Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
301
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
301 results for “law”
Data from: A generalized distribution interpolated between the exponential and power law distributions and applied to pill bug (Armadillidium vulgare) walking data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Applying Lanchester’s laws to the interspecific competition of coral reef fish
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Optimal allocation of law enforcement patrol effort to mitigate poaching activities
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Cope’s rule and the universal scaling law of ornament complexity
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Scaling laws of political regime dynamics: Stability of democracies and autocracies in the 20th-century
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Laws about bodily damage originate from shared intuitions about the value of body parts
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Common power laws for cities and spatial fractal structures
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Canada's common law species at risk legislation scoring rubric and provincial conservation plans for listed species at risk
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Heaps' law and Heaps functions in tagged texts: Evidences of their linguistic relevance
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Adherence to Menzerath’s Law is the exception (not the rule) in three duetting primate species
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Contextualizing macroecological laws: A big data analysis on electrofishing and allometric scalings in Ohio, USA
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Validity, applicability and universality of fractal scaling laws for natural lakes
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Association of rule of law and health outcomes: an ecological study
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Raw images for: The narrowing of dendrite branches across nodes follows a well-defined scaling law
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Re-evaluation of the law of constant extinction for ruminants at different taxonomical scale
<p><span>The "law of constant extinction," proposed by Van Valen, states that long and short-lived taxa have equal chances of going extinct. This pattern of age-independent extinction was originally inferred using the fossil record of several different taxa and relied on survivorship curves built from the literal reading of the fossil record. Van Valen's seminal work was mostly done at higher taxonomic levels, hence its prevalence at the species level could not be directly inferred. The surprisingly few subsequent studies done at the species level have challenged the prevalence of age-independent extinction, but those have, for the most part, failed to explicitly incorporate inherent biases of the fossil record. Using a recent Bayesian framework that accounts for several of those biases, including the fact that very short-living lineages might never make to the record itself, we showed that Ruminantia species present age-dependent extinction, where extinction probability decreases with species age. An analysis at the genus level suggested age-independent extinction but further examination suggested that the pattern might be more complex than previously reported by Van Valen. Our results indicate that different taxonomic levels may present different extinction regimes, which could justify the development of new macroevolutionary theory and methods.</span></p>
Attack behaviour in naive Gyrfalcons is modelled by the same guidance law as in Peregrines, but at a lower guidance gain
<p>The aerial hunting behaviours of birds are strongly influenced by flight morphology and ecology, but little is known of how this relates to the behavioural algorithms guiding flight. Here we use GPS loggers to record the attack trajectories of captive-bred Gyrfalcons (<i>Falco rusticolus</i>) during their maiden flights against robotic aerial targets, which we compare to existing flight data from Peregrines (<i>Falco peregrinus</i>). The attack trajectories of both species are well modelled by a proportional navigation (PN) guidance law, which commands turning in proportion to the angular rate of the line-of-sight to target, at a guidance gain <i>N</i><span><span></span></span>. However, naïve Gyrfalcons operate at significantly lower values of <i>N</i><span><span></span></span> than Peregrines, producing slower turning and a longer path to intercept. Gyrfalcons are less manoeuvrable than Peregrines, but physical constraint is insufficient to explain the lower values of <i>N</i><span><span></span></span> we found, which may reflect either the inexperience of the individual birds or ecological adaptation at the species level. For example, low values of <i>N</i><span><span></span></span> promote the tail-chasing behaviour that is typical of wild Gyrfalcons and which apparently serves to tire their prey in a prolonged high-speed pursuit. Likewise, during close pursuit of typical fast evasive prey, PN will be less prone to being thrown off by erratic target manoeuvres at low guidance gain. The fact that low-gain PN successfully models the maiden attack flights of Gyrfalcons suggests that this behavioural algorithm is embedded in a guidance pathway ancestral to the clade containing Gyrfalcons and Peregrines, though perhaps with much deeper evolutionary origins.</p>
Data from: Ornament complexity is correlated with sexual selection: (a comment on Raia et al., "Cope's rule and the universal scaling law of ornament complexity")
Raia et al. propose that the evolution of the shape and complexity of animal ornaments (e.g., deer antlers) can be explained by interspecific variation in body size and is not influenced by sexual selection. They claim to show that ornament complexity is related to body size by an 0.25-power law and argue that this finding precludes a role for sexual selection in the evolution of ornament complexity. However, their study does not test alternative hypotheses and mismeasures antler shape allometry by omitting much of the published data. We show that an index of sexual selection (sexual size dimorphism) is positively correlated with size-corrected antler complexity and that the allometric slope of complexity is substantially greater than 0.25, contra Raia et al. We conclude that sexual selection and physical constraints both affect the evolution of antler shape.
