Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
1,552
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
1,552 results for “patch”
EOL Annelida Patch (ANN)
<p>Taxonomic hierarchy & species lists for Annelida compiled from multiple sources:</p> <p>Bantaowong, U., Chanabun, R., Tongkerd, P., Sutcharit, C., James, S.W., Panha, S., 2011. New earthworm species of the genus Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 from Thailand (Clitellata, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae). Zookeys, 90: 35-62.</p> <p>Bantaowong, U., Chanabun, R., James, S.W., Panha, S., 2016. Seven new species of the earthworm genus Metaphire Sims and Easton, 1972 from Thailand (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4117(1): 063-084.</p> <p>Blakemore, R.J., 2007. Checklist and phylogeny of Exxidae (Oligochaeta). European Journal of Soil Biology, 43: S9-S13.</p> <p>Blakemore, R.J., 2008. A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of the World – 3rd Edition (2008) December, 2008, <a href="http://www.annelida.net/earthworm/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">http://www.annelida.net/earthworm/</a></p> <p>Blakemore, R.J., 2011. Further records of non-cryptic New Zealand earthworms. ZooKeys, 160: 23-46.</p> <p>Blakemore, R.J., 2013. Earthworms newly from Mongolia (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Eisenia). ZooKeys, 285: 1–21.</p> <p>Blakemore, R.J., Chang, C.H., Chuang, S.C., Ito, M.T., James, S.W., 2006. Biodiversity of Earthworms in Taiwan: a Species Checklist with the Confirmation and New Records of the Exotic Lumbricids Eisenia fetida and Eiseniella tetraedra. Taiwania, 51 (3): 226-236.</p> <p>Blakemore, R.J., Park, T.S., Seo, H.Y., 2012. A new Korean earthworm (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 3368: 256-262.</p> <p>Buckley, T.R., James, S., Allwood, J., Bartlam, S., Howitt, R., Prada, D., 2011. Phylogenetic analysis of New Zealand earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) reveals ancient clades and cryptic taxonomic diversity. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 58: 85-96.</p> <p>Celis, L.V., Rangel-Ch, O., 2015. Two new earthworm species (Oligochaeta: Annelida) of the Caribbean region of Colombia. Zootaxa, 3974(1): 106–114.</p> <p>Cervantes, G., Fragoso, C., De Los Monteros, A.E., Sanchez-Ramos, G., Lara-Villalon, M., Yanez-Pacheco, M.J., Lazaro-Castellanos, J.O., James, S.W., 2016. New species of the earthworm genus Zapatadrilus (Clitellata, Acanthodrilidae) from northern Mexico. Zootaxa, 4189(2).</p> <p>Chanabun, R., Sutcharit, C., Tongkerd, P., Shau-Hwai, A.T., Panha, S., 2012. Three new species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworms of the genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Malaysia (Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae). Zootaxa, 3458: 120-132.</p> <p>Chanabun, R., Sutcharit, C., Tongkerd, P., Panha, S., 2013. The semi-aquatic freshwater earthworms of the genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Thailand (Oligochaeta, Almidae) with re-descriptions of several species. Zookeys, 265: 1-76. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.265.3911</p> <p>Chanabun, R., Inkavilay, K., Panha, S., 2017. New species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworm genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Thailand and Laos (Oligochaeta, Almidae). ZooKeys, 672: 1-34 (03 May 2017), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.672.10212</p> <p>Chang, C.H., Chuang, S.C., Wu, J.H., Chen, J.H., 2014. New species of earthworms belonging to the Metaphire formosae species group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) in Taiwan. Zootaxa, 3774(4).</p> <p>Christoffersen, M.L., 2008. Species catalogue and phylogenetic relations of criodriloids and basal glossoscolecoids (Annelida Clitellata Lumbricina) from South America. Tropical Zoology, 21: 209-226.</p> <p>Christoffersen, M.L., 2009. Species diversity and distributions of microdrile earthworms (Annelida, Clitellata, Enchytraeidae) from South America. Zootaxa, 2065: 51-68.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., 2012. Earthworm species, a searchable database. Opuscula Zoologica Budapest, 43: 97–99. <a href="http://earthworm.uw.hu/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">http://earthworm.uw.hu/</a></p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Tondoh, J.E, 2007. New and little-known earthworm species from the Ivory Coast (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae: Benhamiinae and Eudrilidae). Journal of Natural History, 41(41–44): 2551–2567.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Mischis, C.C., 2009. Earthworms from Argentinean Patagonia with description of two remarkable new species (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Lumbricidae and Megascolecidae). Journal of Natural History, 44(1-2): 31-40.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Pavlíček, T, 2011. A new earthworm genus Nouraguesia gen. nov. from French Guiana with description of two new species (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecidae). Journal of Natural History, 45: 27, 1759-1767.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Zicsi A., Mısırlıoğlu, M., 2006. An annotated checklist of the earthworm fauna of Turkey (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Zootaxa, 1175: 1–29.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Guei, M.A., Tondoh, J.E., 2009. New and little known earthworm species from the Mt. Nimba, Guinea (Oligochaeta, Acanthodrilidae: Benhamiinae). Zootaxa, 2141: 56-68.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Pop, V.V., Pop, A.A., 2011. The earthworm fauna of the Carpathian Basin with new records and description of three new species (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 250(1): 2-18.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Razafindrakoto, M., Blanchart, E., 2012. New and Little Known Giant Earthworms from Madagascar (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae). African Invertebrates, 52(2): 285-294.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Razafindrakoto, M., Blanchart, E., 2012. New and little known earthworm species from Central Madagascar (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae). Zootaxa, 3578: 36-42.