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FIGURE 4 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species

FIGURE 4. Visualisation of outcomes of linear discriminant analysis on morphological traits of Gehyra nana group specimens across: upper plot) the four phylogenetically divergent lineages we describe here and the G. nana complex (confidence ellipse removed); lower plot) lineages within the G. nana species complex (for nana8 we removed the confidence ellipse due to the small sample sizes for this lineage; n = 5).Vectors indicate the relative contributions of strongly loading traits for the first 2 LDA axes.

FIGURE 8 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species

FIGURE 8. Holotype of Gehyra paranana sp. nov. (NTM R37057) from Robin Falls area, NT (scale bar = 10 mm).

FIGURE 3 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species

FIGURE 3. Upper) Phylogenetic tree for all samples of the Gehyra nana group subject to exon capture, obtained by RAxML on a concatenated dataset (from Moritz et al. 2018). Lower) Matrix summarising the geographic range and the pairwise geographic relations across all lineages and species within the G. nana group.

FIGURE 5 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species

FIGURE 5. Photos in life of the species described herein. A) Gehyra nana (lineage nana2) (NTM R37597) from Bradshaw Field Training Area, NT (S. Mahony), B) G. nana (nanamulti) (WAM R174051) from Drysdale River National Park, WA (R.J. Ellis), C) G. paranana sp. nov. (NTM R37601) from Bradshaw Field Training Area, NT (S. Mahony), D) G. pseudopunctata sp. nov. (not collected) from near Halls Ck, WA (S. Zozaya), E) G. granulum sp. nov. (WAM R171403) from Prince Regent River National Park, WA (P. Doughty), F) G. granulum sp. nov. (WAM R168561) from Byam Martin Island (P. Doughty), G) G. pluraporosa sp. nov. (WAM R174024) from Theda Station, WA (R.J. Ellis).

FIGURE 7 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species

FIGURE 7. Variation within the Gehyra nana complex. Lineages from left to right: nana1, nana4, nana4, nanamulti. All specimens from WAM (scale bar = 10 mm).

FIGURE 12 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species

FIGURE 12. Holotype of Gehyra granulum sp. nov. (WAM R176212) from Bell Gorge, WA (scale bar = 10 mm).

Fig. 4 in Divergent Morphology among Populations of the New Guinea Crocodile, Crocodylus novaeguineae (Schmidt, 1928): Diagnosis of an Independent Lineage and Description of a New Species

Fig. 4. Ventral cranial shape variation depicted using transformation grids with corresponding example specimen among drainages in Papua New Guinea. Solid points indicate consensus landmarks for all individuals, and lines extending from points indicate the extent (length) and direction of shape change exhibited by that classifier. Populations in northern drainages (i.e., Sepik; FMNH 14048; Crocodylus novaeguineae) exhibit an extended maxilla and reduced postcranial elements relative to southern populations from Lake Murray/Binaturi (C. halli; LSUMZ 44740) and the Aramia River (C. halli; USNM 211290), exhibiting strikingly shorter maxilla and enlarged postcranial elements.

Fig. 3 in Divergent Morphology among Populations of the New Guinea Crocodile, Crocodylus novaeguineae (Schmidt, 1928): Diagnosis of an Independent Lineage and Description of a New Species

Fig. 3. Dorsal cranial shape variation depicted using transformation grids with corresponding example specimen among drainages in Papua New Guinea. Solid points indicate consensus landmarks for all individuals, and lines extending from points indicate the extent (length) and direction of shape change exhibited by that classifier. Populations in northern drainages (i.e., Sepik River; FMNH 14048; Crocodylus novaeguineae) exhibit an extended maxilla and reduced postcranial elements relative to southern populations from Lake Murray/Binaturi (C. halli; LSUMZ 44740), exhibiting strikingly shorter maxilla and enlarged postcranial elements, or Aramia River (C. halli; USNM 211290), exhibiting a morphology closer to consensus.

Fig. 1 in Divergent Morphology among Populations of the New Guinea Crocodile, Crocodylus novaeguineae (Schmidt, 1928): Diagnosis of an Independent Lineage and Description of a New Species

Fig. 1. Homologous landmarks used in geometric morphometric analysis for dorsal (top, n ¼ 15 landmarks) and ventral (bottom, n ¼ 13 landmarks) views. LSUMZ 44740.

Fig. 2 in Divergent Morphology among Populations of the New Guinea Crocodile, Crocodylus novaeguineae (Schmidt, 1928): Diagnosis of an Independent Lineage and Description of a New Species

Fig. 2. Map of localities for specimens examined; Crocodylus novaeguineae from the Sepik (circle) and Hunstein (pentagon) drainages, and Crocodylus halli from Lake Murray (square), Binaturi (triangle), and Aramia (star) rivers.

