Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2011View details →

FIGURES 33, 34 in Nesting and Developmental Biology of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Stelis ater (Anthidiini) and Its Host, Osmia chalybea (Osmiini) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

FIGURES 33, 34. Radiographs of cocoons of Osmia chalybea, side view. 33. X-rayed cell containing mature larva surrounded by its cocoon. 34. Slice of CT scan of another cocoon showing anterior end of cocoon close to rear of preceding cell; note components of filter system at nipple although fine, loose silk not visible.

Figs. 12–15. Dioxys cincta. 12 in Immature Stages of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Dioxys cincta (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Dioxyini)

Figs. 12–15. Dioxys cincta. 12. Lower part of head of cast exuviae of fifth larval instar, lateral view, setae omitted and nonsclerotized cuticle partly reconstructed, drawn to same scale as head of fourth instar (fig. 9). 13, 14. Right mandible of cast exuviae of fifth larval instar, dorsal and inner views, respectively. 15. Pupa, lateral view. Scale line = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 6 in Immature Stages of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Dioxys cincta (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Dioxyini)

Fig. 6. Hatched egg of Dioxys cincta showing presumed eclosion opening through which second instar emerged, dorsal view.

Figs. 7–11 in Immature Stages of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Dioxys cincta (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Dioxyini)

Figs. 7–11. Fourth larval instar of Dioxys cincta. 7. Entire larva, lateral view, setae not shown. 8. Same, dorsal view, with setae indicated on enlarged lateral swelling. 9. Head, lateral view, with sclerotized areas diagrammatically depicted by uniform gray overtone (in actuality, depth of pigmentation varies on sclerotized areas on uncleared specimen, as indicated in description); pigmentation of front of face and labium not certainly known in this view. 10. Head, frontal view, with setae approximately represented on left and pigmentation represented diagrammatically on right by uniform gray tone; broad unpigmented ecdysial bands only roughly bilaterally symmetrical on actual specimen. 11. Head, ventral view, with setae approximately represented on left and pigmentation represented diagrammatically on right. Scale line (= 1.0 mm) refers to figs. 7 and 8.

Fig. 5 in Immature Stages of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Dioxys cincta (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Dioxyini)

Fig. 5. Anterior part of cast exoskeleton of first instar of Dioxys cincta taken from hatched egg. Scale line = 0.1 mm.

Figs. 3, 4 in Immature Stages of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Dioxys cincta (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Dioxyini)

Figs. 3, 4. Early stages of Dioxys pomonae resting on the egg of Osmia nigrobarbata Cockerell. 3. Egg before hatching. 4. Pharate true first instar that developed from same egg. For further explanation see text.

Figs. 1, 2 in Immature Stages of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Dioxys cincta (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Dioxyini)

Figs. 1, 2. Vertical nesting site in bank at 22 km WSW of Oltu, Erzurum, Turkey, July 2003. 1. From a distance. 2. Closeup of area identified by rectangle in fig. 1, showing numerous burrow openings of various diameters.

Fig. 53 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Fig. 53. Eggs of some cleptoparasitic bees from some of my recent publications, all reproduced in the same scale to illustrate the often complex shape of those that are hidden in open cells (above horizontal line) and the simple elongate shapes of those that are introduced into closed cells (below horizontal line). The size difference between the oocytes in these two categories is noteworthy, but is best analyzed in terms of oocyte length compared with body size of the female, i.e., the egg index; see Analyses and Results, subsection Size of Mature Oocytes.

Figs. 43, 44 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 43, 44. SEM micrographs of mature oocyte of Ericrocis lata. 43. Anterior end with micropylar area barely visible just below follicular debris; note smooth, platelike, polygonal patterning on outcurved (upper) surface and nodular patterning on incurved surface. 44. Midbody, showing platelike surface on outcurved surface changing to nodular patterning on incurved surface, lateral view.

Figs. 30, 31 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 30, 31. SEM micrographs of mature oocyte of Rhathymus bicolor. 30. Micropylar area. 31. Polygonal pattern just below micropyle on incurved side.

Fig. 29 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Fig. 29. Diagrams of mature oocytes of (from top to bottom) Rhathymus bicolor, Rhathymus species A, and Epiclopus gayi, lateral views, anterior ends to the left. Scale line (= 1.0 mm) refers to all figures.

Figs. 16–19 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 16–19. SEM micrographs of operculum of mature oocyte of Leiopodus abnormis. 16. Late stage, anterodorsal view. 17. Closeup of micropyle; note opercular rim causing micropyle to be recessed. 18. Early stage mature oocyte, with tubercles starting to be deposited, rim thin, and micropyle exposed (except for follicular debris appearing to divide it) anterodorsal view. 19. Intermediatestage mature oocyte, with tubercles partly developed and micropyle becoming recessed by rim, posterodorsal view.

Figs. 13–15 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 13–15. SEM micrographs of mature oocyte of Melectoides triseriatus, anterior end toward left. 13. Entire oocyte, dorsal view. 14. Closeup of micropylar area as outlined by rectangle in fig. 13. 15. Entire oocyte, lateral view.

Figs. 58–61 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 58–61. SEM micrographs of mature oocyte of Coelioxys novomexicana. 58. Entire oocyte, ventral view; anterior end toward the left. 59. Anterior end, frontal view. 60. Closeup of micropylar area; absence of strongly raised polygonal boundaries below unexplained but possibly due to dissection damage. 61. Closeup of micropyle.

Fig. 10 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Fig. 10. Diagrams of mature oocytes of Isepeolus luctuosus (above) and Melectoides triseriatus (below), anterior ends toward left. Scale line refers to both.

Figs. 11, 12 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 11, 12. SEM micrographs of anterior end of mature oocyte of Isepeolus luctuosus. 11. Dorsal view; note polygonal pattern of eclosion line anterior to micropyle. 12. Closeup of micropyle.

Figs. 1–4 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 1–4. SEM micrographs of mature oocytes of Kelita toroi. 1. Entire oocyte, lateral view, anterior end toward left; apparent longitudinal ridge along top an artifact presumably created by criticalpoint drying. 2. Closeup of micropylar process outlined by rectangle in fig. 1. 3. Entire oocyte, dorsal view. 4. Closeup of micropylar process outlined by rectangle in fig. 3.

Figs. 25–28 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 25–28. SEM micrographs of mature oocyte of Leiopodus trochantericus. 25. Entire latestage oocyte (except for posterior tip), dorsolateral view; note uneven dorsal chorion behind operculum. 26. Posterior part of earlystage oocyte, dorsolateral view, with dorsal chorion nearly smooth and strong polygonal pattern at posterior end. 27. Intermediatestage mature oocyte, nearly dorsal view, with dorsal chorion becoming uneven. 28. Closeup of micropylar area identified by rectangle in fig. 27.

Fig. 9 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Fig. 9. Macrophotograph of egg of Isepeolus luctuosus attached to cellophanelike lining of host cell. Egg presumably killed by first instar of another individual.

Figs. 37–42 in Eggs, Ovariole Numbers, and Modes of Parasitism of Cleptoparasitic Bees, with Emphasis on Neotropical Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Figs. 37–42. SEM micrographs of mature oocyte of Epiclopus gayi. 37. Anterior end. 38. Closeup of micropylar area defined by rectangle in fig. 37. 39. Midbody, showing smooth, platelike polygons defined by incised borders on outcurved (upper) surface and nodular patterning of incurved surface, lateral view. 40. Closeup of outcurved surface in rectangle in fig. 39. 41. Closeup of nodular surface at midbody. 42. Closeup of nodular surface near posterior end.