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795 results for “fluctuations”
Data and code from: Experimental evolution of environmental tolerance, acclimation, and physiological plasticity in a randomly fluctuating environment
<p>Environmental tolerance curves, representing absolute fitness against the environment, are an empirical assessment of the fundamental niche, and emerge from the phenotypic plasticity of underlying phenotypic traits. Dynamic plastic responses of these traits can lead to acclimation effects, whereby recent past environments impact current fitness. Theory predicts that higher levels of phenotypic plasticity should evolve in environments that fluctuate more predictably, but there have been few experimental tests of these predictions. Specifically, will still lack experimental evidence for evolution of acclimation effects in response to environmental predictability. Here, we exposed 25 genetically diverse populations of the halotolerant microalgae Dunaliella salina to different constant salinities, or to randomly fluctuating salinities, for over 200 generations. The fluctuating treatments differed in their autocorrelation, which determines the similarity of subsequent values, and thus environmental predictability. We then measured acclimated tolerance surfaces, mapping population growth rate against past (acclimation) and current (assay) environments. We found that experimental mean and variance in salinity caused the evolution of niche position (optimal salinity) and breadth, with respect to not only current but also past (acclimation) salinity. We also detected weak but significant evidence for evolutionary changes in response to environmental predictability, with higher predictability leading notably to an upwards shift in optimal salinities and stronger acclimation effect of past environment on current fitness. We further showed that these responses are related to the evolution of plasticity for intracellular glycerol, the major osmoregulatory mechanism in this species. However the direction of plasticity evolution did not match simple theoretical predictions. Our results underline the need for a more explicit consideration of the dynamics of environmental tolerance and its underlying plastic traits to reach a better understanding of ecology and evolution in fluctuating environments.</p>
Anticipating fluctuations of bigeye tuna in the Pacific Ocean from three-dimensional ocean biogeochemistry
<p>1. Subseasonal to decadal ocean forecasting can make significant contributions to achieving effective management of living marine resources in a changing ocean. Most applications rely on indirect proxies, however, often measured at the ocean surface and lacking a direct mechanistic link to the dynamics of marine populations.</p> <p>2. Here we take advantage of three-dimensional, dynamical reconstructions and forecasts of ocean biogeochemistry based on a global Earth System Model to hindcast and assess the capacity to anticipate fluctuations in the dynamics of bigeye tuna (<em>Thunnus obesus</em> Lowe) in the Pacific Ocean during the last six decades. We reconstructed spatial patterns in catch per unit effort (CPUE) through the combination of physiological indices capturing both habitat preferences and physiological tolerance limits in bigeye tuna.</p> <p>3. Our analyses revealed a sequence of four distinct regimes characterized by changes in the zonal distribution and average CPUE of bigeye tuna in the Pacific Ocean. Habitat models accounting for basin-wide fluctuations in the thermal structure and oxygen concentration throughout the water column captured interannual fluctuations in CPUE and regime switches that models based solely on surface information were unable to reproduce. Decade-long forecast experiments further suggested that forecasts of three-dimensional biogeochemical information might enable anticipation of fluctuations in bigeye tuna several years ahead.</p> <p>4. <em>Synthesis and applications.</em> Together, our results reveal the impact of variability of biogeochemical conditions in the ocean interior on the dynamics of bigeye tuna in the Pacific Ocean, raising concerns about the future impact of ocean warming and deoxygenation. The results also lend support to incorporating subsurface biogeochemical information into ecological forecasts to implement efficient dynamic management strategies and promote the sustainable use of marine living resources.</p>
Combined fluorescence fluctuation and spectrofluorometric measure-ments reveal a red-shifted, near-IR emissive photo-isomerized form of Cyanine 5
