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799 results for “island endemism”
Fig. 1 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 1. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., an individual from near the Mariudo Waterfall, Iriomote Island (A), and holotype male (KUZ Z4329; B–D). A, In situ habitus (photograph taken by N. Sawada); B, dorsal view; C, lateral view; D, ventral view.
Fig. 8 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 8. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., paratype female (KUZ Z4332), left cyphopod. A, Anterior view; B, lateral view; C, posterior view, dashed lines indicate the lateral margins of serrations. Abbreviations: av, anterior valve; lf, lateral flange; pv, posterior valve.
Fig. 3 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 3. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., paratype female (KUZ Z4332). A, Antennomere V of left antenna, latero-apical view, showing sensilla basiconica bacilliformia; B, antennomere VI of left antenna, latero-apical view, showing sensilla basiconica bacilliformia.
Fig. 7 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 7. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., holotype male (KUZ Z4329), apical part of right posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: pe, prefemoral endite; tep, telopodite of posterior gonopod.
Genetic diversity, structure, and demography of Pandanus boninensis(Pandanaceae) with sea drifted seeds, endemic to the Ogasawara Islands of Japan: Comparison between young and old islands
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Habitat-linked genetic variation supports microgeographic adaptive divergence in an island-endemic bird species
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Data from: An island endemic born out of hybridization between introduced lineages
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Fig. 14 in New narrow-range endemic land snails from the sky islands of northern South Africa (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae and Urocyclidae)
Fig. 14. Sheldonia wolkbergensis sp. nov., holotype, shell diameter 7.7 mm (NMSA P0156/T4074).
Data from: Phylogeography of Aegean green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup): continental hybrid swarm vs. insular diversification with discovery of a new island endemic
Background: Debated aspects in speciation research concern the amount of gene flow between incipient species under secondary contact and the modes by which post-zygotic isolation accumulates. Secondary contact zones of allopatric lineages, involving varying levels of divergence, provide natural settings for comparative studies, for which the Aegean (Eastern Mediterranean) geography offers unique scenarios. In Palearctic green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup or Bufotes), Plio-Pleistocene (~2.6 Mya) diverged species show a sharp transition without contemporary gene flow, while younger lineages, diverged in the Lower-Pleistocene (~1.9 Mya), admix over tens of kilometers. Here, we conducted a fine-scale multilocus phylogeographic analysis of continental and insular green toads from the Aegean, where a third pair of taxa, involving Mid-Pleistocene diverged (~1.5 Mya) mitochondrial lineages, earlier tentatively named viridis and variabilis, (co-)occurs. Results: We discovered a new lineage, endemic to Naxos (Central Cyclades), while coastal islands and Crete feature weak genetic differentiation from the continent. In continental Greece, both lineages, viridis and variabilis, form a hybrid swarm, involving massive mitochondrial and nuclear admixture over hundreds of kilometers, without obvious selection against hybrids. Conclusions: The genetic signatures of insular Aegean toads appear governed by bathymetry and Quaternary sea level changes, resulting in long-term isolation (Central Cyclades: Naxos) and recent land-bridges (coastal islands). Conversely, Crete has been isolated since the end of the Messinian salinity crisis (5.3 My) and Cretan populations thus likely result from human-mediated colonization, at least since Antiquity, from Peloponnese and Anatolia. Comparisons of green toad hybrid zones support the idea that post-zygotic hybrid incompatibilities accumulate gradually over the genome. In this radiation, only one million years of divergence separate a scenario of complete reproductive isolation, from a secondary contact resulting in near panmixia.
Highland islands: assessing gene flow among populations of an aquatic highland endemic
<p>A variety of hierarchical gene flow models have been proposed to explain the distribution of genetic variation in aquatic environments. These models, including the Stream Hierarchy (SH), Death Valley (DV), Headwater (HW), and Widespread Gene flow (WG) models, provide testable hypotheses that focus on the degree of within-basin or within-stream network connectivity and an organism's dispersal abilities. We tested these models using <em>Tlaloc hildebrandi</em> (Profundulidae, Cyprinodontiformes), a freshwater fish endemic to the highlands of the Grijalva and Usumacinta River basins in southern Mexico. Data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs) showed that although <em>T. hildebrandi</em> was recovered as monophyletic, the sub-basins were not. We generated single nucleotide polymorphisms from the UCEs to analyse the data in a population genetic framework. These results differed between analyses such that two (STRUCTURE analysis) or three (DAPC analysis) genetic groupings were recovered. Overall, the results of this study provide support for the SH model. Some individuals from the Jataté sub-basin, however, conformed to the HW model, due to historical connections among headwater streams and rivers of the Jataté and Amarillo–Chenalhó clades/clusters. The greatest degree of gene flow has occurred from the Grijlava to the Usumacinta basins, two geographically proximate basins that have been hypothesized to have had previous connections.</p>
Threatened endemic arthropods and vertebrates partition their diets with non-native ants in an isolated island ecosystem - binary diet dataset and stats code
<p>The dietary dataset associated to <strong>"Threatened endemic arthropods and vertebrates partition their diets with non-native ants in an isolated island ecosystem"</strong>. We also provide the novel code (in R) used for the statistical analyses.</p>
Role of individual and population heterogeneity in shaping dynamics of multi-pathogen shedding in an island endemic bat
<p>Dataset for the manuscript "<strong>Role of individual and population heterogeneity in shaping dynamics of multi-pathogen shedding in an island endemic bat</strong>", including information of the bat samples and infection data.</p>
Fig 7 in Two new species of the genus Omoplax (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) from Mukojima Island, with new records of lace bugs endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan
Fig 7. Syntype of Omoplax desecta (Horváth, 1912) deposited in ELHU and its labels.