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Sherlock, E., Talla Kouete, M., Doherty-Bone, T.M., 2015. Four new earthworm species from the highlands of Cameroon with description of a new genus Okudrilus gen. n. (Oligochaeta: Eudrilidae & Acanthodrilidae). African Invertebrates, 56(1): 25–38.</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Pearlson, O., Pavlíček, T, 2017. New Acanthodrilus species from New Caledonia (Clitellata, Megadrili, Acanthodrilidae). Journal of Natural History, 51: 1-14, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1355500</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Chang, C.-H., Pavlíček, T., Szederjesi, T., Esopi, D., Szlavecz, K., 2017. Molecular phylogeny and systematics of native North American lumbricid earthworms (Clitellata: Megadrili). PLoS ONE, 12(8): e0181504. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181504</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., Razafindrakoto, M., Hong, Y., 2017. Three new species of Kynotus from the Central Highlands of Madagascar (Clitellata, Megadrili). European Journal of Taxonomy, 336: 1-14, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.336</p> <p>Csuzdi, Cs., James, S.W., Lapied, E. 2018. DriloBASE. World Earthworm Database. <a href="http://taxo.drilobase.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">http://taxo.drilobase.org</a></p> <p>Domínguez, J., Aira, M., Breinholt, J.W., Stojanovic, M., James, S.W., Pérez-Losada, M., 2015. Underground evolution: New roots for the old tree of lumbricid earthworms. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 83: 7–19.</p> <p>Domínguez, J., Aira, M., Porto, P.G., Díaz Cosín, D.J., Pérez-Losada, M., 2017. Multigene phylogeny reveals two new isolated and relic earthworm genera (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 182: 258–274. DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx031</p> <p>Dos Santos, B.T.S., Bartz, M.L.C., Hernandez-Garcia, L.M., Rousseau, G.X., Martins, M.B., James, S.W., 2017. New earthworm species of Righiodrilus (Clitellata, Glossoscolecidae) from eastern Amazonia. Zootaxa, 4242(2). DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.2.11</p> <p>Feijoo, M.A., Brown, G.G., James, S.W., 2017. New species of Andiorrhinus Cognetti, 1908 (Oligochaeta: Rhinodrilidae) from Venezuela and Brazil. Zootaxa, 4363(1): 55. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4363.1.2</p> <p>Fragoso, C., Rojas, P., 2016. Lavellodrilus notosetosus sp. nov. (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae): a new Mexican earthworm with uncommon characters, revealed by a preliminary revision of subfamily Acanthodrilinae. Zootaxa, 4154(2): 1.</p> <p>Hackenberger, D.K., Hackenberger, B.K., 2013. Checklist of the earthworm fauna of Croatia (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Zootaxa, 3710(1): 001–030.</p> <p>Hendrix, P.F., 1995. Earthworm Ecology and Biogeography in North America. CRC Press.</p> <p>James, S.W., 2009. Revision of the earthworm genus Archipheretima Michaelsen (Clitellata: Megascolecidae), with descriptions of new species from Luzon and Catanduanes Islands, Philippines. Organisms Diversity and Evolution, 9(3): 244.e1-244.e16.</p> <p>James, S.W., 2012. Re-erection of Rhinodrilidae Benham, 1890, a senior synonym of Pontoscolecidae James, 2012 (Annelida: Clitellata). Zootaxa, 3540: 67-68.</p> <p>James, S.W., Davidson, S.K., 2012. Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida: Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences. Invertebrate Systematics, 26(2): 213-229.</p> <p>James, S.W., Gamiette, F., 2016. New species of Dichogaster Beddard, 1888 (Clitellata: Benhamiidae) with additional records of earthworms from Guadeloupe (French West Indies). Zootaxa, 4178(3), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.5</p> <p>Jirapatrasilp, P., Prasankok, P., Sutcharit, C., Chanabun, R., Panha, S., 2016. Two new Cambodian semi-aquatic earthworms in the genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 (Oligochaeta, Almidae), based on morphological and molecular data. Zootaxa, 4189(3): 543-558, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4189.3.5</p> <p>Lehmitz, R., Römbke, J., Jänsch, S., Krück, S., Beylich, A., Graefe, U., 2014. Checklist of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from Germany. Zootaxa, 3866: 221-245.</p> <p>Marchán, D.F., Fernández, R., de Sosa, I., Sánchez, N., Díaz Cosín, D.J., Novo, M., 2018. Integrative systematic revision of a Mediterranean earthworm family: Hormogastridae (Annelida, Oligochaeta). Invertebrate Systematics, 32(3):652-671. DOI: 10.1071/IS17048</p> <p>Moreno, A.G., Borges, S., eds. 2004. Advances in Earthworm Taxonomy (Annelida: Oligochaeta). Editorial Complutense, Madrid.</p> <p>Narayanan, S.P., Sathrumithra, S., Christopher, G., Julka, J.M., 2017. New species and new records of earthworms of the genus Drawida from Kerala part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae). ZooKeys, 691: 1-18, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.691.13174</p> <p>Nxele, T.C., 2012. The megadrile fauna (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of Queen Elizabeth Park, South Africa: species composition and distribution within different vegetation types. African Invertebrates, 53(2): 543–558.</p> <p>Paleobiology Database, PBDB, accessed at <a href="https://paleobiodb.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://paleobiodb.org</a></p> <p>Plisko, J.D., 2013. A new family Tritogeniidae for the genera Tritogenia and Michalakus, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta). African Invertebrates, 54(1): 69-92.</p> <p>Pop, V.V., Pop, A.A., Csuzdi, Cs., 2014. An annotated checklist of the Romanian earthworm fauna. Zoology in the Middle East, 58(4): 59-70, DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2012.10648985</p> <p>Purschke, Günter, Markus Böggemann, and Wilfried Westheide, eds. 2019. Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. Annelida. Vol. 1. Handbook of Zoology / Handbuch Der Zoologie. De Gruyter.</p> <p>Razafindrakoto et al., 2017 — Razafindrakoto, M., Csuzdi, Cs., James, S., Blanchart, E., 2017. New earthworms from Madagascar with key to the Kynotus species (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 268: 126-135.