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665 results for “foundation”
Data from: Foundation species support fauna across multiple trophic levels via trophic and non-trophic mechanisms
<p>Given here are the data sets for the paper entitled "Foundation species support fauna across multiple trophic levels via trophic and non-trophic mechanisms".<br>1 Biomass of fauna.xlsx This file contains the biomass data for fauna in seagrass beds and unvegetated mudflats.<br>2 Abundance of fauna.xlsx This file contains the abundance data for fauna in seagrass beds and unvegetated mudflats.<br>3 Egg abundance.xlsx This file contains the abundance data for eggs in seagrass beds and unvegetated mudflats.<br>4 Stable isotope of fauna.xlsx This file contains the stable isotope data for all sampled faunal species, as well as basal resources.<br>5 Seagrass.xlsx This file contains the shoot density and canopy height data of seagrasses.<br>6 Survival rate.xlsx This file contains the survival rate data of the tethered consumers in the predation sheltering experiments.<br>7 Feeding trial.xlsx This file contains data on the number of different snail species attracted to the meat bait.<br>8 Stomach content.xlsx This file contains the stomach content data for the consumer species analyzed in our study.<br>The metadata for interpreting the data sets are included in the Excel files. </p>
Dataset for Foundation Model for Composite Materials and Microstructural Analysis
<p>This repository contains datasets generated for the publication <strong>"Foundation Model for Composite Materials and Microstructural Analysis". </strong></p> <p>The datasets are provided to facilitate replication of results, further research, and development in the field of composite materials and machine learning.</p> <h1>Contents:</h1> <ol> <li><strong>downstream_circular_inclusion.zip</strong> <ul> <li> <p>Description: This dataset consists of microstructure images and associated properties for circular inclusion composites used in the downstream tasks of the study.</p> </li> <li> <p>Structure:</p> <ul> <li> <p>train/: Contains training data directories and files.</p> </li> <li>valid/: Contains training data directories and files.</li> <li> <p>descriptors.csv: A CSV file with descriptors and homogenized stiffness components for validation data.</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>downstream_short_fiber.zip</strong> <ul> <li> <p>Description: This dataset consists of microstructure images and associated properties for short-fiber composites used in the downstream tasks of the study.</p> </li> <li> <p>Structure:</p> <ul> <li> <p>train/: Contains training data directories and files.</p> </li> <li>valid/: Contains training data directories and files.</li> <li> <p>descriptors.csv: A CSV file with descriptors and homogenized stiffness components for validation data.</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>inclusion_train_100k.zip</strong> <ul> <li>Description: This dataset contains 100,000 microstructure images of short-fiber composites used for self-supervised pre-training of the Masked Material Autoencoder (MMAE).</li> <li> <p>Structure:</p> <ul> <li> <p>mesh0dir/, mesh1dir/, ... mesh99999dir/: : Folders containing microstructure images used for pre-training.</p> </li> <li>descriptors.csv: A CSV file with descriptors related to the microstructures.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ol>
FIGURE 6 in Learning from Linnaeus: towards developing the foundation for a general structure concept for morphology*
FIGURE 6. The part of the definition of the genus Mandragora that refers to its stamen, taken from Linnaeus's Genera plantarum (1737) and transformed into a RDF graph.
FIGURE 5 in Learning from Linnaeus: towards developing the foundation for a general structure concept for morphology*
FIGURE 5. Implementation of the structure concept in RDF ontology: The trait to be described is represented by the 'Subject' of a RDF triple. The 'property' represents one perceptual category of the structure concept and functions as an empirical question that can only be answered by studying the trait. The answer to the question is represented by the 'Object' of the RDF triple and corresponds with one of the values that are allowed for this category according to the structure concept. One such describing RDF triple represents a morphological datum – the smallest piece of morphological information possible.
FIGURE 4 in Learning from Linnaeus: towards developing the foundation for a general structure concept for morphology*
FIGURE 4. Example of two definitions of concepts expressed in RDF: a) the definition of 'polarized junctioned cell' (for more information see text); b) the definition of 'protonephridium'—a protonoephridium always consists of a nephropore cell, a duct cell, a terminal cell, and extracellular matrix. However, some structures cannot be defined satisfactorily without reference to dispositions of being able to actively participate in specific biological processes. This is also the case for protonephridium, which participates in the process of excretion. This process can be partitioned into different phases, which at their turn have different parts of the protonephridium as their participants.
