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Data for: Correlated biodiversity change between plant and insect assemblages resurveyed after 80 years across a dynamic habitat mosaic
<p>Historical data on co-occurring taxa are extremely rare. As such, the extent to which distinct co-occurring taxa experience similar long-term patterns in species richness and compositional change (e.g., when exposed to a changing environment) is not clear. Using data from a diverse ecological community surveyed in the 1930s and the 2010s, we investigated whether local plant and insect assemblages displayed cross-taxon congruence – i.e., correlated patterns of species richness and compositional change – across six co-occurring taxa: vascular plants, non-vascular plants, grasshoppers and crickets (Orthoptera), ants (Hymenoptera: Formicinae), hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae), and dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata). All taxa exhibited high levels of turnover across the ca. 80-year time-period. Despite minimal observed changes at the level of the whole study-system, species richness displayed widespread cross-taxon congruence (i.e., correlated temporal change) across local assemblages within the study system. Hierarchical logistic regression models suggest a role for shared responses to environmental change underlying cross-taxon correlations and highlight stronger correlations between vascular plants and their direct consumers, suggesting a possible role for biotic interactions between these groups. These results provide an illustration of cross-taxon congruence in biodiversity change using data unique in its combination of temporal and taxonomic scope and highlight the potential for cascading and comparable effects of environmental change (abiotic and biotic) on co-occurring plant and insect communities. However, analyses of historical resurveys based on currently available data come with inherent uncertainties. As such, this study highlights a need for well-designed experiments, and monitoring programs incorporating co-occurring taxa, to determine the underlying mechanisms and prevalence of congruent biodiversity change as anthropogenic environmental change accelerates apace.</p>
Data for: Correlated biodiversity change between plant and insect assemblages resurveyed after 80 years across a dynamic habitat mosaic
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FIGURE 42 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 42. Trophic web of A. ramosus. Horizontal scale bars proportional to the numbers of reared specimens examined that are indicated in the bars. Arrows pointing out the direction of the trophic relationships: from phytophagous Bruchophagus spp. to the asphodel and from parasitoids to chalcid hosts. The estimated number of Bruchophagus abscedus parasitized by P. depilata was estimated considering that a mean of 10 Puklina emerge from a larva of Bruchophagus.
FIGURES 18A–H. Bruchophagus gijswijti. A–G in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURES 18A–H. Bruchophagus gijswijti. A–G, ♀. H, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view. C, pedicel and flagellum. D, apex of flagellum mounted on slide. E, mesonotum. F, propodeum. G, fore wing. H, antenna on slide mounting. A & F, ex A. fistulosus from Vinaròs, Castellòn, Spain. B, E & H, ex A. fistulosus, Banyuls-sur-Mer, Pyrénées-Orientales, France. C, D & G, female collected on a flower spike of A. fistulosus, Mireval, Hérault, France.
FIGURE 41 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 41. Trophic web of A. cerasiferus. Horizontal scale bars proportional to the numbers of reared specimens examined that are indicated in the bars. Arrows pointing out the direction of the trophic relationships: from phytophagous Bruchophagus spp. to the asphodel and from parasitoids to chalcid hosts.The estimated number of Bruchophagus abscedus parasitized by P. depilata was estimated considering that a mean of 10 Puklina emerge from a larva of Bruchophagus.
FIGURES 14A–D. Bruchophagus insulare. A–C in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURES 14A–D. Bruchophagus insulare. A–C, ♀. D, ♂. A, antenna. B. mesosoma in dorsal view. C, fore wing. D, base of antenna. All specimens ex A. ramosus, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy.
FIGURES 23A–J in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURES 23A–J. Eurytoma asphodeli, ♀. A, C, E, G & I, aestivalis phenotype, ex A. cerasiferus, non-overwintering generation, Aitona, Lleida, Spain. B, D, F, H & J, corsicae phenotype, ex A. ramosus, overwintering generation, Aléria, Corse, France. A–B, ventral view of mesepisternum. C–D, antenna. E–F, propodeum. G–H, fore wing. I–J, metasoma in lateral view.
FIGURES 31A–E in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURES 31A–E. Eupelmus confusus Al khatib. A–C, ♀. D–E, ♂. A, habitus. B, mesotarsus in lateroventral view. C, fore wing venation. D, habitus. E, fore wing venation. Female ex A. ramosus from Aléria, Vaccaja, Corse, France; male ex A. ramosus from Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy.
FIGURE 39 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 39. Trophic web of A. albus albus. Horizontal scale bars proportional to the numbers of reared specimens examined that are indicated in the bars. Arrows pointing out the direction of the trophic relationships: from phytophagous Bruchophagus spp. to the asphodel and from parasitoids to chalcid hosts.
FIGURE 47 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 47. Phenology of the two sexes of Eurytoma asphodeli according to the asphodel.
FIGURE 45 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 45. Phenology of the two sexes of Bruchophagus abscedus according to the asphodel.
FIGURE 35 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 35. Distribution map of Bruchophagus insulare, B. lecomtei and B. ribesi.
FIGURE 34 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 34. Distribution map of Bruchophagus abscedus, B. asphodelinae and B. gijswijti.
FIGURE 37 in Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae
FIGURE 37. Distribution map of Aximopsis balajasi and A. collina (only reared from asphodels)
Revolutionising Insect Biodiversity Monitoring with Cutting-Edge Sensors, Deep Learning, and Computer Vision
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