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445 results for “data constraint”
Data from: The evolution of a complex trait: cuticular hydrocarbons in ants evolve independent from phylogenetic constraints
Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) are ubiquitous and highly diverse in insects, serving as communication signal and waterproofing agent. Despite their vital function, the causes, mechanisms and constraints on CHC diversification are still poorly understood. Here, we investigated phylogenetic constraints on the evolution of CHC profiles, using a global dataset of the species-rich and chemically diverse ant genus Crematogaster. We decomposed CHC profiles into quantitative (relative abundances, chain length) and qualitative traits (presence/absence of CHC classes). A species-level phylogeny was estimated using newly generated and previously published sequences from five nuclear markers. Moreover, we reconstructed a phylogeny for the chemically diverse C. levior species group using cytochrome oxidase I. Phylogenetic signal was measured for these traits on genus and clade level and within the chemically diverse C. levior group. For most quantitative CHC traits, phylogenetic signal was low and did not differ from random expectation. This was true on the level of genus, clade and species-group, indicating that CHC traits are evolutionary labile. In contrast, the presence or absence of alkenes and alkadienes was highly conserved within the C. levior group. Hence, the presence or absence of biosynthetic pathways may be phylogenetically constrained, especially at lower taxonomic levels. Our study shows that CHC composition can evolve rapidly, allowing insects to quickly adapt their chemical profiles to external selection pressures, while the presence of biosynthetic pathways appears more constrained. However, our results stress the importance to consider the taxonomic level when investigating phylogenetic constraints.
Solving Constraint Horn Clauses Modulo Algebraic Data Types and Recursive Functions
<p>This repository contains the benchmark instances used for the evaluation of a new CHC solving algorithm. There are 4 folders:</p> <ol> <li>leon-original. Contains original benchmarks generated by Leon</li> <li>leon-with-rdf. leon-original benchmarks modified by adding RDFs</li> <li>rust-horn-original. Contains original benchmarks generated by RustHorn</li> <li>rust-horn-with-rdf. rust-horn-original benchmarks modified by adding RDFs</li> </ol> <p>The publisher is named anonymous to respect double blind review process</p>
Data from: Where Am I? Niche constraints due to morphological specialisation in two Tanganyikan cichlid fish species
Food resource specialisation within novel environments is considered a common axis of diversification in adaptive radiations. Feeding specialisations are often coupled with striking morphological adaptations and exemplify the relation between morphology and diet (phenotype-environment correlations), as seen in, for example, Darwin finches, Hawaiian spiders and, in particular, the cichlid radiations in East Africa. The cichlids' potential to rapidly exploit and occupy a variety of different habitats has previously been attributed to the variability and adaptability of their trophic structures including the pharyngeal jaw apparatus. Here we report a reciprocal transplant experiment designed to explore the adaptability of the cichlid's trophic structures in highly specialised cichlid fish species. More specifically, we forced two common but ecologically distinct cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika, Tropheus moorii (rock-dweller) and Xenotilapia boulengeri (sand-dweller), to live on their preferred as well as on an un-preferred habitat (sand and rock, respectively). We measured their overall performance on the different habitat types and explored whether adaptive phenotypic plasticity is involved in adaptation. We found that, while habitat had no effect on the performance of X. boulengeri, T. moorii performed significantly better in its preferred habitat. Despite an experimental duration of several months we did not find a shift in the morphology of the lower pharyngeal jaw bone that would be indicative of adaptive phenotypic plasticity in this trait.