</p> <p>Reynolds, J.W., Wetzel, M.J., 2008. Terrestrial Oligochaeta (Annelida: Clitellata) in North America, including Mexico, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and Bermuda. Megadrilogica, 12(12): 157-208.</p> <p>Reynolds, J.W., Wetzel, M.J., 2012. Terrestrial Oligochaeta (Annelida: Clitellata) in North America, including Mexico, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and Bermuda. III. Megadrilogica, 15(8): 191-211.</p> <p>Reynolds, J.W., Wetzel, M.J. 2018. Nomenclatura Oligochaetologica. A Catalogue of Names, Descriptions and Type Specimens of the Oligochaeta. Second Edition. <a href="http://wwx.inhs.illinois.edu/people/mjwetzel/nomenoligo" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">http://wwx.inhs.illinois.edu/people/mjwetzel/nomenoligo</a></p> <p>Schiffer, Philipp H., Helen E. Robertson, and Maximilian J. Telford. 2018. Orthonectids Are Highly Degenerate Annelid Worms. Current Biology 28(12):1970-1974.e3. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.088" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.088</a>.</p> <p>Schmelz, R.M., ed. 2012. Global diversity of earthworms and other Oligochaeta (Annelida): collected papers. Zootaxa 3458 103–119.</p> <p>Szederjesi, T., Vavoulidou, E., Chalkia, C., Danyi, L., Csuzdi, Cs., 2017. An annotated checklist of earthworms of Greece (Clitellata: Megadrili). Zootaxa, 4272(1): 57-82. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.3</p> <p>Trakić, T., Valchovski, H., Stojanović, M., 2016. Endemic earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) of the Balkan Peninsula: a review. Zootaxa, 4189(2): 251-274.</p> <p>Weigert, A., Bleidorn, C., 2016. Current status of annelid phylogeny. Org Divers Evol 16, 345–362. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-016-0265-7" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-016-0265-7</a></p> <p>WoRMS Editorial Board (2020). World Register of Marine Species. Available from <a href="http://www.marinespecies.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">http://www.marinespecies.org</a> at VLIZ. <a href="https://doi.org/10.14284/170" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://doi.org/10.14284/170</a></p> <p>Zverkov, Oleg A., Kirill V. Mikhailov, Sergey V. Isaev, Leonid Y. Rusin, Olga V. Popova, Maria D. Logacheva, Alexey A. Penin, et al. 2019. Dicyemida and Orthonectida: Two Stories of Body Plan Simplification. Frontiers in Genetics 10. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00443" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00443</a>.</p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Lizards Patch (LIZ): EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Lizards Patch
<p>Squamata sans Serpentes. Hierarchy (following Ananjeva 2019, Conrad & Norell 2007, Pyron 2017, Pyron et al. 2013, Reeder et al. 2015, Streicher & Wiens 2017, Zheng & Wiens 2016), extinct taxa (main source: <a href="<p></p>http://www.paleobiodb.org/">Paleobiology Database</a>), additions & corrections for Recent taxa (main source: <a href="<p></p>http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/">Reptile Database</a>) to complement Catalogue of Life coverage.</p> <p>Data sources:</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1988. The new lizards (Lacertilia: Teiidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. In F. Kurochkin (ed.), Fossil reptiles and birds of Mongolia.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1989. [New priscagamas (Lacertilia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia and their systematic position in the Iguania]. Paleontologiceskij Zhurnal 4:73-87.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1993. New lizards of the family Macrocephalosauridae (Sauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia, critical remarks on the systematics of the Teiidae. Paleontological Journal 27(1):70-90.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1996. Lizards of the families Priscagamidae and Hoplocercidae (Sauria, Iguania): phylogenetic position and new representatives from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 30(4):466-483.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2000. Macrocephalosaurs and the early evolution of lizards of Central Asia. Transactions of the Palaeontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 272.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2000. The fossil record of Cretaceous lizards from Mongolia. In M.J. Benton, M.A. Shishkin, D.M. Unwin, & E N. Kurichkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2009. New acrodont lizards (Lacertilia) from the Middle Eocene of southern Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 43(6):675-685.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2012. Lizards of the family Arretosauridae Gilmore, 1943 (Iguanomorpha, Iguania) from the Paleogene of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 46(4):412-420.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2013. Desertiguana gobiensis gen. et sp. nov., a new lizard (Phrynosomatidae, Iguanomorpha) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 47(4):417-424.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2016. Lizards of the family Hodzhakuliidae (Scincomorpha) from the lower Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontol. J. 50:504–513. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030116050038">https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030116050038 </a></p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2018. A New Platynotan Lizard (Parasaniwidae, Anguimorpha) from the Late Paleocene of Southern Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 52(12):1432-1435.</p> <p>Ananjeva, N.B. 2019. Current State of the Problems in the Phylogeny of Squamate Reptiles (Squamata, Reptilia). Biol Bull Rev 9:119–128. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086419020026">https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086419020026 </a></p> <p>Apesteguía, S., J.D. Daza, T.R. Simões, J.C. Rage. 2016. The first iguanian lizard from the Mesozoic of Africa. Royal Society Open Science 3:160462:1-13.</p> <p>Arnold, E.N., D. Azar, I. Ineich, A. Nel. 2002. The oldest reptile in amber: a 120 million year old lizard from Lebanon. Journal of Zoology 258:7-10.