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1,923 results for “compounds”
Disentangling compound effects of changing disturbance and regeneration across temperate forest landscapes
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Data from: Effect of altitude on volatile organic and phenolic compounds of artemisia brevifolia wall ex Dc. from the Western Himalayas
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Data and code for: Dihydrothiazolo ring-fused 2-pyridone antimicrobial compounds effectively treat Streptococcus pyogenes skin and soft tissue infection
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Interactions outside local patches contribute to the compound topology of plant-pollinator networks in fragmented dune slacks
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Data from: Compounding negative effects of leaf litter absence and belowground competition from an invasive spring ephemeral on native spring ephemeral growth and reproduction
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Spectral sensitivity transition in the compound eyes of a twilight-swarming mayfly and its visual ecological implications
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Data from: Compound post-fire flood hazards considering infrastructure sedimentation
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Soil nitrogen cycling in a boreal hardwood forest in relation to the phenolic compound bearing species Ledum palustre
Ledum palustre (Labrador tea) is a late successional evergreen shrub widely distributed in boreal ecosystems that readily leaches high concentrations of soluble phenolic compounds into water. We selected this species in order to study whether leaf leachates could be responsible for the effects of plant canopy on N cycling under natural conditions. Organic matter content, soil respiration and net N mineralization were measured in organic and mineral soil horizons and gross N mineralization was also measured in mineral soils sampled underneath L. palustre in a hardwood forest dominated by Populus tremuloides and Betula neoalaskana. Soils were amended with L. palustre litter leachates and incubated in the laboratory. Because mineral soil is also influenced by the overlying organic horizon we also characterized some simple indices of the organic horizon carbon quality (lignin, cellulose and condensed tannins) to look for differences in likely decomposability. Our objectives were i) to determine whether L. palustre presence and L. palustre leachates addition changed soil N availability, and ii) to determine the specific N cycling processes that were affected, including changes in mineralization, nitrification or immobilization. We wanted to know whether L. palustre leachates could be a mechanism through which plant presence would impact N cycling.
Environmental fate of combustion-derived organic compounds in arid, urban soils in central Arizona-Phoenix
In this research we wanted to ask, what is the magnitude, distribution, and fate of non-point carbon pollution in a low-density, urban area? To answer this question, the goal of the project is to: 1) characterize and quantify combustion-derived carbon compounds in soils near roadways across the Phoenix valley, 2) explore the dynamic fate of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils, and 3) assess the importance of microbial community structure in PAH storage and dynamics. We collected 63 soil samples near highways across the Phoenix valley to characterize and quantify PAH compounds using extraction methods with Ultrasound Sonication and analyses by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, we measured a suite of soil properties and processes to explore the role of abiotic and biotic factors on the retention of PAHs in urban soil. PAH concentrations in arid Phoenix soils ranged from 52 ug/kg dry soil to 8,296 ug/kg (mean 926 ug/kg), nearly an order of magnitude lower on average than expected based on data from other cities (Figure 1, Table 1). The project findings show the extent of these pollutants, an EPA-priority group of hazardous compounds, in urban soils. Although the most likely sources for PAH content in roadway soils are vehicle emissions, they were not correlated with traffic density (r2 = 0.024; p = 0.26) or highway age (r2 = 0.044; p = 0.13) across all sites. However, PAH concentrations were significantly correlated to soil organic matter (r2 = 0.36; p less than 0.001). These results suggest that PAH concentrations in roadway soils of desert cities may be controlled by factors associated with carbon retention, such as soil organic matter, rather than source or rate of deposition
Raw data for Article "Copper-Catalyzed Oxyvinylation of Diazo Compounds"
<p>Raw NMR, MS and IR data for the related publication in Organic Letters: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01150">http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01150</a></p> <p>The number of the folders correspond to compounds numbers in the article. All details concerning conditions and equipment for measurements can be found in the supporting information of the article.</p>
Hydrogen storage properties of Mn and Cu for Fe substitution in TiFe0.9 intermetallic compound - Raw Dataset related to publication
<p>Data type: Experimental measurements and Rietveld Refinement. Date format: .opj, .pcr, .dat (Software FullProf package outputs). Origin of the data: Experimental x-ray diffraction patterns, and kinetic measurements of hydrogen absorption. Data generated by a Bruker D8 Advance Bragg Brentano diffractometer using Cu-Kα radiation (λ=1.5418 Å), and a home-made Sieverts’ type apparatus from CNRS, ICMPE, Thiais, France. Software needed to plot the data: Origin. Software needed to analyse the data: FullProf package.</p>
Plasma reforming of naphthalene as a tar model compound of biomass gasification
<p>Dataset for the paper; DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.02.075">10.1016/j.enconman.2019.02.075</a></p>
Enhanced reforming of mixed biomass tar model compounds using a hybrid gliding arc plasma catalytic process
<p>Datasheet for the paper; DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.05.046</p>
Plasma reforming of biomass gasification tars using mixed naphthalene and toluene as model compounds
<p>Dataset for the paper; DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2019.05.002</p>
Data from: Bacterial phylogeny predicts volatile organic compound composition and olfactory response of an aphid parasitoid
There is increasing evidence that microorganisms emit a wide range of volatile compounds (mVOCs, microbial volatile organic compounds) that act as insect semiochemicals, and therefore play an important role in insect behaviour. Although it is generally believed that phylogenetically closely related microbes tend to have similar phenotypic characteristics and therefore may elicit similar responses in insects, currently little is known about whether the evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships among microorganisms have an impact on insect-microbe interactions. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that phylogenetic relationships among 40 Bacillus strains isolated from diverse environmental sources predicted mVOC composition and the olfactory response of the generalist aphid parasitoid Aphidius colemani. Results revealed that phylogenetically closely related Bacillus strains emitted similar blends of mVOCs and elicited a comparable olfactory response of A. colemani in Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, varying between attraction and repellence. Analysis of the chemical composition of the mVOC blends showed that all Bacillus strains produced a highly similar set of volatiles, but often in different concentrations and ratios. Benzaldehyde was produced in relatively high concentrations by strains that repel A. colemani, while attractive mVOC blends contained relatively higher amounts of acetoin, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione, eucalyptol and isoamylamine. Overall, these results indicate that bacterial phylogeny had a strong impact on mVOC compositions and as a result on the olfactory responses of insects.
