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Long-term water quality monitoring on the Altamaha River and major tributaries from September 2000 through April 2009
Water samples were collected from the Altamaha River (approximately weekly) and several tributaries (bimonthly) from September 2000 through September 2001. Samples were then collected at less frequent intervals from September 2001 through April 2009. The concentration of dissolved nutrients (ammonium, nitrate+nitrite, phosphate, silicate), dissolved organics (DOC, DON, DOP) and total suspended solids were measured using standard methods. The concentrations of 20 elements (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sr and Zn) were also determined using elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was measured using a custom automated DIC analyzer. Total alkalinity (TA)was determined by Gran titration and pH of surface water was measured using a glass electrode.
Baseline soil chemistry data measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx)
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Soils were destructively sampled before the beginning of the experiment (March 2014) and after approximately 3 years of treatments (December 2016) and analyzed for bulk density, percent carbon, percent nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available nitrate, and available ammonium.
Soil surface temperature measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. We are measuring soil surface temperature in the plots as one of the response variables for the SALTEx project.
Green algae, cyanobacteria and diatom concentrations from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots , each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. We are measuring the abundance of benthic algae with a BenthoTorch as one of the response variables for the SALTEx project.
Long-term measurements of microbial biomass and activity at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest 1994 – ongoing
Long-term monitoring of soil nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) concentrations, microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, microbial respiration, potential nitrification and N mineralization rates, pH, and denitrification potential has been ongoing at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest since 1994. Samples have been collected in the Bear Brook Watershed (west of Watershed 6) beginning in 1994. In 1998, our sampling regime was extended to Watershed 1 in an effort to monitor and quantify microbial response to a whole-watershed calcium addition. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Long-term trends in abundance of Lepidoptera larvae at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest and three additional northern hardwood forest sites, 1986-2022
Numbers and lengths of Lepidoptera larvae (caterpillars, all species) were censused on shrub level foliage at biweekly intervals from late May/early June through late July/early August each year. Measurements were conducted on the Main bird plot in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest and on three additional plots within the White Mountain National Forest from 1986-1997. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Percent cover of vegetation measured by the line-intercept method at multiple locations on long-term ecosystem transects (including nitrogen fertilization treatments) at Jornada Basin LTER, 1982-2014
This data package contains data on the average percent cover of plant species on three permanent LTER-I transects at the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) in southern New Mexico. Prior to becoming a livestock exclosure, the study site was moderately to heavily grazed for the past 100 years. The purpose of this study was to document the vegetation changes associated with the addition of nitrogen fertilizer following nearly a century of grazing. Three permanent, parallel transects (2.7 km in length) run from the middle of the College Playa up to the foot of Mt. Summerford. The Treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Along each transect, 91 stations, each with a plant intercept line, are spaced at 30 meter intervals. Each plant intercept line is perpendicular to a 2.7 km transect and is 30 meters in length broken into 5 meter segments. The included dataset gives calculated average percent cover of each plant species for each of these plant intercept lines on all three LTER-I permanent transects (91 lines each). Measurements were made biannually from 1982 - 1988. After this, they are measured every 5 years. Data consists of the date, week number, transect, station number, JRN species code, USDA Plants code, species binomial, photosynthetic pathway, habit, form, and average percent cover. This study is ongoing.
Dryland soil mycobiome response to long-term precipitation variability at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2013-2019
This dataset contains data and code for the paper "Dryland soil mycobiome response to long-term precipitation variability depends on host type" published in Journal of Ecology in 2022. Data were collected at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, USA. Soil samples were sent to the University of Georgia, for DNA extraction and sequencing, performed at the Georgia Genomics and Bioinformatics Core in Athens, GA. Sequencing data are archived at NCBI under project identifier PRJNA884111.
Gap-filled daily precipitation at the 15 long-term NPP sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1980-ongoing
This package contains gap-filled daily precipitation values for the 15 NPP sites at Jornada Basin LTER in southern New Mexico, USA. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. Gap-filled daily precipitation was calculated for the period from 1980 to 2020 at each site using the closest rain gauges that provided a minimum resolution of daily precipitation data. The Methods section and attached documents describe this process in detail. The rain gauges used are described, with respect to their relationship to NPP sites, in the attached "daily_gapfill_ppt_gauge_usage.csv" file. Although automated weather stations became operational at all NPP sites in 2013 (except P-SMAL, in 2017), updates to this data package are ongoing and are intended to gap-fill any missing or invalid data from the weather stations.
Effects of long-term nitrogen addition on Solidago altissima stem morphology, size, and herbivory at Kellogg Biological Station 2016-2022
We surveyed naturally occurring tall goldenrod (Solidago altissima) plants in a long-term nitrogen addition field experiment at the Kellogg Biological Station's T7 untilled succession plots in the Main Cropping System Experiment (https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/research/long-term-experiments/main-cropping-system-experiment/). We collected data on the defensive stem nodding morph (which helps plants evade apex-galling herbivores) and presence of galls in 2016, 2021, and 2022.