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2003. La faune de Lacertilia (Reptilia, Squamata) de l__Éocène inférieur de Prémontré (Bassin de Paris, France). Geodiversitas 25(3):539-574.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2005. Evolution des lézards du Paléogène en Europe. Mémoires du Muséum national d__histoire naturelle 192:1-369.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2007. Past and present distribution of iguanid lizards. Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 65(4):403-416.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., D. Pouit. 2012. Presence of iguanid lizards in the European Oligocene Lazarus taxa and fossil abundance. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 183(6):653-660.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., J.-C. Rage. 2006. Herpetofaunas from the Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene of Morocco. Annales de Paléontologie 92(3):235-253.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., R.M. Sullivan. 2006. A new genus, Paraplacosauriops (Squamata, Anguidae, Glyptosaurinae), from the Eocene of France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(1):133-137.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., R. Smith. 2002. Nouveaux Lacertidae (Reptilia, Squamata) de l__Eocène inférieur européen. Belgian Journal of Zoology 131(1):3-15.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., R. Smith. 2009. An assemblage of early Oligocene lizards (Squamata) from the locality of Boutersem (Belgium), with comments on the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155:148-170.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2012. Amphisbaenians from the European Eocene: a biogeographical review. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 92(4):425-443.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., S. Hervet. 2009. Fossil lizards from the locality of Gannat (late Oligocene–early Miocene, France) and a revision of the genus Pseudeumeces (Squamata, Lacertidae). Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 89:191-201.</p> <p>Averianov, A.O., P.P. Skutschas, A.V. Lopatin, S.V. Leschinskiy, A.S. Rezvyi, A.V. Fayngerts. 2005. Early Cretaceous mammals from Bol__Shoi Kemchug 3 locality in West Siberia, Russia. Russian Journal of Theriology 4(1):1-12.</p> <p>Bailon, S. 2000. Amphibiens et reptiles du Pliocène terminal d__Ahl al Oughlam (Casablanca, Maroc). Geodiversitas 22(4):539-558.</p> <p>Bailon, S., M.L. Augé. 2012. Un nouveau genre, Ragesaurus (Squamata, Anguidae, Anguinae), du Pléistocène inférieur des îles Medas (Catalogne, Espagne). Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 183(6):683-688.</p> <p>Bardet, N. 2012. The mosasaur collections of the Museum National d___Histoire Naturelle of Paris. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France 183(1):35-53.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, M. Iarochene, B. Bouya, M. Amaghaz. 2005. A new species of Halisaurus from the Late Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, and the phylogenetical relationships of the Halisaurinae (Squamata: Mosasauridae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 143:447-472.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, M. Iarochene, F. Bouyahyaoui, B. Bouya, M. Amaghzaz. 2004. Mosasaurus beaugei Arambourg, 1952 (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from the Late Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco. Geobios 37:315-324.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, M. Iarochène, M. Amalik, B. Bouya. 2005. Durophagous Mosasauridae (Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, with description of a new species of Globidens. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences — Geologie en Mijnbouw 84(3):167-175.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, N.-E. Jalil. 2003. A new mosasauroid (Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Morocco. Comptes Rendus Palevol 2:607-616.</p> <p>Bauer, A.M., W. Böhme, W. Weitschat. 2005. An Early Eocene gecko from Baltic amber and its implications for the evolution of gecko adhesion. Journal of Zoology 265:327-332.</p> <p>Bell, G.L., M.J. Polcyn. 2005. Dallasaurus turneri, a new primitive mosasauroid from the Middle Turonian of Texas and comments on the phylogeny of Mosasauridae (Squamata). Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 84(3):177-194.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1972. Hyporhina tertia, new species (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia), from the Early Oligocene (Chadronian) White River Formation of Wyoming. Annals of Carnegie Museum 44(1):1-10.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1973. Spathorhynchus fossorium, a middle Eocene amphisbaenian (Reptilia) from Wyoming. Copeia 1973(4):704-721.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1976. A new amphisbaenian (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia) from the Oligocene-Miocene John Day Formation, Oregon,. Journal of Paleontology 50(1):165-174.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1977. Spathorhynchus natronicus, a new species of rhineurid amphisbaenian (Reptilia) from the Early Oligocene of Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 51(5):986-991.</p> <p>Böhme, M. 2010. Ectothermic vertebrates (Actinopterygii, Allocaudata, Urodela, Anura, Crocodylia, Squamata) from the Miocene of Sandelzhausen (Germany, Bavaria) and their implications for environment reconstruction and palaeoclimate. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 84(1):3-41.</p> <p>Bohme, W., W. Weitschat. 1998. Redescription of the Eocene lacertid lizard Nucras succinea Boulenger, 1917 from Baltic amber and its allocation to Succinilacerta n. gen. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 81:203-222.</p> <p>Bolet, A., M.L. Augé. 2014. A new miniaturized lizard from the late Eocene of France and Spain. The Anatomical Record 297(3):505-515.</p> <p>Bolet, A., S.E. Evans. 2010. A new lizard from the Early Cretaceous of Catalonia (Spain), and the Mesozoic lizards of the Iberian Peninsula. Cretaceous Research 31:447-457.</p> <p>Bolet, A., S.E. Evans. 2012. A tiny lizard (Lepidosauria, Squamata) from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain. Palaeontology 55(3):491-500.</p> <p>Bolet, A., J.D. Daza, M.L. Augé, A.M. Bauer. 