<p><strong>This folder contains all raw data underlying the results presented in a manuscript, accepted for publication in International Journal of Molecular Sciences, and entitled:</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Combined fluorescence fluctuation and spectrofluorometric measurements reveal a red-shifted, near-IR emissive photo-isomerized form of Cyanine 5</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Authored by:</strong></p> <p>Elin Sandberg <sup>1</sup>, Joachim Piguet <sup>1</sup>, Haichun Liu <sup>1</sup> and Jerker Widengren <sup>1,</sup>*</p> <p> </p> <p><sup>1</sup> Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden</p> <p><sup>* </sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: jwideng@kth.se. Tel: +46-8-7907813</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>The data files are grouped into the different techniques used to generate them, and refer to the figures/tables in the manuscript where the extracted results are presented. </strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p>Cyanine fluorophores are extensively used in fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging. Upon continuous exciation, especially at excitation conditions used in single-molecule and super-resolution experiments, photo-isomerized states of cyanines easily reach population probabilies of around 50%. Still, effects of photo-isomerization are largely ignored in such experiments. Here, we studied the photo-isomerization of the pentamethine Cyanine 5 (Cy5) by two similar, yet complementary means to follow fluorophore blinking dynamics: fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and transient state (TRAST) excitation-modulation spectroscopy. Additionally, we combined TRAST and spectrofluorimetry (spectral-TRAST), whereby emission spectra of Cy5 were recorded upon different rectangular pulse-train excitations. We also developed a framework for analyzing transitions between multiple emissive states in FCS and TRAST experiments, how the brightness of the different states is weighted, and what initial conditions that apply. Our FCS, TRAST and spectral-TRAST experiments showed significant differences in dark state relaxation amplitudes for different spectral detection ranges, which we attribute to an additional, red-shifted emissive photo-isomerized state of Cy5, not previously considered in FCS and single-molecule experiments. The photo-isomerization kinetics of this state indicate that it is formed under moderate excitation conditions, and its population and emission may thus deserve also more general consideration in fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy experiments.</p>
Data for: Predator co-occurrence in alpine and Arctic tundra in relation to fluctuating prey
<p>Large carnivores influence ecosystem dynamics in multiple ways, e.g. by suppressing meso-carnivores and providing carrions for smaller scavengers. Loss of large carnivores is suggested to cause meso-carnivore increase and expansion. Moreover, competition between meso-carnivores may be modified by the presence of larger carnivores. In tundra ecosystems, the smallest meso-carnivore, the Arctic fox, has experienced regional declines, whereas its larger and competitively superior congener, the red fox, has increased, potentially due to changes in the abundance of apex predators. We explored if variation in occurrence of wolverine and golden eagle impacted the occurrence and co-occurrence of Arctic fox and red fox in relation to varying abundances of small rodents within the Scandinavian tundra. We applied multi-species occupancy models to an extensive wildlife camera dataset from 2011-2020 covering 98 sites. Daily detection/non-detection of each species per camera trap site and study period (late winter; March-May) was stacked across years and species occupancy was related to small rodent abundance while accounting for time of year and status of simulated carcass. Arctic fox was more likely to co-occur with red fox when wolverine was present, and less likely to co-occur with red fox when golden eagles were present and wolverine absent. Red foxes increased in occupancy when co-occurring with the larger predators. Arctic fox responded more strongly to small rodent abundance than red fox and co-occurred more often with the other species at carcasses when rodent abundance was low. Our findings suggest that the interspecific interactions within this tundra predator guild appear to be surprisingly intricate, driven by facets of fear of predation, interspecific mediation and facilitation, and food resource dynamics. These dynamics of intraguild interactions may dictate where and when conservation actions targeted towards the Arctic fox should be implemented.</p>
Data and MATLAB files for: Timescale analyses of fluctuations in coexisting populations of a native and invasive tree squirrel