AGW01 Long-term measurement of groundwater physical and chemical properties from wells on watersheds N04D and N01B at Konza Prairie
In 1988 and 1990, 31 wells were installed at 20 sites within watershed N04D at Konza Prairie Biological Station to allow long-term monitoring of groundwater physical and chemical properties. Subsequently, four additional wells were installed in N04D in 1997, and five wells were installed in an adjacent watershed, N01B, in 2020. Most of the wells are nested to include wells completed in alluvium/colluvium and two Permian limestone units, the Morrill Limestone and the Eiss Limestone. The wells are completed along transects perpendicular to the main drainage in each watershed. Every four to six weeks, water samples and water depth measurements have been collected at subsets of the wells in N04D since 1991 and in N01B since 2021. At the same time, stream samples are collected from the outlet in N04D and N01B when the stream is flowing, as well as two upstream locations in N04D. Moreover, since 2024, stream samples are also collected at the same time from the outlet of a third watershed, N02B, when the steam is flowing. Methodologies have evolved since 1991 as detailed in the method description, though the primary goal of assessing groundwater and surface water major ion composition, pH, temperature, and groundwater level has been constant since 1991.
PPL01 Konza prairie long-term phosphorus plots experiment
Increased nutrient inputs is one of many global change factors predicted to affect the composition and ecosystem function of plant communities. In general, nitrogen deposition decreases diversity and increases productivity. The effects of phosphorus addition have received less attention, however, and the interactive effect of both nutrients is likely to exacerbate diversity loss over time. Here we addressed whether chronic nutrient additions changed community structure and ecosystem productivity of a native tallgrass prairie. This study took place in an ungrazed watershed that is burned every two years. Two N treatments, 0 and 10 g m-2, and four P treatments, 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 g m-2 were crossed in a fully factorial experimental design. The experiment was initiated in 2002 and starting in 2003 nutrients were added at the beginning of each growing season. Plant species composition was surveyed both in the spring and late summer each year, and aboveground biomass was harvested at the end of each summer to estimate aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP).
CFC01 Kings Creek long-term fish and crayfish community sampling at Konza Prairie
Prairie stream fish communities have been monitored seasonally at multiple sites within the Kings Creek watershed since 1995. The objective of this sampling is to evaluate how these communities respond to seasonal and annual variation in environmental conditions. Specifically, we are interesting in testing the resistance and resilience of stream communities in response to flood and drought disturbances. One site in a downstream perennial reach of the watershed has been sampled since 1995. Five sites have been sampled in smaller tributaries in the watershed, two were discontinued due to often lack of flow, two have been sampled since 1995 and one was added in 2008. Sampling is conducted with backpack electrofishing with at least one person dip netting. At each site, multiple habitats (pools and riffles) are sampled. Length of all fish and crayfish are measured.
SMR01 Konza Prairie grassland soil microbial responses to long-term management of N availability
Anthropogenic actions have significantly increased biological nitrogen (N) availability on a global scale. In tallgrass prairies, this phenomenon is exacerbated by land management changes, such as fire suppression. Historically, tallgrass prairie fire removed N through volatilization, but fire suppression has contributed to increased soil N availability as well as woody encroachment. Because soil microbes respond to N availability and plant growth, these changes may alter microbial composition and important microbially-mediated functions. Grassland management affects the soil environment on multiple time scales including short (fertilization or fire event), seasonal (growing vs. non-growing season), and long-term (decadal plant turnover and nutrient accumulation), therefore my goal was to understand community variability at different time scales affecting the population and community dynamics of soil microbes. I predicted soil microbes would be sensitive to environmental changes at all time scales, seasonal variation would reflect increased plant rhizodeposit-supported populations during summer and decomposers during winter, and long-term fire suppression and chronic fertilization would drive soil microbial community turnover associated with accumulation of plant litter and N. Soil microbial responses to short-term fire/fertilization events were minimal, while microbial population sizes fluctuate seasonally and synchronously, and microbial community composition varied more with management history than at shorter time scales. Bacterial populations increased 10x during growing-season plant rhizodeposition, while fungal populations were less dynamic, but decreased in fall, possibly reflecting a shift to subsistence on soil organic matter. In contrast, microbial community composition was seasonally stable, but distinct between long-term management treatments, which may indicate accumulation of niche-defining plant or soil properties over decades. Prokaryotic communities
CMY01 Mycorrhizal colonization and plant community responses to long-term suppression of Mycorrhizal Fungi
Twenty replicate permanent 2x2 m plots were established in early 1991 along a randomly located transect, with a 2m space between each plot, on the following watersheds: 1B, 1D, annually burned HQB, 10B, 20D and infrequently burned HQB. Ten of the plots were randomly assigned as long-term mycorrhizal suppression plots. In each of these plots, AM fungi were suppressed by the application of the fungicide benomyl as a soil drench (7.5 liters per plot) at the rate of 1.25 g/m2 (active ingredient). The mycorrhizal suppression plots were treated biweekly throughout each growing season (April through October) beginning in 1991. The control plots each received no fungicide, but an equivalent volume of water (7.5 liters) was applied biweekly. To evaluate the effectiveness of the fungicide, three soil cores (2.5 cm diameter x 14 cm deep) were removed from both fungicide-treated and control plots each October throughout the study. Roots were extracted from the soil, washed free of soil, stained in trypan blue (Phillips and Hayman, 1970), and examined microscopically to assess percentage root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi using a Petri dish scored in 1-cm squares (Daniels et al.1981).
