Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Fig. 1 in Re-evaluation of pachycormid fishes from the Late Jurassic of Southwestern Germany

Fig. 1. Nusplingen and other localities of fossiliferous Late Jurassic Plattenkalks in SW Germany (modified from Fürsich et al. 2007 based on Schweigert 2007).

Fig. 6 in Tracking Late Jurassic ornithopods in the Lusitanian Basin of Portugal: Ichnotaxonomic implications

Fig. 6. Photographs, false-colour depth maps of the tracks of low morphological quality (MP <2) of Ornithopoda indet. tracks, Portugal, Praia de AmoreiraPorto Novo Formation, upper Kimmeridgian (A–D),?Sobral Formation, upper Kimmeridgian–lower Tithonian (E), Alcobaça Formation, Kimmeridgian– lower Tithonian (?F, G–T) A. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.11, Foz Arelho. B. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.43, Praia da Vermelha. C. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.46, Foz Arelho. D. SHN. JJS).ICNO.83, Peralta Sul. E. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.89, Paimogo Sul. F. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.100, Salir do Porto. G. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.02, Boavista do Bouro. H. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.09, Serra do Bouro. I. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.53, Serra do Bouro. J. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.72A, Serra do Bouro. K. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.76, Serra do Bouro. L. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.81, Serra do Bouro. M. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.93, Serra do Bouro. N. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.94, Serra do Bouro. O. SHN.(JJS). ICNO.102, Vale Perdido, Serra do Bouro. P. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.105A, Serra do Bouro. Q. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.105B, Serra do Bouro. Note the three footprints ICNO.105B.1 (bottom left), ICNO.105B.2 (top) and ICNO.105B.3 (bottom left). R. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.105D, Serra do Bouro. S. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.105E, Serra do Bouro. T. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.120, Serra do Bouro. Scale bars O, 5 cm; A, B, D, G–I, L–N, P, R–T, 10 cm; C, E, F, J, K, Q, 15 cm.

Fig. 3 in Tracking Late Jurassic ornithopods in the Lusitanian Basin of Portugal: Ichnotaxonomic implications

Fig. 3. Photographs, false-colour depth maps, and outline drawing of the tracks of high morphological quality (MP = 2) that belong to the Dinehichnus isp. morphotype. Portugal, Alcobaça Formation, Kimmeridgian–lower Tithonian (A, B,?D, E) and Freixial Formation, middle–upper Tithonian C). A. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.58, Serra do Bouro. B. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.60, Boavista do Bouro. C. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.68, Pedra da Ulsa. D. SHN.(JJS). ICNO.109, Salir do Porto. E. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.113, Serra do Bouro. Scale bars: A, B, 10 cm; C–E, 15 cm.

Fig. 5 in Tracking Late Jurassic ornithopods in the Lusitanian Basin of Portugal: Ichnotaxonomic implications

Fig. 5. Photographs, false-colour depth maps and outline drawing of the tracks of high morphological quality (MP = 2) that belong to the Anomoepus? isp. morphotype. Portugal, Alcobaça Formation, Kimmeridgian– lower Tithonian (A–C) and Praia de Amoreira-Porto Novo Formation, upper Kimmeridgian (D). A. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.34A (left) considered Anomoepus? isp. and SHN.(JJS).ICNO.34B, (right) considered Ornithopoda indet., Boavista do Bouro. B. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.37, Boavista do Bouro. C. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.105C, Serra do Bouro. D. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.18A (top) and SHN.(JJS).ICNO.18B (bottom), Praia da Corva. Scale bars 10 cm.

Fig. 2 in Tracking Late Jurassic ornithopods in the Lusitanian Basin of Portugal: Ichnotaxonomic implications

Fig. 2. Photographs, false-colour depth maps, and outline drawing of the tracks of high morphological quality (MP = 2) that belong to the Iguanodontipodidae indet. morphotype. Portugal, Praia de Amoreira-Porto Novo Formation, upper Kimmeridgian (A, B) and Sobral Formation, upper Kimmeridgian–lower Tithonian (C–E). A. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.03, Valmitão Norte. Note that the track still preserves part of the infill. B. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.54, Valmitão Sul. C. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.48, Praia Azul. D. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.75, Foz Do Rio Sizandro. Note that the track has been painted and the real morphology is not exactly the same as the drawing. E. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.110, Foz Do Rio Sizandro. Scale bars E, 15 cm; A–C, 20 cm; D, 25 cm.