<p>1. Competition from invasive species is an increasing threat to biodiversity. In Southern California, the western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus, WGS) is facing increasing competition from the fox squirrel (Sciurus niger, FS), an invasive congener.</p> <p>2. We used spectral methods to analyze 140 consecutive monthly censuses of WGS and FS within a 11.3 ha section of the California Botanic Garden. Variation in the numbers for both species and their synchrony was distributed across long timescales (> 15 months).</p> <p>3. After filtering out annual changes, concurrent mean monthly temperatures from nearby Ontario Airport (ONT) yielded a spectrum with a large semiannual peak and significant spectral power at long timescales (> 30 months). Squirrel-temperature cospectra showed significant negative covariation at long timescales (> 35 months) for WGS and smaller significant negative peaks at 6 months for both species.</p> <p>4. Simulations from a Lotka-Volterra model of two competing species indicates that the risk of extinction for the weaker competitor increases quickly as environmental noise shifts from short to long timescales.</p> <p>5. We analyzed the timescales of fluctuations in detrended mean annual temperatures for the time period 1915-2014 from 1218 locations across the continental USA. In the last two decades, significant shifts from short timescales to long timescales have occurred, changing from less than 3 years to 4-6 years.</p> <p>6. Our results indicate that (i) population fluctuations in co-occurring native and invasive tree squirrels are synchronous, occur over long timescales, and may be driven by fluctuations in environmental conditions; (ii) long timescale population fluctuations increase the risk of extinction in competing species, especially for the inferior competitor; and (iii) the timescales of interannual environmental fluctuations may be increasing from recent historical values. These results have broad implications for the impact of climate change on the maintenance of biodiversity.</p>
Effects of thermal fluctuations on biological processes: A meta-analysis of experiments manipulating thermal variability
<p>Thermal variability is a key driver of ecological processes, affecting organisms and populations across multiple temporal scales. Despite the ubiquity of variation, biologists lack a quantitative synthesis of the observed ecological consequences of thermal variability across a wide range of taxa, phenotypic traits, and experimental designs. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis to investigate how properties of organisms, their experienced thermal regime, and whether thermal variability is experienced in either the past (prior to an assay) or present (during the assay) affect performance, relative to the performance of organisms experiencing constant thermal environments. Our results – which draw upon 1,712 effect sizes from 75 studies – indicate that the effects of thermal variability are not unidirectional and become more negative as mean temperature and fluctuation range increase. Exposure to variation in the past decreases performance to a greater extent than variation experienced in the present and increases the costs to performance more than diminishing benefits across a broad set of empirical studies. Further, we identify life history attributes that predictably modify the ecological response to variation. Our findings demonstrate that effects of thermal variability on performance are context-dependent, yet negative outcomes may be heightened in warmer, more variable climates.</p>
Sub-diffusion flow velocimetry with number fluctuation optical coherence tomography
<p>This repository contains raw data and analysis routines of the publication <strong>“<em>Sub-diffusion flow velocimetry with number fluctuation optical coherence tomography</em>”</strong> in Optics Express (doi.org/10.1364/OE.474279<em>). </em>The reader is free to use the scripts and data in this depository if the manuscript is correctly cited in their work. For further questions, feel free to contact the corresponding author. Python 3.7 was used for programming. Keep in mind that running files with larger time series length may take up to 10 minutes and 2D flow profile analysis may take up to one hour.</p> <p>For 1D depth-resolved measurements each dataset includes diffusion, focus (beam shape) calibration, and flow measurements for different discharge rates, <em>Q</em>. For all measurements time series length is 31000 points and the sampling rate is 5.5 kHz. Diffusion measurements are performed on a static sample with a stationary beam. Focus (waist) calibration measurements are performed by moving the OCT beam over the static sample with a known velocity. Flow measurements are performed on the flowing sample with the stationary beam. Each measurement is averaged 6 times. The analysis process is as follows: Firstly, the beam waist (focus) calibration is performed using the script ‘Beam Shape.py’. For improved accuracy it is preferable to perform several measurements and average beam waist values at every depth. Secondly, the Doppler angle is determined using a flow measurement with the largest discharge rate using the script ‘Doppler Angle.py’. Thirdly, the flow profiles are obtained with predetermined calibration parameters using the script ‘Flow Profile.py’. Finally, the particle number density is calculated using the script ‘Number Density.py’. This requires knowledge of particle size for calculating the theoretical number density values. The particle size can be determined using the script ‘Diffusion.py’. All file names are sufficiently descriptive, showing whether it is diffusion, focus (waist) calibration or flow measurement.