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334 results for “accommodation”
Botulinum toxin in the treatment of partially accommodative esotropia with high AC/A ratio
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nkx3.2 mutant zebrafish accommodate jaw joint loss through a phenocopy of the head shapes of Paleozoic jawless fish
The vertebrate jaw is a versatile feeding apparatus. To function, it requires a joint between the upper and lower jaws, so jaw joint defects are often highly disruptive and difficult to study. To describe the consequences of jaw-joint dysfunction, we engineered two independent null alleles of a single jaw-joint marker gene, <i>nkx3.2</i>, in zebrafish. These mutations caused zebrafish to become functionally jawless via fusion of the upper and lower jaw cartilages (ankylosis). Despite lacking jaw joints, <i>nkx3.2</i> mutants survived to adulthood and accommodated this defect by: a) remodeling their skulls; and b) altering their behavior from suction feeding to ram feeding. As a result, <i>nkx3.2</i> mutants developed skull shapes superficially similar to those observed in two lineages of ancient jawless vertebrates (anaspids and furcacaudiid thelodonts), including: a fixed open gape, reduced snout, and enlarged branchial region. However, no homology exists in individual skull elements between these taxa, and most of the modified elements in the mutant zebrafish occur outside known expression domains of <i>nkx3.2</i>. Therefore, we interpret the adult <i>nkx3.2</i> phenotype not as a reversal to an ancestral state, but as convergence due to similar functional requirements of feeding without moveable jaws. This remarkable convergence strongly suggests that jaw movements themselves dramatically influence the development of jawed vertebrate skulls. Thus, these mutants provide a unique model with which to: a) investigate adaptive responses to perturbation in skeletal development; b) re-evaluate evolutionarily inspired interpretations of phenocopies generated by gene knockdowns and knockouts; and c) gain insights into feeding mechanics of the extinct agnathans.
Supplementary material 1 from: Zhang S-N, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Jeewon R, Cheewangkoon R, Liu J-K (2019) Striatiguttulaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate Longicorpus and Striatiguttula gen. nov. from palms. MycoKeys 49: 99-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.49.30886
Phylogenetic analysis
Figure 4 from: Vadthanarat S, Raghoonundon B, Lumyong S, Raspé O (2024) Rostrupomyces, a new genus to accommodate Xerocomus sisongkhramensis, and a new Hemileccinum species (Xerocomoideae, Boletaceae) from Thailand. MycoKeys 103: 129-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.103.107935
Figure 4 Microscopic features of Rostrupomyces sisongkhramensisA basidiospores B basidia C cheilocystidia D pleurocystidia E pileipellis F stipitipellis showing a cluster of narrowly clavate to clavate cells which slightly scattered on the stipe surface. Scale bars: 10 µm (A–D); 25 µm (D–E); 50 µm (E–F). All line drawings were made from SV0155.
Figure 7 from: Vadthanarat S, Raghoonundon B, Lumyong S, Raspé O (2024) Rostrupomyces, a new genus to accommodate Xerocomus sisongkhramensis, and a new Hemileccinum species (Xerocomoideae, Boletaceae) from Thailand. MycoKeys 103: 129-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.103.107935
Figure 7 Microscopic features of Hemileccinum inferiusA basidiospores B basidia C cheilocystidia D pleurocystidia E pileipellis F stipitipellis showing a cluster of clavate to boardy clavate like cells which moderately scattered on the stipitipellis. Scale bars: 10 µm (A–D); 25 µm (D–E); 50 µm (E–F). All drawings were made from holotype type (SV0282).
Figure 5 from: Vadthanarat S, Raghoonundon B, Lumyong S, Raspé O (2024) Rostrupomyces, a new genus to accommodate Xerocomus sisongkhramensis, and a new Hemileccinum species (Xerocomoideae, Boletaceae) from Thailand. MycoKeys 103: 129-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.103.107935
Figure 5 Scanning electron micrographs of basidiospores A–BRostrupomyces sisongkhramensis (SV0155) C–DHemileccinum inferius (SV0282).
Figure 3 from: Vadthanarat S, Raghoonundon B, Lumyong S, Raspé O (2024) Rostrupomyces, a new genus to accommodate Xerocomus sisongkhramensis, and a new Hemileccinum species (Xerocomoideae, Boletaceae) from Thailand. MycoKeys 103: 129-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.103.107935
Figure 3 Fresh basidiomata of Rostrupomyces sisongkhramensisA OR0915 B OR0919 C OR1004 D SV0155, white pores surface in young basidioma (white arrow) E SV0219 F SV0225. Scale bars: 1 cm (A–F).
Figure 1 from: Vadthanarat S, Raghoonundon B, Lumyong S, Raspé O (2024) Rostrupomyces, a new genus to accommodate Xerocomus sisongkhramensis, and a new Hemileccinum species (Xerocomoideae, Boletaceae) from Thailand. MycoKeys 103: 129-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.103.107935
Figure 1 Boletaceae-wide Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree inferred from the four-gene dataset (atp6, cox3, rpb2, and tef1) (introns excluded), showing the position of the new genus Rostrupomyces in Xerocomoideae. Bootstrap support values (BS ≥ 70%) and the corresponding Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP ≥ 0.90) are shown above the supported branches. The two Buchwaldoboletus and seven Chalciporus species (subfamily Chalciporoideae) were used as outgroup. All taxa belonging to subfamilies Austroboletoideae, Boletoideae, Chalciporoideae, Leccinoideae, and Zangioideae were collapsed into subfamily clades. All generic clades in subfamily Xerocomoideae (excluding Hemileccinum and Rostrupomyces) and Pulveroboletus group with high supports, were also collapsed.