Fig. 4 in Tracking Late Jurassic ornithopods in the Lusitanian Basin of Portugal: Ichnotaxonomic implications

Fig. 4. Photographs, false-colour depth maps and outline drawing of the tracks of high morphological quality (MP = 2) that belong to the Anomoepus? isp. morphotype, Portugal, Alcobaça Formation, Kimmeridgian– lower Tithonian (A, B), Praia de Amoreira-Porto Novo Formation, upper Kimmeridgian (C), and Freixial Formation, middle–upper Tithonian (D). A. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.29, Serra do Bouro. Note the possible manus track. B. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.56, Boavista do Bouro. C. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.103, Santa Rita, Foz Velha. D. SHN.(JJS).ICNO.74, Cambelas Sul. Scale bars 10 cm.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Fig. 9 in Re-evaluation of pachycormid fishes from the Late Jurassic of Southwestern Germany

Fig. 9. Pachycormid fish Orthocormus sp. (GPIT/OS/1302) from the Kimmeridgian (Jurassic) of Nusplingen, Germany. Overview (photograph A1, explanatory drawing A2). Abbreviations: an, angular; ao, antorbital; bo, basi-exoccipital; bsr, branchiostegal rays; cl, cleithrum; co, coronoid; da+ns, neural arch + spine; de, dentary; dpl, dermopalatines 1 + 2; hyo, hyomandibula; ic, intercalar; le, lateral ethmoid; mc, mandibular canal; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; pe, pre-ethmoid; pec (r/l), right and left pectoral lepidotrichia; oo, opisthotic; ps, parasphenoid; qu, quadrate; r2, second pectoral radial; rdme, rostrodermethmoid; ri, ribs, sa, surangular; sco, scapulocoracoid; spo, sphenotic; sy, symplectic; tb, temporal boss.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Fig. 2 in Re-evaluation of pachycormid fishes from the Late Jurassic of Southwestern Germany

Fig. 2. Pachycormid fish Simocormus macrolepidotus gen. et sp. nov. (holotype NHMUK PV P 6011) from the Late Jurassic of Solnhofen, Bavaria, Germany. Overview (A1), detail of skull and pectoral fins illustrating the prominent ridged ornamentation on suborbital 2 (A2). © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, photographer A. McArdle, used with permission.

FIGURE 8 in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 8. Examples of bone elements from sauropod dinosaurs found in the bamboo corsets, link to corresponding movies. A) "Ig 230", cervical rib of Giraffatitan brancai, and cluster of vertebrae and bone fragments of Dysalotosaurus; B) "Ig 281", presumable dorsal vertebral fragments and pneumatic transverse process of a sauropod (this bamboo corset contains also a dentary remain of Dysalotosaurus); C) "Ig 310, 311, 312, 313, 314", pneumatic transverse process of dorsal vertebra; D) "Ig 498", neural arch with clearly visible hyposphene and broken neural spine of titanosauriform sauropod. Close-up of visualization of isolated MtII of Giraffatitan, E) in dorsal view F) in plantar view. Scale bar in A-D is 100 mm, in E-F it is 50 mm. Abbreviations: bf, bone fragment; ccost, corpus of cervical rib (of Giraffatitan); df, dentary fragment (of Dysalotosaurus); hypo, hyposphene; mt, metatarsal; na, neural arch; nsp, neural spine; prcost, caudal process of cervical rib (of Giraffatitan); postzyg, postzygapophysis; prtrans, transverse process of vertebra; tib,tibia; vc, vertebral centrum; vf, vertebral fragment. Videos of A) to D) available at the PE You Tube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCF6IBDiGbut- DrVada60Izyg)