</p> <p>For 2D depth and laterally resolved measurements each dataset includes diffusion, focus (beam shape) calibration, M-scan and B-scan flow measurements for different discharge rates, <em>Q</em>. Diffusion and focus calibration measurements are same as in 1D. M-scan flow measurements are performed on a flowing sample with a stationary beam. They are same as flow measurements in 1D and are only used for determining the Doppler angle. B-scan flow measurements are performed by moving the OCT beam over the flowing sample with a known velocity. 2D flow profiles can be determined using the script ‘2D Flow Profile.py’. The table below summarizes all datasets and Python scripts uploaded to this repository.</p> <table align="center"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Name</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Usability</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Description</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Dataset, 15-03-2022.zip</p> </td> <td> <p>1D measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>Dataset for Doppler angle of 0.34 deg and alignment angle of 0 deg.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Dataset, 16-03-2022.zip</p> </td> <td> <p>1D measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>Dataset for Doppler angle of 1.74 deg and alignment angle of 2.3 deg.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Dataset, 22-03-2022.zip</p> </td> <td> <p>1D measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>Dataset for Doppler angle of 1.00 deg and alignment angle of 1.15 deg.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Dataset, 08-07-2022.zip</p> </td> <td> <p>2D measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>Dataset for Doppler angle of 1.84 deg and alignment angle of 0 deg.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Chirp.data</p> </td> <td> <p>All measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>File containing k-interpolation data</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ReadOCTFile.py</p> </td> <td> <p>All measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>Written by Jos de Wit, this module reads and imports spectra from raw OCT files.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Processing.py</p> </td> <td> <p>All measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>This module contains all analysis and processing routines.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Diffusion.py</p> </td> <td> <p>All measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>This script determines particle size from raw OCT spectra.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Beam Shape.py</p> </td> <td> <p>All measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>This script determines axial beam shape from raw OCT spectra.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Doppler Angle.py</p> </td> <td> <p>All measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>This script determines Doppler angle from raw OCT spectra.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Flow Profile.py</p> </td> <td> <p>1D measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>This script determines flow profiles from raw OCT spectra.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Number Density.py</p> </td> <td> <p>1D measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>This script determines particle number density raw OCT spectra.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>2D Flow Profile.py</p> </td> <td> <p>2D measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>This script determines 2D flow profiles from raw OCT spectra.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p>
Simulations on environmental fluctuations and the maintenance of sexually antagonistic alleles
<p>In this project, we investigate how environmental fluctuations impact the maintenance of sexually antagonistic alleles using the modelling framework of ecological coexistence theory.</p> <p>The simulations uploaded here can be used to reproduce the figures in the paper associated with this dataset. </p> <p> </p> <p>Please direct any queries about the project to <a href="https://github.com/stoufferlab/coexistence_alleles/blob/master/spflanagan.phd@gmail.com">spflanagan.phd@gmail.com</a>.</p>
Fluctuation-dissipation relation for a Bose-Einstein condensate of photons