Data from: Taylor's Power Law and its decomposition in urban facilities
As one of the few generalities in ecology, Taylor's power law admits a power function relationship $V=aM^{b}$ between the variance $V$ and mean number $M$ of organisms in a quadrat. We examine the spatial distribution data of seven urban service facilities in 37 major cities in China, and find that Taylor's law is validated among all types of facilities. Moreover, Taylor's law is robust if we shift the observation window or vary the size of the quadrats. The exponent $b$ increases linearly with the logarithm of the quadrat size, i.e., $b(s) = b_0 + A\log(s)$. Furthermore, the ANOVA test indicates that $b$ takes distinct values for different facilities in different cities. We decompose $b$ into two different factors, a city-specific factor (CSF) and a facility-specific factor (FSF). variations in $b$ can be explained to a large extent by the differences between cities and types of facilities. Facilities are more evenly distributed in larger and more developed cities. Competitive interchangeable facilities (e.g. pharmacy), with larger FSFs and smaller $b$s, are less aggregated than complimentary services (e.g., restaurants).
Data from: On the physical origin of linguistic laws and lognormality in speech
Physical manifestations of linguistic units include sources of variability due to factors of speech production which are by definition excluded from counts of linguistic symbols. In this work we examine whether linguistic laws hold with respect to the physical manifestations of linguistic units in spoken English. The data we analyze comes from a phonetically transcribed database of acoustic recordings of spontaneous speech known as the Buckeye Speech corpus. First, we verify with unprecedented accuracy that acoustically transcribed durations of linguistic units at several scales comply with a lognormal distribution, and we quantitatively justify this 'lognormality law' using a stochastic generative model. Second, we explore the four classical linguistic laws (Zipf's law, Herdan's law, Brevity law, and Menzerath-Altmann's law) in oral communication, both in physical units and in symbolic units measured in the speech transcriptions, and find that the validity of these laws is typically stronger when using physical units than in their symbolic counterpart. Additional results include (i) coining a Herdan's law in physical units, (ii) a precise mathematical formulation of Brevity law, which we show to be connected to optimal compression principles in information theory and allows to formulate and validate yet another law which we call the size-rank law, or (ii) a mathematical derivation of Menzerath-Altmann's law which also highlights an additional regime where the law is inverted. Altogether, these results support the hypothesis that statistical laws in language have a physical origin.
Data from: A model of urban scaling laws based on distance dependent interactions
Socio-economic related properties of a city grow faster than a linear relationship with the population, in a log–log plot, the so-called superlinear scaling. Conversely, the larger a city, the more efficient it is in the use of its infrastructure, leading to a sublinear scaling on these variables. In this work, we addressed a simple explanation for those scaling laws in cities based on the interaction range between the citizens and on the fractal properties of the cities. To this purpose, we introduced a measure of social potential which captured the influence of social interaction on the economic performance and the benefits of amenities in the case of infrastructure offered by the city. We assumed that the population density depends on the fractal dimension and on the distance-dependent interactions between individuals. The model suggests that when the city interacts as a whole, and not just as a set of isolated parts, there is improvement of the socio-economic indicators. Moreover, the bigger the interaction range between citizens and amenities, the bigger the improvement of the socio-economic indicators and the lower the infrastructure costs of the city. We addressed how public policies could take advantage of these properties to improve cities development, minimizing negative effects. Furthermore, the model predicts that the sum of the scaling exponents of social-economic and infrastructure variables are 2, as observed in the literature. Simulations with an agent-based model are confronted with the theoretical approach and they are compatible with the empirical evidences.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.