FIGURE 6 in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 6. Examples of bone elements from Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki as found in the bamboo corsets, link to corresponding movies. A) "Ig 189, 211, 213", bamboo corset with dentary fragments, dorsal rib shaft, tibia remains, a proximal fibula and some other bone fragments; B) "Ig 401, 415, 416, 417, 472, 475", bamboo corset with well-preserved ilium, proximal fibula, at least two metatarsals and other long bone fragments, as well as a presumed MtII of Giraffatitan brancai in 2 parts; C) "Ig 343, 346, 354, 359, 366, 383", bamboo corset with femur in 3 parts, fragments of ilium and some bone fragments; D) "Ig 335, 336, 338, 368", bamboo corset with 1 humerus, 1 femur, tibia and fibula as proximal parts and other bone fragments; E) "Ig 537, 540, 547, 549, 562", bamboo corset with vertebral centra, 2 isolated neural arches, a coracoid, a distal femur, a metatarsal and other bone fragments; F) "Ig 522, 527, 528, 539, 543, 544", bamboo corset with tibia and fibula, ulna and other bone fragments. Scale bar is 50 mm. Abbreviations: cor, coracoid; df, dentary fragment; dori, dorsal rib; fe, femur; fib, fibula; hu, humerus; ili, ilium; isc, ischium; MtII, second metatarsal of Giraffatitan; mt, metatarsal (of Dysalotosaurus); nar, neural arch; tib, tibia; uln, ulna; vc, vertebral centrum. Videos of A) to F) available at the PE You Tube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCF6IBDiGbut- DrVada60Izyg)

FIGURE 5. Diagrams showing A in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 5. Diagrams showing A) the distribution of clay jackets, unprepared bones and tin cans in the bamboo corsets and crates, B) Frequency of different bone elements of Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki in the bamboo corsets and crates. The unidentified bone fragments of Dysalotosaurus are not incorporated in this count. Isolated vertebral centra have been counted without determination of their corresponding body region (i.e., cervical, dorsal, sacral, or caudal).

FIGURE 4 in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 4. Packing types of fossil specimens as visible in the CT images A) "Ig 420, 439, 453, 512", longitudinal section (MIP mode and CT-pulmonary filters set) showing wrapping of specimens in savanna grass, B) "Ig88" cross-section showing wrapping of fossils in savanna grass and tight stuffing of bamboo corsets, C) "Ig291, 291", longitudinal section of the typical clay jackets, showing a femur of Dysalotosaurus in pieces with protection cover of clay, D) "Ig281", partial longitudinal section showing clay jackets and single bone fragments with and without sediment, E) "Ig 122, 124, 266, 267, 269, 270, 272, 276", longitudinal section showing clusters of vertebrae and bone fragments in the bamboo corset, F) "Ig_2011_4", crate with two large sediment slabs with fossil bones, G) "Ig_2011_1", crate with bamboo stalks filled with fossil bones and bones wrapped in savanna grass, H) "Ig_NN6", bamboo corset in longitudinal section (MIP mode) showing tin cans and bone cluster in between (see also Figure 4C-D), I) "Ig 330, 339, 347, 349 350, 351, 352, 356, 360, 346, 366", bamboo corset in longitudinal section (MIP mode) showing several tin cans and some additional loose bones. Scale bar is 50 mm. Abbreviations: bb, bamboo stalk; bf, bone fragment; cl, clay cover of bone; clj, clay jacket; df, dentary fragment; dife, distal femur; sed, sediment; sgb, savanna grass bundle; vc, vertebral centrum.

FIGURE 3. 3D in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 3. 3D visualization images of containers, showing different content types, link to corresponding movies. A) "Ig88", clay jackets and bones; B) "Ig_2011_5", crate with an accumulation of vertebrae and some other bones. Scale bars in A) and B) are 50 mm. "Ig_NN6", tin cans and small bones in bamboo corset, 3D MIP videos, C) with bamboo corset and surface visualized, D) with content of tin cans visualized. Scale bars in C) and D) are 100 mm. Abbreviations: bc, 3D visualized bamboo corset; bf, bone fragment; clvc, cluster of vertebral centra; clj, clay jacket; tc, tin can; vc, vertebral corpus. Videos of A), B), C) and D) available at the PE You Tube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCF6IBDiGbut- DrVada60Izyg).