<p>This repository contains the data presented in the manuscript titled "Fluctuation-dissipation relation for a Bose-Einstein condensate of photons" by F. E. Öztürk et al., <em>Phys. Rev. Lett. </em><strong>130</strong>, 033602 (2023)</p> <p>The files named 'fig{1,2,3,4}.xlsx' contain the final data sets relevant to reproduce all plots shown in the paper.</p>
Pairing enhanced by local orbital fluctuations in a model for monolayer FeSe
<p>Title : Piring enhanced by local orbital fluctuations in a model for monolayer FeSe</p> <p>Authors: Changming Yue * and Philipp Werner †</p> <p>Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland</p> <p>Abstract: The pairing mechanism in different classes of correlated materials, including iron-based superconductors, is still under debate. For FeSe monolayers, uniform nematic fluctuations have been shown in a lattice Monte Carlo study to play a potentially important role. Here, using dynamical mean-field theory calculations for the same model system, we obtain a similar phase diagram and provide an alternative interpretation of the superconductivity in terms of local orbital fluctuations and phase rigidity. Our study clarifies the relation between the superconducting order parameter, superfluid stiffness, and orbital fluctuations, and provides a link between the spin/orbital freezing theory of unconventional superconductivity and theoretical works considering the role of nematic fluctuations.</p> <p> </p> <p>Link: https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.184507</p> <p>PHYSICAL REVIEW B 104, 184507 (2021)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</strong></p> <p>The calculations were performed on the Beo05 cluster at the University of Fribourg, using a code based on iQIST. We acknowledge support from SNSF Grant No. 200021-196966. </p>
Data and codes for: Experimental evolution of evolutionary potential in fluctuating environments
<p>This supplementary data contains raw data for a publication: "Experimental evolution of evolutionary potential in fluctuating environments." 1) Raw data of optical density measurements (10 .csv files), 2) R-code for obtaining maximal growth rate and maximum biomass yield from measurements. 3) resulting data file 4) R-code for Bayesian analysis of the data.</p>
PDF of rescaled front fluctuations in Contact Process
<p>Data of the PDF of chi (rescaled front fluctuations), for 1, 2 and 3 dimensions. It has been measured for the interface representation of a contact process system at its critical point. See <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.10883">arXiv:2304.10883</a> for more details.</p> <p>Each file contain four headers starting with #. The columns show, in order, the chi, the probability and the error estimate by the jackknife procedure. All the columns are separated by space.</p> <p>Data for one-dimensional system in: chiPDF-1D-L8192-f2000.dat<br> Data for two-dimensional system in: chiPDF-2D-L512-f498.dat<br> Data for three-dimensional system in: chiPDF-3D-L128-f20.dat</p> <p>The datasets have been produced and employed in the context of a scientific work currently published in <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.10883">arXiv:2304.10883</a>. </p>
Designing single-cell experiments to harvest fluctuation information while rejecting measurement noise
<p>Numerical simulation outputs and model schematic figures for the Python portion (main text 3.1 and Supporting Information) in the preprint <em>Analysis and design of single-cell experiments to harvest fluctuation information while rejecting measurement noise</em> Huy D. Vo, Linda Forero, Luis Aguilera, Brian Munsky bioRxiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.11.443611</p>
Corals adapted to extreme and fluctuating seawater pH increase calcification rates and have unique symbiont communities
<p>Ocean acidification (OA) is a severe threat to coral reefs mainly by reducing their calcification rate. Identifying the resilience factors of corals to decreasing seawater pH is of paramount importance to predict the survivability of coral reefs in the future. This study compared corals adapted to variable pH<sub>T</sub> (i.e., 7.23–8.06) from the semi-enclosed lagoon of Bouraké, New Caledonia, to corals adapted to more stable seawater pH<sub>T</sub> (i.e., 7.90-8.18). In a 100-day aquarium experiment, we examined the physiological response and genetic diversity of Symbiodiniaceae from three coral species (<em>Acropora tenuis</em>, <em>Montipora</em> <em>digitata</em> and <em>Porites</em> sp.) from both sites under three stable pH<sub>NBS</sub> conditions (8.11, 7.76, 7.54) and one fluctuating pHNBS regime (between 7.56 and 8.07). Bouraké corals consistently exhibited higher growth rates than corals from the stable pH environment. Interestingly, <em>A</em>. <em>tenuis</em> from Bouraké showed the highest growth rate under the 7.76 pH<sub>NBS</sub> condition, whereas for <em>M. digitata</em> and <em>Porites</em> sp. from Bouraké, growth was highest under the fluctuating regime and the 8.11 pH<sub>NBS</sub> conditions, respectively. While OA generally decreased coral calcification by ca. 16%, Bouraké corals showed higher growth rates than corals from the stable pH environment (21% increase for <em>A. tenuis</em> to 93% for <em>M. digitata</em>, with all pH conditions pooled). This superior performance coincided with divergent symbiont communities that were more homogenous for Bouraké corals. Corals adapted to variable pH conditions appear to have a better capacity to calcify under reduced pH compared to corals native to more stable pH conditions. This response was not gained by corals from the more stable environment exposed to variable pH during the 100-day experiment, suggesting that long-term exposure to pH fluctuations and/or differences in symbiont communities benefit calcification under OA.</p>
Exact large-scale fluctuations of the phase field in the sine-Gordon model
<p>Raw data and Mathematica Notebooks for the thermodynamics and phase correlations in the sine-Gordon model</p> <p>It can be found:</p> <ol> <li>A transfer matrix code for equilibrium correlation functions.</li> <li>A solver for the classical Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz and the correlation functions of the phase field.</li> <li>A solver of the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz of the quantum sine-Gordon at the reflectionless points, and the computation of cumulants of the phase field.</li> <li>Monte Carlo data presented in the paper: cumulants of the phase field at unequal times on homogeneous thermal background and phase correlation on the inhomogeneous background mimicking the tunnel-coupled experiments.</li> <li>Mathematica notebooks that read the data and produce the figures shown in the paper.</li> </ol>
Data from: Response outcome gates the effect of spontaneous cortical state fluctuations on perceptual decisions
<p>Sensory responses of cortical neurons are more discriminable when evoked on a baseline of desynchronized spontaneous activity, but cortical desynchronization has not generally been associated with more accurate perceptual decisions. Here we show that mice perform more accurate auditory judgements when activity in the auditory cortex is elevated and desynchronized before stimulus onset, but only if the previous trial was an error, and that this relationship is occluded if previous outcome is ignored. We confirmed that the outcome-dependent effect of brain state on performance is neither due to idiosyncratic associations between the slow components of either signal, nor to the existence of specific cortical states evident only after errors. Instead, errors appear to gate the effect of cortical state fluctuations on discrimination accuracy. Neither facial movements nor pupil size during the baseline were associated with accuracy, but they were predictive of measures of responsivity, such as the probability of not responding to the stimulus or of responding prematurely. These results suggest that the functional role of cortical state on behavior is dynamic and constantly regulated by performance monitoring systems.</p> <p><strong>Data/analyses</strong>: Mice perform an auditory frequency discrimination task and in the main analyses we predict the outcome of the current or previous trial as a function of different behavioral variables (described in the README file). Different outcomes are predicted depending on the specific analyses. While animals perform the task, we record neuronal activity from the auditory cortex using silicon probes, as well as videos to extract facial movements and pupil size. Electrophysiological data was used to estimate the overall rate and synchrony of the neuronal population before stimulus presentation.</p>
A seven-year record of fluctuating core body temperatures of nesting leatherback and hawksbill sea turtles
<p>Sea turtles experience considerable changes in water temperatures during migrations and seasonal movements that will influence their body temperatures. Nothing is known of how sea turtles' core body temperatures vary from season to season at nesting sites. Over seven consecutive seasons we measured the surface temperatures of freshly laid eggs as proxies of core body temperatures of sea turtles using non-contact infrared thermometers. We estimated the temperatures of two species that have contrasting migration patterns - leatherbacks, which are adapted to migrate between tropical breeding sites to cold temperate waters, and hawksbills that are confined to the tropics and sub-tropics. We found considerable year-to-year variations in temperatures in both species (means ranging from 30.4°C to 31.5°C in leatherbacks), hawksbills the more so (28.1°C to 30.3°C). These differences will likely be modified by both natural seasonal variations and anthropogenic changes in global ocean temperatures and resulting changes in currents and water temperatures local to nesting beaches. These previously unrecognised fluctuations in body temperatures of nesting turtles have, it is argued, potential for predicting environmental tolerances, reproductive success, and nest site selection by sea turtles, and contribute to predictions of which rookeries may remain viable or not during future ocean warming.</p>