FIGURE 2 in The Linnean foundations of zoological and botanical nomenclature*
FIGURE 2. Linnaeus' professorial chair and student's backless benches at Hammarby near Uppsala, Sweden. Collections removed to London.
FIGURE 3 in The Linnean foundations of zoological and botanical nomenclature*
FIGURE 3. Linnaeus' description of man under Mammalia Primates, including geographical variation (footnotes omitted).
FIGURE 6. R in The Linnean foundations of zoological and botanical nomenclature*
FIGURE 6. R. Blanchard (a) and J. V. Carus (b); both played an important role in developing the first international Code of zoological nomenclature. (Photo taken at the occasion of the 3rd meeting of the German Zoological Society in Göttingen, 1893). [Archiv Zool. Mus. Berlin].
Cascading impacts of earthquakes and extreme heatwaves have destroyed populations of an iconic marine foundation species
<p>Aim: Ecologists traditionally study how contemporary local processes, such as biological interactions and physical stressors, affect the distribution and abundance of organisms. By comparison, biogeographers study the distribution of the same organisms, but focus on historic, larger-scale processes that can cause mass mortalities, such as earthquakes. Here we document cascading effects of rare biogeographical (seismic) and more common ecological (temperature-related) processes on the distribution and abundances of coastal foundation species.</p> <p>Location: Intertidal wave-exposed rocky reefs around Kaikōura, New Zealand, dominated by large, long-lived, and iconic southern bull kelps (<i>Durvillaea antarctica</i> and <i>Durvillaea willana</i>).</p> <p>Methods: In November 2016, a 7.8 Mw earthquake uplifted the coastline around Kaikōura by up to 2 m, and a year later the region experienced the hottest summer on record. Extensive sampling of intertidal communities over 15 km coastline were done shortly after the earthquake and heatwaves and 4 years after the earthquake.</p> <p>Results: <i>Durvillaea</i> lost 75% of its canopy to uplift and the heatwaves reduced canopies that had survived the uplift by an additional 35%. The survey done four years after the earthquake showed that <i>Durvillaea</i> had not recovered, and that the intertidal zone in many places now was dominated by small turfs and foliose seaweed.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Cascading impacts from seismic uplift and heatwaves have destroyed populations of <i>Durvillaea</i> around Kaikōura. Surviving smaller and sparser <i>Durvillaea</i> patches will likely compromise capacity for self-replacement and lower resilience to future stressors. These results are discussed in a global biogeographical-ecological context of seismic activity and extreme heatwaves, and highlight that these events, which are not particularly rare in a geological context, may have common long-lasting ecological legacies.</p>
Systemic racial disparities in funding rates at the National Science Foundation
<p>Concerns about systemic racism at academic and research institutions have increased over the past decade. Here, we investigate data from the National Science Foundation (NSF), a major funder of research in the United States, and find evidence for pervasive racial disparities. In particular, white principal investigators (PIs) are consistently funded at higher rates than most non-white PIs. Funding rates for white PIs have also been increasing relative to annual overall rates with time. Moreover, disparities occur across all disciplinary directorates within the NSF and are greater for research proposals. The distributions of average external review scores also exhibit systematic offsets based on PI race. Similar patterns have been described in other research funding bodies, suggesting that racial disparities are widespread. The prevalence and persistence of these racial disparities in funding have cascading impacts that perpetuate a cumulative advantage to white PIs across all of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.</p>
High temperature frequently increases facilitation between aquatic foundation species: A global meta-analysis of interaction experiments between angiosperms, seaweeds, and bivalves
<ol> <li><span>Many studies have quantified ecological impacts of individual foundation species (FS). However, emerging data suggest that FS often co-occur, potentially inhibiting or facilitating one another, thereby causing indirect, cascading effects on surrounding communities. Furthermore, global warming is accelerating, but little is known about how interactions between co-occurring FS vary with temperature. </span></li> <li><span>Shallow aquatic sedimentary systems are often dominated by three types of FS: slower-growing clonal angiosperms, faster-growing solitary seaweeds, and shell-forming filter- and deposit-feeding bivalves. Here, we tested the impacts of one FS on another by analyzing manipulative interaction experiments from 148 papers with a global meta-analysis.