FIGURE 2 in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 2. Photographs of packing and transport of bamboo corsets on the Tendaguru hill, A) MfN HBSB PM_B_IV_0072, and B) MfN HBSB PM_B_V_156, local workers producing and filling bamboo corsets, C) MfN HBSB PM_B_V_160, workers have gathered to start their march to Lindi with the bamboo corsets, D) MfN HBSB PM_B_V_168, long column of carriers following the small foot path to Lindi with bamboo corsets either between them or carried on the head. E) Aquilion CX CT scanner at the IZW, this machine was used to scan all 40 bamboo corsets, F) wooden crates from Quarry Ig/WJ on their way through the Toshiba Aquilion One CT scanner at the Charité, photograph by Oliver Wings.

FIGURE 7 in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 7. Examples of bone elements from Kentrosaurus aethiopicus as found in the bamboo corsets link to corresponding movies. A) "Ig88", bamboo corset with two caudal vertebral centra (one of them with separate neural arch), a haemapophysis, a distal part of humerus, femur and ilium and ischium fragments of Kentrosaurus, and vertebral centra of Dysalotosaurus; B) "Ig 277, 279, 284", remains of one right scapula and humerus and proximal part of left scapula, and tibia of Dysalotosaurus; C) Crate "Ig_2011_1", ulna of Kentrosaurus, and several long bones and bone fragments of Dysalotosaurus. Scale bar is 100 mm. Abbreviations: bf, bone fragment; dife, distal femur; dihu, distal humerus; haem, haemapophysis; hu, humerus; ili, ilium; isc, ischium; scap, scapula; uln, ulna; vc, vertebral centrum. Videos of A) to C) available at the PE You Tube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCF6IBDiGbut- DrVada60Izyg)

FIGURE 1. A in Description of contents of unopened bamboo corsets and crates from Quarry Ig/WJ of the Tendaguru locality (Late Jurassic, Tanzania, East Africa) as revealed by medical CT data and the potential of this data under paleontological and historical aspects

FIGURE 1. A) Entries in field catalogue of Janensch (1909-1911) for Quarry Ig/WJ page 73 and page 143. Photographs of original packed items from Quarry Ig/WJ.B) clay jacket Ig294, C) tin can filled with small bones from Quarry Ig/WJ and padded with pieces of cotton, scale bar for B) and C) is 50 mm. D) baobab fruit capsule filled with small bones and vertebrae from Quarry Ig/WJ, padded with a bundle of savanna grass, not to scale, E) opened bamboo corset from Quarry Ig/WJ containing four clay jackets (one partially with plaster of paris) on a thick layer of savanna grass (this photograph is also used in Heinrich and Schultka, 2007: Abb. 32), F) Close-up of one of the studied bamboo corsets in the collection of the MfN with original ink labelling and paper label visible, scale bar for E) and F) is 80 mm. G) Section of several bamboo corsets as stored at the collection of the MfN, not to scale. Photographs B) to E) by Carola Radke, and photographs F) and G) by Hwa Ja Götz, both MfN.

FIGURE 14 in Petrodactyle wellnhoferi gen. et sp. nov.: A new and large ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of Germany

FIGURE 14. Reconstruction of the complete skeleton of Petrodactyle wellnhoferi in a standing pose. Scale bar is 200 mm. Missing parts based on Cycnorhamphus following Witton (2013).

FIGURE 13 in Petrodactyle wellnhoferi gen. et sp. nov.: A new and large ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of Germany

FIGURE 13. Comparison drawing of restored skulls of assorted Solnhofen ctenochasmatids (not to scale). A, Petrodactyle; B, Cycnorhamphus (following Bennett, 2013); C, Pterodactylus (following Wellnhofer, 1970), D, Ardeadactylus; E, Germanodactylus (following Unwin, 2003).

FIGURE 12 in Petrodactyle wellnhoferi gen. et sp. nov.: A new and large ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of Germany

FIGURE 12. 'Nopsca chart' showing major proportions of the skeleton comparing Petrodactyle to other large Solnhofen region ctenochasmatids (data in Table 1). Petrodactyle shows a similar pattern to other animals, though with a proportionally larger head and a long tibia.

FIGURE 10 in Petrodactyle wellnhoferi gen. et sp. nov.: A new and large ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic of Germany

FIGURE 10. Close up of the poorly preserved area of the Petrodactyle holotype that contains the pectoral girdles, seen under UV C light to highlight the bone fragments. Abbreviations as in Figure 3. Scale bar is 50 mm.