Data from: Chemical structure predicts the effect of plant-derived low-molecular weight compounds on soil microbiome structure and pathogen suppression
<p>1. Plant-derived low molecular weight compounds play a crucial role in shaping soil microbiome functionality. While various compounds have been demonstrated to affect soil microbes, most data are case-specific and do not provide generalizable predictions on their effects. Here we show that the chemical structural affiliation of low molecular weight compounds typically secreted by plant roots – sugars, amino acids, organic acids and phenolic acids – can predictably affect microbiome diversity, composition and functioning in terms of plant disease suppression.</p> <p>2. We amended soil with single or mixtures of representative compounds, mimicking carbon deposition by plants. We then assessed how different classes of compounds, or their combinations, affected microbiome composition and the protection of tomato plants from the soil-borne Ralstonia solanacearum bacterial pathogen.</p> <p>3. We found that chemical class predicted well the changes in microbiome composition and diversity. Organic and amino acids generally decreased the microbiome diversity compared to sugars and phenolic acids. These changes were also linked to disease incidence, with amino acids and nitrogen-containing compound mixtures inducing more severe disease symptoms connected with a reduction in bacterial community diversity.</p> <p>4. Together, our results demonstrate that low molecular weight compounds can predictably steer rhizosphere microbiome functioning providing guidelines to engineer microbiomes based on root exudation patterns by specific plant cultivars or crop regimes.</p>
A green extraction design for enhancing flavonoid compounds from the Ixora javanica flowers using a deep eutectic solvent
<p>In this study, an environmentally friendly extraction method for flavonoid compound from <em>Ixora javanica</em> as a new raw material candidate for herbal medicine and cosmetics, was developed. The objectives of the present work were to provide recommendations for the optimal extraction conditions and to investigate the effects of any extraction parameters on flavonoid yields from the <em>I. javanica</em> flower. The extraction process was performed using deep eutectic solvent (DES) (choline chloride and propylene glycol at molar ratio of 1:1) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method. Both single-factor and response surface analyses using three-level and three-factor Box Behnken designs were conducted to obtain the optimum flavonoid concentrations. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions for total flavonoids featured an extraction time of 40 min, 25% water content in DES, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:25 g/mL. An extract obtained under optimum extraction conditions showed higher total flavonoid yields than an ethanolic extract which was used for comparison. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images demonstrated that both of the solvents also showed different effects on the outer surface of the <em>I. javanica</em> flower during extraction process. In sum, our work succeeded in determining the optimum conditions for total flavonoids in the <em>I. javanica</em> flower using a green extraction method.</p>
Tracking long-distance migration of marine fishes using compound-specific stable isotope analysis of amino acids
The long-distance migrations by marine fishes are difficult to track by field observation. Here, we propose a new method to track such migrations using stable nitrogen isotopic composition at the base of the food web (<i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N<sub>Base</sub>), which allows for direct comparison of isotope ratios between proxy organisms of the isoscape and the target migratory animal. We initially constructed a <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N<sub>Base</sub> isoscape in the North Pacific by bulk and compound-specific isotope analyses of copepods (<i>n</i> = 360 and 24, respectively). We then determined retrospective <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N<sub>Base</sub> values of spawning chum salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>) from their vertebral centra (10 sections from each of two salmon), and estimated their migration routes by using a state-space model. Our isotope tracking method successfully reproduced a known chum salmon migration route between the Okhotsk and Bering seas, and our findings suggest the presence of a migration route to the Bering Sea Shelf during a later growth stage.
Raw data for the article "Azide Radical Initiated Ring Opening of Cyclopropenes Leading to Alkenyl Nitriles and Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds"
<p>Raw NMR, MS and IR data for the article "Azide Radical Initiated Ring Opening of Cyclopropenes Leading to Alkenyl Nitriles and Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds" published in Angewandte Chemie: </p> <p>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202013516 </p> <p>The number of the folders correspond to compounds numbers in the article. All details concerning conditions and equipment for measurements can be found in the supporting information of the article.</p> <p> </p>
Coherent spin dynamics of solitons in the organic spin chain compounds (o-DMTTF)2X (X = Cl, Br)
<p>Dataset of the paper</p> <p>https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.224414</p> <p> </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.