Figure 2 from: Vadthanarat S, Raghoonundon B, Lumyong S, Raspé O (2024) Rostrupomyces, a new genus to accommodate Xerocomus sisongkhramensis, and a new Hemileccinum species (Xerocomoideae, Boletaceae) from Thailand. MycoKeys 103: 129-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.103.107935
Figure 2 Xerocomoideae-wide phylogenetic tree inferred from the four-gene dataset (atp6, cox3, rpb2, and tef1) (introns included), including new genus Rostrupomyces and selected Xerocomoideae using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods (ML tree is presented). The three Hourangia, three Phylloporus, and three Xerocomus species in Xerocomoideae were used as outgroup. Bootstrap support values (BS ≥ 70%) and posterior probabilities (PP ≥ 0.90) are shown above the supported branches.
Replication package for: "Accommodating the Rise in Urbanisation: Are New Towns a Good Solution?"
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Fig. 6 in Functional Significance Of Anatomical Accommodation In The Skull Of Common Hoopoe, Upupa Epops (Bucerotiforme Upupidae)
Fig. 6. Quadrate of common hoopoe Upupa epops (A, C — lateral view; B, D —medial view) illustrating their processes. Scale bar 5 mm. See the list of anatomical abbreviation.
Figure 3 from: de Beer ZW, Marincowitz S, Duong TA, Wingfield MJ (2017) Bretziella, a new genus to accommodate the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Microascales, Ascomycota). MycoKeys 27: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.20657
Figure 3 - Line drawings of the oak wilt fungus. These illustrations are based on previously published line drawings and observations of the herbarium specimens (BPI 595712, FP 97476) in the present study. A Conidiophore and conidia in 10 % KOH (BPI 595712) B Ascomatal primordium re-drawn from Wilson (1956) C Median, histological section through ascoma embedded in the mycelial mat, re-drawn from Bretz (1952) D Ascospores in 10 % KOH (FP 97476) E Ostiolar hyphae (FP 97476). Scale bars: A, D = 10 µm, E = 50 µm, B, C = 100 µm.
Figure 2 from: de Beer ZW, Marincowitz S, Duong TA, Wingfield MJ (2017) Bretziella, a new genus to accommodate the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Microascales, Ascomycota). MycoKeys 27: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.20657
Figure 2 - Morphological features of herbarium specimens and a living isolate of the oak wilt fungus. A, E, F, K Chalara quercina (BPI 595712, Lectotype) B, C, D, G, H, L Endoconidiophora fagacearum (FP 97476, Lectotype) I, J, M Living isolate treated as Ceratocystis fagacearum (CMW 2656 = CBS 138363, ex-epitype) A, B Dried cultures (arrow in B indicates the piece where ascomata were found) C, D Ascospores with sheaths (arrows) E–J Conidiophores K–M Conidia. Scale bars: C–J = 20 µm, K–M = 10 µm.
Figure 1 from: de Beer ZW, Marincowitz S, Duong TA, Wingfield MJ (2017) Bretziella, a new genus to accommodate the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Microascales, Ascomycota). MycoKeys 27: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.20657
Figure 1 - Bayesian phylogram derived from the analyses of the concatenated dataset (60S, LSU, MCM7). Maximum likelihood bootstrap values (≥ 70 %, 1000 replicates) and Bayesian posterior probabilities values (≥ 0.95) are indicated at nodes. "-" indicated no phylogenetic support or the support values are below 70% for ML and 0.95 for BI.
FIGURE 16. Atopida castanea White, head. A in Meatopida gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate two species originally described in Atopida White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea: Scirtidae)
FIGURE 16. Atopida castanea White, head. A) anterior view, B) anteroventral view.
FIGURE 15 in Meatopida gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate two species originally described in Atopida White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea: Scirtidae)
FIGURE 15. Meatopida gen. nov., geographical distribution.
FIGURE 7. Meatopida gen. nov., male genitalia. A in Meatopida gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate two species originally described in Atopida White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea: Scirtidae)
FIGURE 7. Meatopida gen. nov., male genitalia. A) M. testacea (Broun), B) M. dorsale (Broun).
FIGURE 14 in Meatopida gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate two species originally described in Atopida White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea: Scirtidae)
FIGURE 14. Waipoua Forest, Yakas Track—a locality where Meatopida testacea is very common.
FIGURE 4 in Grebennikovius, a new genus to accommodate Epactoides basilewskyi (Balthasar, 1960) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Deltochilini)
FIGURE 4. Labels associated with examined paratype of Phacosoma basilewskyi Balthasar, 1960.
Figure 5 from: Zhang S-N, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Jeewon R, Cheewangkoon R, Liu J-K (2019) Striatiguttulaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate Longicorpus and Striatiguttula gen. nov. from palms. MycoKeys 49: 99-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.49.30886
Figure 5 Longicorpusstriataspora (epitype MFLU 18–1580, epi-paratype MFLU 18–1582). a, b Appearance of ascoma on host surface c–e vertical section through an ascoma, with a clypeus near the ostiole f ostiole with periphyses g apex of the neck, with somewhat interwoven pale brown hyphae or setae h–k ascus l peridium in vertical section m vertical section of the neck, with thicker angular cells n pseudoparaphyses o–r ascospores s ascospore in India ink and presenting a clear mucilaginous sheath t germinating ascospore u, v Colony on PDA. Scale bars: 500 μm (a), 200 μm (b), 100 μm (c–e), 10 μm (f, l, n–t), 50 μm (g), 20 μm (h–k, m).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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