2015. New genus and species names for the Eocene lizard Cadurcogekko rugosus Augé, 2005. Zootaxa 3985(2):265-274.</p> <p>Bolet, A., M. Delfino, J. Fortuny, S. Amécija, J.M. Robles, D.M. Alba. 2014. An Amphisbaenian Skull from the European Miocene\r\nand the Evolution of Mediterranean Worm Lizards. PLoS ONE 9(6).</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1984. Anguimorphans and related lizards from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 46:5-105.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1985. Carolinidae, a new family of xenosaurid-like lizards from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 30(3-4):151-176.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1988. Globaura venusta gen. et sp. n. and Eoxanta lacertifrons gen. et sp. n. - non-teiid lacertoids from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 33(3):211-248.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1990. Gobekko cretacicus gen. et sp. n., a new gekkonid lizard from the Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 35(1-2):67-76.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M., S.M. Moody. 1984. Priscagaminae, a new subfamily of the Agamidae (Sauria) from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 29:51-81.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M., V. Alifanov. 1991. First Asiatic __iguanid__ lizards in the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36(3):325-342.</p> <p>Broschinksi, A., D. Sigogneau-Russell. 1996. Remarkable lizard remains from the Lower Cretaceous of Anoual (Morocco). Annales de Paléontologie (Vert.–Invert.) 82(3):147-175.</p> <p>Bullard, T.S., M.W. Caldwell. 2010. Redescription and rediagnosis of the tylosaurine mosasaur Hainosaurus pembinensis Nicholls, 1988, as Tylosaurus pembinensis (Nicholls, 1988). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(2):416-426.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W. 1999. Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new species of Coniasaurus Owen, 1850 (Squamata). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(3):438-455.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W. 2006. A new species of Pontosaurus (Squamata, Pythonomorpha) from the Upper Cretaceous of Lebanon and a phylogenetic analysis of Pythonomorpha. Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 34:1-42.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W., A. Palci. 2007. A new basal mosasauroid from the Cenomanian (U. Cretaceous) of Slovenia with a review of mosasauroid phylogeny and evolution. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(4):863-880.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W., A. Palci. 2010. A new species of marine ophidiomorph lizard, Adriosaurus skrbinensis, from the Upper Cretaceous of Slovenia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(3):747-755.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W., G.L. Bell. 2005. Of German princes and North American rivers: Harlan__s lost mosasaur snout rediscovered. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 84(3):207-211.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W., T. Konishi, I. Obata, K. Muramoto. 2008. A new species of Taniwhasaurus (Mosasauridae, Tylosaurinae) from the Upper Santonian-Lower Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(2):339-348.</p> <p>Campbell, M. Mekarski, D. Japundžić, K. Krizmanić, M.W. Caldwell. 2019. Description of a new basal mosasauroid from the Late Cretaceous of Croatia, with comments on the evolution of the mosasauroid forelimb. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.</p> <p>Carroll, R.L., M. DeBraga. 1992. Aigialosaurs: mid-Cretaceous varanoid lizards. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12(1):66-86.</p> <p>Čerňanský, A. 2010. A revision of chamaeleonids from the Lower Miocene of the Czech Republic with description of a new species of Chamaeleo (Squamata, Chamaeleonidae). Geobios 43:605-613.</p> <p>Čerňanský, A. 2019. The first potential fossil record of a dibamid reptile (Squamata: Dibamidae): a new taxon from the early Oligocene of Central Mongolia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.</p> <p>Čerňanský, A., M.L. Augé. 2013. New species of the genus Plesiolacerta (Squamata: Lacertidae) from the Upper Oligocene (MP28) of southern Germany and a revision of the type species Plesiolacerta lydekkeri. Palaeontology 56(1):79-94. </p> <p>Čerňanský, A., J.C. Rage, J. Klembara. 2015. The Early Miocene squamates of Amöneburg (Germany): the first stages of modern squamates in Europe. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13(2):97-128.</p> <p>Čerňanský, A., J.D. Daza, A.M. Bauer. 2018. Geckos from the middle Miocene of Devínska Novà Ves (Slovakia): new material and a review of the previous record. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 111:183-190.</p> <p>Čerňanský, A., J. Klembara, J. Muller. 2016. The new rare record of the late Oligocene lizards and amphisbaenians from Germany and its impact on our knowledge of the European terminal Palaeogene. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments.</p> <p>Čerňanský, A., J. Klembara, K.T. Smith. 2016. Fossil lizard from central Europe resolves the origin of large body size and herbivory in giant Canary Island lacertids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176:861-877.</p> <p>Čerňanský, A., M.L. Augé, J.-C. Rage. 2015. A complete mandible of a new amphisbaenian reptile (Squamata, Amphisbaenia) from the Late Middle Eocene (Bartonian, MP 16) of France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(1):e902379-1-e902379-9.</p> <p>Charig, A.J., C. Gans. 1990. Two new amphisbaenians from the Lower Miocene of Kenya. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology) 46(1):19-36.</p> <p>Christiansen, P., N. Bonde. 2002. A new species of gigantic mosasaur from the Late Cretaceous of Israel. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(3):629-644.</p> <p>Clos, L.M. 1995. A new species of Varanus (Reptilia: Sauria) from the Miocene of Kenya. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(2):254-267.</p> <p>Codrea, V.A., M. Venczel, A. Solomon. 2017. A new family of teiioid lizards from the Upper Cretaceous of Romania with notes on the evolutionary history of early teiioids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181(2):385-399.