Data from: breeding under pressure: corticosterone is associated with reproductive investment under fluctuating predation risk in a long-lived sea duck
<p>Phenotypic plasticity may enable individuals to cope with predictable and unpredictable environments during their life-cycle. In that context, studying glucocorticoids – corticosterone (CORT) in birds – is relevant because of their primary role in allostasis. Higher baseline CORT levels are classically associated with environmental constraints and lower fitness (the CORT-fitness hypothesis). However, in some environments, higher baseline CORT levels can promote reproduction, therefore being associated with higher fitness (the CORT-adaptation hypothesis). These two hypotheses have been tested in multiple systems, but rarely in a context of fluctuating predation threat.</p> <p>We <span>used a </span>long-term individual-based monitoring of baseline CORT levels in female common eiders <em>Somateria mollissima</em> (n<sub>CORT</sub> = 1537; n<sub>individual</sub> = 790; 2009-2022) to disentangle the context-dependent links between environmental conditions, CORT and fitness. Importantly, the study population has been facing a drastic increase in predation pressure over the past decades, linked to the recovery of the white-tailed eagle <em>Haliaeetus albicilla</em>. Additionally, eiders breed on open or forested islands, further affecting adult and nest predation risk. This system allowed us to disentangle the relative contributions of within- and among-individual variation in baseline CORT levels under predation.</p> <p>Supporting the CORT-adaptation hypothesis, baseline CORT levels were positively associated with reproductive investment (clutch size), age and hatching success. By partitioning within- and among-individual effects, we showed that at the individual level, CORT flexibly increased with clutch size and age. Females displaying higher CORT levels were more successful, suggesting a link between CORT and individual quality.</p> <p><span>At both the population and individual levels, baseline CORT levels decreased over the study period. This decrease was correlated with an increase in predation risk. Females had reduced baseline CORT when nesting under high eagle abundance or adult predation risk (within-individual effect). Interestingly, apparent plasticity towards adult predation risk was only observed on open islands, likely reflecting habitat-dependent strategies.</span></p> <p><span>Consistent with the CORT-adaptation hypothesis, we show that changes in predation regime not only correlate with changes in reproductive investment, but also with rapid plastic adjustment of glucocorticoid levels and therefore individual strategies to cope with predation risk. Given the correlative nature of our study, we encourage further experimental studies testing for a causal relationship between predation and corticosterone levels.</span></p>
Simulation dataset for "Statistics of Pressure Fluctuations in Turbulent Kinetic Plasmas"
<p>All the dataset used in the paper and the python codes used to plot the figures can be found here. </p>
Signature of quantum criticality in cuprates by charge density fluctuations
<p>[This repository contains the raw data for the manuscript "<strong>Signature of quantum criticality in cuprates by charge density fluctuations</strong>" (arXiv:2208.13918)]</p> <p>The universality of the strange metal phase in many quantum materials is often attributed to the presence of a quantum critical point (QCP), a zero-temperature phase transition ruled by quantum fluctuations. In cuprates, where superconductivity hinders direct QCP observation, indirect evidence comes from the identification of fluctuations compatible with the strange metal phase. Here we show that the recently discovered charge density fluctuations (CDF) possess the right properties to be associated to a quantum phase transition. Using resonant x-ray scattering, we studied the CDF in two families of cuprate superconductors across a wide doping range (up to <em>p</em>=0.22). At <em>p</em>*≈0.19, the putative QCP, the CDF intensity peaks, and the characteristic energy Δ is minimum, marking a wedge-shaped region in the phase diagram indicative of a quantum critical behavior, albeit with anomalies. These findings strengthen the role of charge order in explaining strange metal phenomenology and provide insights into high-temperature superconductivity.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.