Data for: Environmental and anthropogenic constraints on animal space use drive extinction risk worldwide
<p>Animals require a certain amount of habitat to persist and thrive, and habitat loss is one of the most critical drivers of global biodiversity decline. While habitat requirements have been predicted by relationships between species traits and home range size, little is known about constraints imposed by environmental conditions and human impacts on a global scale. Our meta-analysis of 395 vertebrate species shows that global climate gradients in temperature and precipitation exert indirect effects via primary productivity, generally reducing space requirements. Human pressure, however, reduces realized space use due to ensuing limitations in available habitat, particularly for large carnivores. We show that human pressure drives extinction risk by increasing the mismatch between space requirements and availability. We use large-scale climate gradients to predict current species extinction risk across global regions, which also offers an important tool for predicting future extinction risk due to ongoing space loss and climate change.</p>
Data for "Constraints on absolute chamber volume from geodetic measurements: Trapdoor faulting in the Galapagos"
<p>SNdif.mat: InSAR data covering the April 2005 trapdoor faulting event.</p> <p>SN_GPS.mat: GPS data of the April 2005 trapdoor faulting event.</p> <p>Both datasets were prepared and provided by Jonsson [2009]</p>
Data from: Evolutionary constraints mediate extinction risk under climate change
<p>Mounting evidence suggests that rapid evolutionary adaptation may rescue some organisms from the impacts of climate change. However, evolutionary constraints might hinder this process, especially when different aspects of environmental change generate antagonistic selection on genetically correlated traits. Here, we use individual-based simulations to explore how genetic correlations underlying the thermal physiology of ectotherms might influence their responses to the two major components of climate change—increases in mean temperature and thermal variability. We found that genetic correlations can influence population dynamics under climate change, with declines in population size varying three-fold depending on the type of correlation present. Surprisingly, populations whose thermal performance curves were constrained by genetic correlations often declined less rapidly than unconstrained populations. Our results suggest that accurate forecasts of the impact of climate change on ectotherms will require an understanding of the genetic architecture of the traits under selection.</p>
Data from: Contrasting patterns of disparity suggest differing constraints on the evolution of trilobite cephalic structures during the Cambrian 'explosion'
<p><span>Trilobites are an abundant group of Palaeozoic euarthropods that appear abruptly in the fossil record c. 521 million years ago. Quantifying the development of morphological variation (or 'disparity') through time in fossil groups like trilobites is critical in understanding evolutionary radiations such as the Cambrian 'explosion'. Here, I use geometric morphometrics to quantify 'cumulative disparity' in functionally-important structures within the trilobite cephalon across their initial radiation during Cambrian Series 2. Overall cephalic disparity increased rapidly and attained a maximum within several million years. This pattern is dominated by the cephalic outline (in particular the genal spines), reflecting rapid, convergent expansion to the extremes of morphospace in a few early families. In contrast, removing the outline and focusing on structures such as the glabella and eye ridges (associated with feeding and vision, respectively) showed a more gradual increase in disparity, closer in line with taxonomic diversity and supporting the hypothesis of a relatively accurate trilobite fossil record. These contrasting patterns suggest that disparity in different structures was constrained in different ways, with extrinsic (ecological) factors likely having the biggest impact on overall disparity. It also implies that patterns of disparity in isolated substructures cannot necessarily be taken individually as representative of overall morphologies.</span></p>
Phanerozoic tectonic and sedimentation history of the Arctic: constraints from deep-time low-temperature thermochronology data of Ellesmere Island and Northwest Greenland
<p>We present thermochronology and geochronology data from basement and (meta-)sedimentary samples collected on Ellesmere Island (Canadian High Arctic) and Northwest Greenland. The interpretations of our data are described and discussed in a paper in the journal Tectonics, titled “Phanerozoic tectonic and sedimentation history of the Arctic: constraints from deep-time low-temperature thermochronology data of Ellesmere Island and Northwest Greenland”. Our data include apatite fission track analyses, apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He analyses, and U-Pb analyses of detrital zircons. The data were used for inverse Monte Carlo simulations for obtaining time-temperature histories. We include descriptions of the analytical details related to the measurements, tests for potential effects of radiation damage on the (U-Th-Sm)/He age distributions, and we display the results of the Monte Carlo simulations for the individual samples. Our data set comprises a table summarizing constraints and specific parameters used for simulations (Table S1, summary input modelling), a table displaying the results of the simulations (Table S2, summary outcome thermal history inversions), a table displaying calculations of modelled overburden (Table S3, calculation of net burial and exhumation), a table summarizing the results of apatite fission track data, followed by several tables with the single-grain age and length data of fission track analyses (Table S4), a table with the detailed results of apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronology (Table S5), a table with single-grain zircon U-Pb data (Table S6), and a table with the results of statistical analysis for distinguishing individual age groups from the detrital zircon U-Pb age distributions (Table S7).</p>
Data from: Habitat suitability and the constraints of migration in New World warblers
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Data from: Constraints on speciation suggested by comparing lake-stream stickleback divergence across two continents
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Data from: Saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp stoichiometry (C : N : P) across temperate rainforests as evidence of shared nutrient constraints among symbionts
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Data for: More than what they eat: Uncoupled biophysical constraints underlie geographic patterns of herbivory
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Data from: Costs and constraints conspire to produce honest signalling: insights from an ant queen pheromone
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Data from: Quantifying the effects of ecological constraints on trait expression using novel trait-gradient analysis parameters
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Data from: The evolution of life cycle complexity in aphids: ecological optimization, or historical constraint?
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Data from: Evolutionary constraints mediate extinction risk under climate change
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Data from: Low recruitment due to altered settlement substrata as primary constraint for coral communities under ocean acidification
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Data from: Oncogene inference optimization using constraint-based modelling incorporated with protein expression in normal and tumour tissues
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Data from: The B-matrix harbours significant and sex-specific constraints on the evolution of multi-character sexual dimorphism
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Data from: Parentage analysis of Ansell's mole-rat family groups indicates a high reproductive skew despite relatively relaxed ecological constraints on dispersal
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.