Fig. 5 in Divergent Morphology among Populations of the New Guinea Crocodile, Crocodylus novaeguineae (Schmidt, 1928): Diagnosis of an Independent Lineage and Description of a New Species

Fig. 5. Canonical variates analysis exhibiting position in morphospace among specimens from SCN (Lake Murray, Binaturi, and Aramia; Crocodylus halli) and NCN (Sepik; Crocodylus novaeguineae) from dorsal (A; CV1 ¼ 75% variance, CV2 ¼ 13.7% variance) and ventral (B; CV1 ¼ 49% variance, CV2 ¼ 27.4% variance) perspectives.

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Fig. 4 in Genetic and morphological divergence among Gravel Bank Grasshoppers, Chorthippus pullus (Acrididae), from contrasting environments

Fig. 4 Discriminant function plot (group centroids ± SD for the first two discriminant func- tions) for the analysis presented in Table 7. Dark grey centroids: lowland heath populations; light grey centroids: alpine gravel bank populations

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Figs. 10–15 in A Morphologically Divergent New Genus and Species of Eurygeniinae from California, USA (Coleoptera: Anthicidae)

Figs. 10–15. Rastrogenius ambrosiaphilus, new genus and species, paratype male, terminalia. 10) Tergite VIII (pygidium); 11) Tergite X (proctiger); 12) Sternite VIII; 13) Sternite IX (spiculum gastrale); 14) Tegmen, ventral and lateral views; 15) Median lobe, ventral and lateral views. Scale bars = 0.5 mm; a is for 10–12, 14; b is for 13, 15.

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Figs. 8–9 in A Morphologically Divergent New Genus and Species of Eurygeniinae from California, USA (Coleoptera: Anthicidae)

Figs. 8–9. Left side of ventral mesothorax of Eurygeniinae. 8) Rastrogenius ambrosiaphilus, new genus and species, dried specimen; 9) Duboisius arizonensis, disarticulated specimen in glycerol.Abbreviations:MAes - mesanepisternum; MC - mesocoxa; MEp - mesepimeron; MV - mesoventrite; PC - postmarginal carina; AC - accessory carina.

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Figs. 6–7 in A Morphologically Divergent New Genus and Species of Eurygeniinae from California, USA (Coleoptera: Anthicidae)

Figs. 6–7. Rastrogenius ambrosiaphilus, new genus and species, holotype male. 6) Drawing of right protibial apex and protarsomere 1 with inset showing apical view of modified inner spur; 7) Photograph of same structure in wet specimen. Image credits: Lucie Gimmel.

FIGURE 11 in The glandulous Specklinia: morphological convergence versus phylogenetic divergence

FIGURE 11. Illustration of Specklinia pertenuis (C.Schweinf.) Karremans & Gravend by G.C.K. Dunsterville, based on Dunsterville 430 (AMES) from Venezuela. Reproduced with the kind permission of the Orchid Herbarium of Oakes Ames, the Harvard University Herbaria.

FIGURE 14 in The glandulous Specklinia: morphological convergence versus phylogenetic divergence

FIGURE 14. Known elevation distribution of the glandulous species of Specklinia. Based on the studied specimens cited. On the X-axis the elevations in meters are depicted.

FIGURE 7 in The glandulous Specklinia: morphological convergence versus phylogenetic divergence

FIGURE 7. Specklinia chontalensis (A.H.Heller & A.D.Hawkes) Luer. A. habit. B. flower. C. dissected perianth. D. petal. E. lip. F. column and lip, lateral view. G. column, ventral view. H. anther with pollinaria. I. pollinaria. Drawn by E. Winkel from Pupulin 6543 (JBL-spirit. L-spirit).

FIGURE 4. Specklinia alajuelensis Karremans & Pupulin. A. habit. B. flower. C. dissected perianth. D in The glandulous Specklinia: morphological convergence versus phylogenetic divergence

FIGURE 4. Specklinia alajuelensis Karremans & Pupulin. A. habit. B. flower. C. dissected perianth. D. column and lip, lateral view. E. anther and pollinaria. Drawn by A.P. Karremans & L. Oses from Karremans 3265 (JBL-spirit).

FIGURE 1. The glandulous Specklinia species. A. S. alajuelensis 1 in The glandulous Specklinia: morphological convergence versus phylogenetic divergence

FIGURE 1. The glandulous Specklinia species. A. S. alajuelensis 1 (Karremans 3265). B. S. alajuelensis 2 (Bogarín 2895). C. S. chontalensis (Pupulin 6543). D. S. gersonii (Karremans 6025). E. S. glandulosa (Karremans 6306). F. S. vittariifolia (Karremans 2945). Photographs by A.P. Karremans.