</p> <p>Conrad, J.L. 2006. An Eocene shinisaurid (Reptilia, Squamata) from Wyoming, U.S.A. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(1):113-126.</p> <p>Conrad, J.L. 2015. A new Eocene casquehead lizard (Reptilia, Corytophanidae) from North America. PLoS ONE 10(7):e127900. </p> <p>Conrad, J.L. 2018. A new lizard (Squamata) was the last meal of Compsognathus (Theropoda: Dinosauria) and is a holotype in a holotype. Zool J Linn Soc 183:584–634. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx055">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx055 </a></p> <p>Conrad, J.L., J.D. Daza. 2015. Naming and rediagnosing the Cretaceous gekkonomorph (Reptilia, Squamata) from Öösh (Övörkhangai, Mongolia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(5):e980891:1-5.</p> <p>Conrad, J.L., M.A. Norell. 2007. A Complete Late Cretaceous Iguanian (Squamata, Reptilia) from the Gobi and Identification of a New Iguanian Clade. American Museum Novitates 3584:1-47. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3584[1:ACLCIS]2.0.CO;2">https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3584[1:ACLCIS]2.0.CO;2 </a></p> <p>Conrad, J.L., O. Rieppel, L. Grande. 2007. A Green River (Eocene) polychrotid (Squamata, Reptilia) and a re-examination of iguanian systematics. Journal of Paleontology 81(6):1365-1373.</p> <p>Cuthbertson, R.S., R.B. Holmes. 2015. A new species of Plioplatecarpus (Mosasauridae, Plioplatecarpinae) from the Bearpaw Formation (Campanian, Upper Cretaceous) of Montana, USA. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(3):e922980:1-18.</p> <p>Dal, C. Sasso, G. Pinna. 1997. Aphanizocnemus libanensis n. gen. n. sp., a new dolichosaur (Reptilia, Varanoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous of Lebanon. Paleontologica Lombarda, nuova serie 7:1-31.</p> <p>Daza, J.D., V. Abdala, J.S. Arias, D. García-López, P. Ortiz. 2012. Cladistic Analysis of Iguania and a Fossil Lizard from the Late Pliocene of Northwestern Argentina. J. of Herpetology:104-119 46:104–119. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1670/10-112">https://doi.org/10.1670/10-112</a></p> <p>Daza, J.D., A.M. Bauer. 2012. A new amber-embedded sphaerodactyl gecko from Hispaniola, with comments on morphological synapomorphies of the Sphaerodactylidae. Breviora 529:1-28.</p> <p>Daza, J.D., A.M. Bauer, E.D. Snively. 2014. On the fossil record of the Gekkota. The Anatomical Record 297:433-462.</p> <p>Daza, J.D., A.M. Bauer, E.L. Stanley, A. Bolet, B. Dickson, J.B. Losos. 2018. An Enigmatic Miniaturized and Attenuate Whole Lizard from the Mid-Cretaceous Amber of Myanmar. Breviora 563(1):1-18.</p> <p>DeMar Jr, D.G., J.L. Conrad, J.J. Head, D.J. Varricchio, G.P. Wilson. 2017. A new Late Cretaceous iguanomorph from North America and the origin of New World Pleurodonta (Squamata, Iguania). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 284:20161902:1-7.</p> <p>Denton, R.K., R.C. O__Neill. 1995. Prototeius stageri, gen. et sp. nov., a new teiid lizard from the Upper Cretaceous Marshalltown Formation of New Jersey, with a preliminary phylogenetic revision of the Teiidae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(2):235-253.</p> <p>Dong, L., Y. Wang, L. Mou, G. Zhang, S.E. Evans. 2019. A new Jurassic lizard from China. Geodiversitas 41(16):623-641.</p> <p>Dong, L., Y. Wang, S.E. Evans. 2017. A new lizard (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China, with a taxonomic revision of Yabeinosaurus. Cretaceous Research.</p> <p>Dortangs, R.W., A.S. Schulp, E.W.A. Mulder, J.W.M. Jagt, H.H.G. Peeters, D.T. d. Graaf. 2002. A large new mosasaur from the Upper Cretaceous of the Netherlands. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences/Geologie en Mijnbouw 81(1):1-8.</p> <p>Estes, R. 1963. A new gerrhonotine lizard from the Pliocene of California. Copeia 1963(4):676-680.</p> <p>Estes, R. 1964. Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 49:1-187. Estes, R. 1969. A scincoid lizard from the Cretaceous and Paleocene of Montana. Breviora 331:1-9.</p> <p>Estes, R. 1969. Relationships of two Cretaceous lizards (Sauria, Teiidae). Breviora 317:1-8. Estes, R. 1983. Sauria terrestria, Amphisbaenia. Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie 10A:1-249.</p> <p>Estes, R., L.I. Price. 1973. Iguanid lizard from the Upper Cretaceous of Brazil. Science 180:748-751. Evans, S.E. 1998. Crown group lizards (Reptilia, Squamata) from the Middle Jurassic of the British Isles. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 250:123-154.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., B. Searle. 2002. Lepidosaurian reptiles from the Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset, southern England. In A.R. Milner, D.J. Batten (eds.), Life and Environments in Purbeck Times. Special Papers in Palaeontology 68:145-149.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., L.J. Barbadillo. 1997. Early Cretaceous lizards from Las Hoyas, Spain. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 119:23-49.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., L.J. Barbadillo. 1998. An unusual lizard (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Early Cretaceous of Las Hoyas, Spain. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 124:235-265.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., L.J. Barbadillo. 1998. The lizard Rubiessaurus Gómez Pallerola, 1979 from the Lower Cretaceous of Catalonia (Montsec, Lleida, Spain). Treballs del Museu de Geología de Barcelona 7:5-10.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., L.J. Barbadillo. 1999. A short-limbed lizard from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain. Special Papers in Palaeontology 60:73-85. Evans, S.E., M. Manabe. 1999. Early Cretaceous lizards from the Okurodani Formation of Japan. Geobios 32(6):889-899.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., M. Manabe. 2008. An early herbivorous lizard from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Palaeontology 51(2):487-498.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., R. Matusmoto. 2015. An assemblage of lizards from the Early Cretaceous of Japan. Palaeontologia Electronica 18(2):1-36. Evans, S.E., Y. Wang. 2010. A new lizard (Reptilia: Squamata) with exquisite preservation of soft tissue from the Lower Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8(1):81-95.