</span></li> <li> <span>We calculated </span><span>1,942 (non-independent) Hedges' <em>g</em> effect sizes,</span> <span>from 11,652 extracted values over performance responses, such as abundances, growths or survival of FS, and their associated standard deviations and replication levels. Standard aggregation procedures generated 511 independent Hedges' <em>g</em> that was classified into six types of reciprocal impacts between FS. </span> </li> <li><span>We found that (i) seaweeds had consistent negative impacts on angiosperms across performance responses, organismal sizes, experimental approaches, and ecosystem types; (ii) angiosperms and bivalves generally had positive impacts on each other (e.g., positive effects of angiosperms on bivalves were consistent across organismal sizes and experimental approaches, but angiosperm effects on bivalve growth and bivalve effect on angiosperm abundance were not significant); (iii) bivalves positively affected seaweeds (particularly on growth responses); (iv) there were generally no net effects of seaweeds on bivalves (except for positive effect on growth) or angiosperms on seaweeds (except for positive effect on 'other processes'); and (v) bivalve interactions with other FS were typically more positive at higher temperatures, but angiosperm-seaweed interactions were not moderated by temperature.</span></li> <li> <em><span>Synthesis</span></em><span>: Despite variations in experimental and spatiotemporal conditions, the stronger positive interactions at higher temperatures suggest that facilitation, particularly involving bivalves, may become more important in a future warmer world. Importantly, addressing research gaps, such as the scarcity of FS interaction experiments from tropical and freshwater systems and for less studied species, as well as testing for density-dependent effects, could better inform aquatic ecosystem conservation and restoration efforts and broaden our knowledge of FS interactions in the Anthropocene.</span> </li> </ol>
Marking the relaunch of UCT Press - a small contribution from OAPEN Foundation
<p>Endorsement for the relaunch of UCT Press </p><p>At OAPEN and DOAB we firmly believe in the collective benefit of openness as espoused by UNESCO's Recommendation on Open Science: "As a global public good, open science should belong to humanity in common and benefit humanity as a whole. To this end, scientific knowledge should be openly available and its benefits universally shared. The practice of science should be inclusive, sustainable and equitable." </p><p>Open and equitable scholarly publishing is central to this mission. This not only promotes fairness, inclusiveness, and diversity in knowledge production and exchange, but it also stimulates and fosters innovation across scientific communities and disciplines. Ensuring an open and more fluid transmission of knowledge cultivates collaborative and interdisciplinary initiatives as well as community engagement. To facilitate open science, it is imperative that relevant stakeholders like researchers, publishers, libraries, funders, and service providers collaborate to make open publishing of both journals and books work. </p><p>By combining shared expertise, resources are pooled and open infrastructures developed that are crucial to sustaining open access – from metadata management, usage reporting, and quality assurance to dissemination, archiving, and other important components that make open access work. While building trust – and as the open access community continues to grow and mature – more support for open science can be leveraged globally. </p><p>OAPEN and DOAB welcome and support the University of Cape Town Press's transition to open and its commitment to driving open access across South Africa, the African continent, and beyond. Such a commitment supports our common goal of promoting a fairer, more bibliodiverse, and sustainable scholarly publishing landscape to the benefit of us all – producers and consumers of science alike. </p>
Implementing School Wide PBS in Middle Schools: The Foundation for Effective Prevention
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04711681. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Alpha-1 Foundation DNA and Tissue Bank
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00884455. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Foundational Programs to Combat Clinician Stress
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07220421. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 37.
Alpha-1 Foundation Research Registry
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00499941. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 11.
Effects of Foundation and Functional Inspiratory Muscle Training in Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06696300. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
The Effects of Daily Anti-inflammatory Supplementation on Foundation Pain Index Scores in Chronic Opiate Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05896878. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 59.
Parkinson's Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01629043. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 1.
The Alpha-1 Foundation's and University of Florida's Alpha-1 Coded Testing (ACT) Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00500123. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.