Figs 17–31 in A new subspecies of Bembidion sanatum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) endemic to the Mendeleev Volcano (Kunashir Island, Russia)
Figs 17–31. Male and female genitals of Bembidion sanatum: 17–19, 23–25, 28–29 – B.
Figs 5–16 in A new subspecies of Bembidion sanatum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) endemic to the Mendeleev Volcano (Kunashir Island, Russia)
Figs 5–16. Bembidion sanatum, detals: 5, 6, 9, 10, 13,14 – B. sanatum iwanai, ssp. n.; 7,
Figs 1–4 in A new subspecies of Bembidion sanatum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) endemic to the Mendeleev Volcano (Kunashir Island, Russia)
Figs 1–4. Bembidion sanatum, dorsal habitus: 1, 2 – B. sanatum iwanai, ssp. n.: 1 – male,
EST-SSR genotyping data from: Ecotype variation in the endemic tree Callicarpa subpubescens on small oceanic islands: Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental insights
<p><em>Callicarpa subpubescens</em>, endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, is suggested to have multiple ecotypes in the Hahajima Islands, specifically in the central part of the Ogasawara Islands. In this study, associations between genetic groups and spatial distribution, habitat, leaf morphology, size structure, and flowering time of each genetic group were investigated on Hahajima and the satellite Imoutojima Islands. Genetic groups were identified using EST-SSR markers, revealing four ecotypes named based on morphological features: Dwarf (D), Glabrescent (G), Tall (T), and Middle (M), with M being a result of the hybridization of G and T. Ecotype D, adapted to dry environments, is characterized by small tree size, dense thick leaves with abundant hairs, and is distributed in dry scrub. Ecotype G, adapted to understory of mesic forests, lacks leaf hairs. Ecotype T, adapted to the canopy of mesic forests, has hairy leaves and is tall in tree height. Ecotype M, adapted to the canopy of mesic scrub or edges of mesic forests, has hairy leaves but with a shorter tree height than ecotype T. Flowering peaks differed among all ecotype pairs except G and M, but the flowering times more or less overlapped among all ecotypes, suggesting that pre-mating isolation among ecotypes is not perfect. Post-mating isolation is considered absent, as there were no differences in the results, germination, and survival rates of one-year seedlings among inter- and intra-ecotype crossings. The existence of such ecotypes provides valuable insights into the ongoing speciation processes adapting to the oceanic island environments.</p>
Fig. 11 in Endemism on a threatened sky island: new and rare species of herpetofauna from Cerro Chucantí, Eastern Panama
Fig. 11. Species richness across habitats, as average species per transect (#species/transect).
Fig. 1 in Forbidden islands. The absence of endemics among the insular non-volant terrestrial mammalian fauna of the Red Sea
Fig. 1 - The Red Sea, as seen from space (NASA/courtesy of visibleearth.nasa.gov.)
TABLE 1 in Are some of the birds endemic to the Tres Marías Islands (Mexico) species?
<p>TABLE 1 Bird taxa endemic or nearly endemic to the Tres Marías islands. Taxa considered herein to be species are in boldface.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Scientific name</th><th>English name</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Patagioenas flavirostris madrensis</i></th><td>Red-billed Pigeon</td></tr><tr><th><i>Leptotila verreauxi capitalis</i></th><td>White-tipped Dove</td></tr><tr><th><i>Nyctidromus albicollis insularis</i></th><td>Common Pauraque</td></tr><tr><th><i>Cynanthus latirostris lawrencei</i></th><td>Broad-billed Hummingbird</td></tr><tr><th><i>Amazilia rutila graysoni</i></th><td>Cinnamon Hummingbird</td></tr><tr><th><i>Buteo jamaicensis fumosus</i></th><td>Red-tailed Hawk</td></tr><tr><th><i>Picoides scalaris graysoni</i></th><td>Ladder-backed Woodpecker</td></tr><tr><th><i>Caracara cheriway pallidus</i></th><td>Crested Caracara</td></tr><tr><th><i>Forpus cyanopygius insularis</i></th><td>Mexican Parrotlet</td></tr><tr><th><i>Amazona oratrix tresmariae</i></th><td>Yellow-headed Parrot</td></tr><tr><th><i>Myiopagis viridicata minima</i></th><td>Greenish Elaenia</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pachyramphus aglaiae insularis</i></th><td>Rose-throated Becard</td></tr><tr><th><i>Vireo hypochryseus sordidus</i></th><td>Golden Vireo</td></tr><tr><th><i>Vireo flavoviridis forreri</i></th><td>Yellow-green Vireo</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pheugopedius felix lawrencii</i></th><td>Happy Wren</td></tr><tr><th><i>Myadestes occidentalis insularis</i></th><td>Brown-backed Solitaire</td></tr><tr><th><i>Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni</i></th><td>Rufous-backed Robin</td></tr><tr><th><i>Melanotis caerulescens longirostris</i></th><td>Blue Mockingbird</td></tr><tr><th><i>Spinus psaltria witi</i></th><td>Lesser Goldfinch</td></tr><tr><th><i>Setophaga pitiayumi insularis</i></th><td>Tropical Parula</td></tr><tr><th><i>Piranga bidentata flammea</i></th><td>Flame-coloured Tanager</td></tr><tr><th><i>Cardinalis cardinalis mariae</i></th><td>Northern Cardinal</td></tr><tr><th><i>Granatellus venustus francescae</i></th><td>Red-breasted Chat</td></tr><tr><th><i>Icterus pustulatus graysonii</i></th><td>Streak-backed Oriole</td></tr></tbody></table>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.