El Verde long-term invertebrate data - Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFDP)
The data set consists of 44 files: (1) abundance data for the walking stick, Lamponius portoricensis, (2) estimates of abundance (Minimum Number Known Alive) for 17 species of terrestrial snails, and (3) 42 files containing data on size and mark-recapture estimates of population size for the snails Caracolus caracolla and Nenia tridens from the Wet Season of 1995 to the Wet Season of 2019 (no dry season data for 1995 or after 2012). Note: MNKA estimates are not always identical to the number of individuals indicated in the Mark-Recapture data, because some individuals (e.g., those that were lost before being marked) had to be excluded from calculations for Mark-Recapture estimates of abundance. Note, no data were collected in 2020 or 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Long-Term Elevation Plots (LTEP) (Altitudinal transects vegetation data along three rivers in the Luquillo Experimental Forest)
The composition of plant communities changes with elevation in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF). The goal of this project is to document the patterns of these changes, and in particular, to determine whether the distributions of individual species are independent of one another, or whether they are related, in either a congruent or a hierarchical manner. Thirty-two permanent vegetation plots, each 50m by 20m are being established in the LEF, with 5 plots along the Icacos river, 11 along the Mamayes river and 16 along the Sonadora stream. The plots were established at every 100m in elevation, starting at 200m above sea level. All woody, free-standing stems greater than 1cm dbh were marked, identified and mapped into 5x5 subquadrats. We anticipated that gradient analysis will show whether the distributions of species are coincident or independent, enabling us to evaluate whether separate, genuine plant communities exist in the LEF. Because the plots are permanent, we also expected that they allow us to better evaluate how different vegetation types, at different elevations, respond to large scale disturbances, especially hurricanes. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
USGS Long-term daily streamflow data at several LEF locations
Vist the USGS water data center (https://waterdata.usgs.gov) for more information on these discharge and other data collected in Northeastern Puerto Rico. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Long-Term Coral Population and Community Dynamics: Annual Island Wide Coral Demography Survey 2011 ongoing
Demographic performance (recruitment, growth, and survival) are quantified annually for multiple individual colonies of the three most common genera (Acropora, Pocillopora, Porites) at both backreef and forereef sites. Each coral was tagged in 2011 and subsequently sampled again in 2012 to track colony growth and mortality dynamics. However, since 2013, investigators have transitioned to identifying coral through detailed mapping methodology and will continue to identify corals using this method in the subsequent years. The mapping system developed in 2013 provides data appropriate for detailed demographic study of coral on varying spatial scales around the island. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2022). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
Long-term dynamics of soil organic matter and aboveground net primary production in a Chihuahuan Desert Grassland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1989-2014)
Drylands contain a third of the organic carbon stored in global soils; however, the long-term dynamics of soil organic carbon and soil organic matter (SOM) in drylands remain poorly understood relative to dynamics of the vegetation carbon pool. We examined long-term patterns in SOM against both climate and prescribed fire in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland in central New Mexico, USA. SOM was measured each spring and fall for 25 years (1989–2014) in unburned desert grassland and from 2003 to 2014 following a prescribed fire. SOM concentration from 0-20 cm depth did not show a clear long-term trend but fluctuated seasonally at both burned and unburned sites, ranging from a minimum of 0.9% to a maximum of 3.3%. SOM concentration declined nonlinearly in wet seasons and peaked in dry seasons. These results not only contrast with the positive relationships between aboveground net primary production and precipitation for this region, but also with previous reports of greater SOM in wetter sites across drylands globally, suggesting that space is not a good substitute for time in predicting the dynamics of dryland SOM. We suggest that declines in SOM in wet periods are caused by increased soil respiration, runoff, leaching, and soil erosion. In addition to tracking natural variability in climate, SOM concentration also decreased by 14% following prescribed fire, a response that magnified over time and has persisted for nearly a decade due to the slow recovery of primary production. Our results document the surprisingly dynamic nature of soil organic matter and its high sensitivity to climate and fire in this dryland ecosystem.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.