 'plieningeri', and currently the holotype of Tuebingosaurus maierfritzorum Regalado Fernández & Werneburg, 2022. E. "Skeleton III" ("GPIT III"), a complete left hindlimb, right foot and complete tail, referred to as Plateosaurus 'robustus'. F. "Skeleton V" ("GPIT V"), partial dorsal and caudal series, pelvic girdle and left hindlimb, holotype of Plateosaurus 'wetzeli' von Huene, 1932. G. "Skeleton VI" ("GPIT VI"), a complete right hindlimb referred to as Plateosaurus 'quenstedti' von Huene, 1905.
Fig. 26 in Diversity and taxonomy of the Late Triassic sauropodomorphs (Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha) stored in the Palaeontological Collection of Tübingen, Germany, historically referred to Plateosaurus
Fig. 26. Illustration of specimen "GPIT Skelett II" by von Huene (new catalogue number: GPIT- PV-117990). The drawing shows that the mounted skeleton is composed of at least two individuals that von Huene identified as two different species both found in the lower dinosaur bone bed from Obere Mühle. In orange (a) are elements that were referred to as Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis von Huene, 1905, which includes both scapulae, the right humerus, some elements of the right hand, the posterior-most part of the dorsal series, the pelvis, most of the left hindlimb, a complete right hindlimb, and the caudal series – this assemblage is what Galton (2001a) identified as "GPIT IIe". In yellow (b) are elements that were referred to as Plateosaurus quenstedti von Huene, 1905, and this includes the cervical series, most of the dorsal series, the right humerus, right and left forelimbs, and some elements of the right and left hands, as well as elements of the pes. The skull is not coloured as it was a cast of the specimen in Stuttgart, SMNS 13200.
Fig. 4 in Diversity and taxonomy of the Late Triassic sauropodomorphs (Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha) stored in the Palaeontological Collection of Tübingen, Germany, historically referred to Plateosaurus
Fig. 4. The history of taxonomy of Plateosaurus Meyer, 1837 can be interpreted as having three phases. Taxonomy 1 took place during most of the 20th century and was based on stratigraphy and morphology alone. Taxonomy 2 was the subsequent revision towards the end of the 20th century and turning of the 21st century, focusing mainly on considering the limits of intraspecific variability, assuming plasticity and explaining the morphological differences as taphonomic artefacts. Taxonomy 3 is a proposed new taxonomy that requires each specimen to be compared with the holotype of the type speciesPl. trossingensis Fraas, 1913, taking into account stratigraphy, intraspecific variability, and autapomorphies. Large blue circles refer to a genus-level determination. Dashed large blue circle refers to a sensu lato definition of Plateosaurus that includes several nomina dubia as synonyms. Small geometric shapes represent different species within the genera. Edges represent comparisons.
Fig. 2 in Diversity and taxonomy of the Late Triassic sauropodomorphs (Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha) stored in the Palaeontological Collection of Tübingen, Germany, historically referred to Plateosaurus
Fig. 2. Stratigraphic section of the middle and upper Keuper of the Germanic Basin as exposed in BadenWürttemberg (right), and Bavaria and Saxony-Anhalt (both on the left). The numbers represent the findings described in the text. Zanclodon laevis (Plieninger, 1846) is restricted to an archosauromorph of uncertain affinities from the Ladinian (Erfurt Formation). Sauropodomorphs appear towards the upper part of the middle Keuper, which may be of late Carnian or early Norian age. The black silhouettes represent specimens not currently classified as Plateosaurus Meyer, 1837.
Fig. 3 in Diversity and taxonomy of the Late Triassic sauropodomorphs (Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha) stored in the Palaeontological Collection of Tübingen, Germany, historically referred to Plateosaurus
Fig. 3. Timeline showing changes in the taxonomic placement of the specimens of early-diverging sauropodomorphs considered to be Plateosaurus Meyer, 1837 from 1900 to 2004. This timeline considers only papers discussing taxonomy and papers describing and naming new species. Lines indicate continuity or change in specimen composition of species across revisions. Arrows outside the timeline indicate that the taxa were named before 1900 and / or are still valid after 2004. When more lines depart from one node, part of the specimens included in that species were referred to as different species. Lines converging in one node indicate that the specimens were lumped together into the species in the node. Stars at the end of a line indicate that in the taxonomic revision, the name became either a nomen dubium or a nomen nudum. Lines continuing after this point indicate that the specimens were referred to the new node. This timeline does not include specimens removed from the genus Plateosaurus, namely Efraasia (von Huene, 1907–1908), Ruehleia Galton, 2001, Camelotia Galton, 1985 and Tuebingosaurus Regalado Fernández & Werneburg, 2022. The green lines correspond to species that have been synonymized with Pl. trossingensis Fraas, 1913, and the blue lines correspond to those that have been synonymized with Pl. gracilis (von Huene, 1905). The orange-red lines refer to species removed from Sauropodomorpha Huene, 1932 altogether. Changes after 2004 are discussed in the text.
Fig. 1 in Diversity and taxonomy of the Late Triassic sauropodomorphs (Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha) stored in the Palaeontological Collection of Tübingen, Germany, historically referred to Plateosaurus
Fig. 1. Map showing the city of Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, in the centre of the localities of the specimens described in this paper. The second map places Baden-Württemberg within Germany. The timeline shows the chronology in which the specimens were first excavated but not described. The date of the excavation of 'Zanclodon' is the only one that is not certain (see Results – Mid-19th century). Map data: Google, GeoBasis-DE / BKG.
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Egypt
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Djibouti
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Equatorial Guinea
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Sierra Leone
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Niger
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Rwanda
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Somalia
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Congo
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Namibia
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Togo
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for South Sudan
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Burkina Faso
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Sudan
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for Democratic Republic of the Congo
<p>This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger and freight activity, segregated by mode and fuel. Additionally, historical data on energy intensities, load factors, vehicle stock, population (total, urban, rural, growth), and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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