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., Y. Yabumoto. 1998. A lizard from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Brazil. Neues Jahrbuch für Paläontologie und Geologie, Monatshefte 1998:349-364.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., G.V.R. Prasad, B.K. Manhas. 2002. Fossil lizards from the Jurassic Kota Formation of India. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(2):299-312.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., M.E.H. Jones, R. Matsumoto. 2012. A new lizard skull from the Purbeck Limestone Group (Lower Cretaceous) of England. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 183(6):517-524.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., M. Manabe, M. Noro, S. Isaji, M. Yamaguchi. 2006. A long-bodied lizard from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Palaeontology 49(6):1143-1165.</p> <p>Evans, S.E., P. Raia, C. Barbera. 2004. New lizards and rhynchocephalians from the Lower Cretaceous of southern Italy. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49(3):393-408.</p> <p>Everhart, M.J. 2005. Tylosaurus kansasensis, a new species of tylosaurine (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from the Niobrara Chalk of western Kansas, USA. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences — Geologie en Mijnbouw 84(3):231-240.</p> <p>Fanti, F., A. Cau, A. Negri. 2014. A giant mosasaur (Reptilia, Squamata) with an unusually twisted dentition from the Argille Scagliose Complex (late Campanian) of Northern Italy. Cretaceous Research 49:91-104.</p> <p>Folie, A., V. Codrea. 2005. New lissamphibians and squamates from the Maastrichtian of Hateg Basin, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50(1):57-71.</p> <p>Folie, A., B. Sigé, T. Smith. 2005. A new scincomorph lizard from the Palaeocene of Belgium and the origin of Scincoidea in Europe. Naturwissenschaften 92:542-546.</p> <p>Folie, A., R. Smith, T. Smith. 2013. New amphisbaenian lizards from the Early Paleogene of Europe and their implications for the early evolution of modern amphisbaenians. Geologica Belgica 16(4):227-235.</p> <p>Gallagher, W.B., C.E. Campbell, J.W. Jagt, E.W.A. Mulder. 2005. Mosasaur (Reptilia, Squamata) material from the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary interval in Missouri. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25(2):473-475.</p> <p>Gans, C., R. Montero. 1998. Two new fossil amphisbaenids (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Pleistocene of Lagoa Santa (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Steenstrupia 24(1):9-22.</p> <p>Gao, K., D. Dashzeveg. 1999. New lizards from the middle Eocene Mergen Formation, Mongolian Gobi Desert. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 73(1/2):327-335.</p> <p>Gao, K., D. Dashzeveg. 2000. Zephyrosauridion: a replacement name for Zephyrosaurus Gao and Dashzeveg 1999. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 74(3):467.</p> <p>Gao, K., M.A. Norell. 2000. Taxonomic composition and systematics of Late Cretaceous lizard assemblages from Ukhaa Tolgod and adjacent localities, Mongolian Gobi Desert. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 249:1-118.</p> <p>Gao, K., Z. Cheng. 1999. A new lizard from the Lower Cretaceous of Shandong, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19:456-465.</p> <p>Gao, K.-Q., L.-H. Hou. 1995. Iguanians from the Upper Cretaceous Djadochta Formation, Gobi Desert, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(1):57-78.</p> <p>Gao, K.-Q., R.C. Fox. 1991. New teiid lizards from the Upper Cretaceous Oldman Formation (Judithian) of southeastern Alberta, Canada, with a review of the Cretaceous record of teiids. Annals of Carnegie Museum 60(2):145-162.</p> <p>Gao, K.-Q., R.C. Fox. 1996. Taxonomy and evolution of Late Cretaceous lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from western Canada. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of natural History 33:1-107.</p> <p>Gauthier, J.A. 1982. Fossil xenosaurid and anguid lizards from the early Eocene Wasatch Formation, southeast Wyoming, and a revision of the Anguidea. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 21(1):7-54.</p> <p>Georgalis, G.L. 2017. Necrosaurus or Palaeovaranus ? Appropriate nomenclature and taxonomic content of an enigmatic fossil lizard clade (Squamata). Annales de Paléontologie 103:293–303. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annpal.2017.10.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annpal.2017.10.001</a> </p> <p>Grigoriev, D.V. 2013. Redescription of Prognathodon lutugini (Squamata, Mosasauridae). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 317(3):246-261.</p> <p>Haber, A., M.J. Polcyn. 2005. A new marine varanoid from the Cenomanian of the Middle East. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 84(3):247-255. </p> <p>Head, J.J., G.F. Gunnell, and P.A. Holroyd, J.H. Hutchison, R.L. Ciochon. 2013. Giant lizards occupied herbivorous mammalian ecospace during the Paleogene greenhouse in Southeast Asia. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 280(1763):1-7.</p> <p>Hecht, M.K. 1956. A new xantusiid lizard from the Eocene of Wyoming. American Museum Novitates 1774:1-8.</p> <p>Hecht, M.K., B.M. Hecht. 1984. A new lizard from Jurassic deposits of Middle Asia. Palaeontological Journal 18(3):133-136.</p> <p>Holman, J.A. 1970. Herpetofauna of the Wood Mountain Formation (Upper Miocene) of Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 7:1317-1325.</p> <p>Holman, J.A. 1972. Herpetofauna of the Calf Creek Local Fauna (Lower Oligocene: Cypress Hills Formation) of Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 9(12):1612-1631.</p> <p>Holman, J.A. 1981. A herpetofauna from an early extension of the Harrison Formation (early Miocene: Arikareean), Cherry County, Nebraska. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1(1):49-56.</p> <p>Hou, L. 1974. Paleocene Lizards from Anhui, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 12(3):193-200. Hou, L. 1976. New materials of Palaeocene lizards of Anhui. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 14(1):44-52.</p> <p>Houssaye, A., J.-C. Rage, F. Torcida Fernández-Baldor, P. Huerta, N. Bardet, X. Pereda Suberbiola. 2013. A new varanoid squamate from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian) of Burgos, Spain. Cretaceous Research 41:127-135.</p> <p>Houssaye, A., N. Bardet, J.-C. Rage, X. Pereda-Suberbiola, B. Bouya, M. Amaghzaz, M. Amalik. 2011. A review of Pachyvaranus crassispondylus Arambourg, 1952, a pachyostotic marine squamate from the latest Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco and Syria. Geological Magazine 148(2):237-249.</p> <p>Hutchinson, M.N., J.D. Scanlon. 2009. New and unusual plio-pleistocene lizard (Reptilia: Scincidae) from Wellington Caves, New South Wales, Australia. Journal of Herpetology 43(1):139-147.</p> <p>Ikeda, T., H. Ota, H. Saegusa. 2015. A new fossil lizard from the Lower Cretaceous Sasayama Group of Hyogo Prefecture, western Honshu, Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(1):e885032.</p> <p>Ivanov, M., M. Ruta, J. Klembara, M. Böhme. 2018. A new species of Varanus (Anguimorpha: Varanidae) from the early Miocene of the Czech Republic, and its relationships and palaeoecology. Journal of Systematic Paleontology 16(9):767-797.</p> <p>Jagt, J.W.M., N. Motchurova-Dekova, P. Ivanov, H. Capetta, A.S. Schulp. 2006. Latest Cretaceous mosasaurs and lamniform sharks from Labirinta cave, Vratsa district (northwest Bulgaria): a preliminary note. Annales Geologiques de la Peninsule Balkanique 67:51-63.</p> <p>Ji, S.-A. 2005. A new Early Cretaceous lizard with well-preserved scale impressions from western Liaoning, China. Progress in Natural Science 15(2):162-168.</p> <p>Jiménez-Huidobro, P., M.W. Caldwell. 2019. A New Hypothesis of the Phylogenetic Relationships of the Tylosaurinae (Squamata: Mosasauroidea). Front. Earth Sci. 7. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00047">https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00047</a> </p> <p>Jiménez-Huidobro, P., M.W. Caldwell, I. Paparella, T.S. Bullard. 2018. A new species of tylosaurine mosasaur from the upper Campanian Bearpaw Formation of Saskatchewan, Canada. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology.</p> <p>Klembara, J. 2008. A New Anguimorph Lizard from the Lower Miocene of North-West Bohemia (Czech Republic). Palaeontology 51(1):81-94.</p> <p>Klembara, J. 2012. A new species of Pseudopus (Squamata, Anguidae) from the early Miocene of Northwest Bohemia (Czech Republic). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(4):854-866.</p> <p>Klembara, J. 2015. New finds of anguines (Squamata, Anguidae) from the Early Miocene of Northwest Bohemia (Czech Republic). Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 89:171-195.</p> <p>Klembara, J., B. Green. 2010. Anguimorph lizards (Squamata, Anguimorpha) from the middle and late Eocene of the Hampshire Basin of southern England. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8(1):97-129.</p> <p>Klembara, J., M. Rummel. 2018. New material of Ophisaurus, Anguis and Pseudopus (Squamata, Anguidae, Anguinae) from the Miocene of the Czech Republic and Germany and systematic revision and palaeobiogeography of the Cenozoic Anguinae. Geological Magazine 155(1):20-44.</p> <p>Klembara, J., M. Böhme, M. Rummel. 2010. Revision of the anguine lizard Pseudopus laurillardi (Squamata, Anguidae) from the Miocene of Europe, with comments on paleoecology. Journal of Paleontology 84(2):159-196.</p> <p>Komishi, T., M.W. Caldwell. 2009. New material of the mosasaur Plioplatecarpus nichollsae Cuthbertson et al, 2007, clarifies problematic features of the holotype specimen. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(2):417-436.</p> <p>Konishi, T., M.W. Caldwell. 2011. Two new plioplatecarpine (Squamata, Mosasauridae) genera from the Upper Cretaceous of North America, and a global phylogenetic analysis of plioplatecarpines. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(4):754-783.</p> <p>Konishi, T., M.W. Caldwell, G.L. Bell. 2010. Redescription of the holotype of Platecarpus tympaniticus Cope, 1869 (Mosasauridae: Plioplatecarpinae), and its implications for the alpha taxonomy of the genus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30:1410–1421.</p> <p>Konishi, T., M.W. Caldwell, T. Nishimura, K. Sakurai, K. Tanoue. 2016. A new halisaurine mosasaur (Squamata: Halisaurinae) from Japan: the first record in the western Pacific realm and the first documented insights into binocular vision in mosasaurs. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 14(10):809-839.</p> <p>Krause, D.W., S.E. Evans, K.-Q. Gao. 2003. First definitive record of Mesozoic lizards from Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23(4):842-856.</p> <p>Lazell, J.D., Jr. 1965. An Anolis (Sauria, Iguanidae) in amber. Journal of Paleontology 39(3):379-382.</p> <p>LeBlanc, A.R.H., M.W. Caldwell, N. Bardet. 2012. A new mosasaurine from the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) phosphates of Morocco and its implications for mosasaurine systematics. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(1):82-104.</p> <p>Lee, M.S.Y., J.D. Scanlon. 2002. The Cretaceous marine squamate Mesoleptos and the origin of snakes. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum: Zoology 68(2):131-142.</p> <p>Li, J. 1991. Fossil reptiles from Hetaoyuan Formation, Xichuan, Henan. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 29(3):190-203.</p> <p>Li, J. 1991. Fossil reptiles from Zhaili member, Hedi Formation, Yuanqu, Shanxi. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 29(4):276-285.</p> <p>Li, P.-P., K.-Q. Gao, L.-H. Hou, X. Xu. 2007. A gliding lizard from the Early Cretaceous of China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(13):5507-5509.</p> <p>Lindgren, J. 2005. The first record of Hainosaurus (Reptilia: Mosasauridae) from Sweden. Journal of Paleontology 79(6):1157-1165.</p> <p>Lindgren, J. 2009. Cranial osteology of the giant mosasaur Plesiotylosaurus (Squamata, Mosasauridae). Journal of Paleontology 83(3):448-456.</p> <p>Lindgren, J., M. Siverson. 2002. Tylosaurus ivoensis: a giant mosasaur from the early Campanian of Sweden. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 93:73-93.</p> <p>Lindgren, J., M. Siverson. 2005. Halisaurus sternbergi, a small mosasaur with an intercontinental distribution. Journal of Paleontology 79(4):763-773.</p> <p>Lingham-Soliar, T. 1991. Mosasaurs from the Upper Cretacous of Niger. Palaeontology 34(3):653-670.</p> <p>Lingham-Soliar, T. 1998. A new mosasaur Pluridens walkeri from the Upper Cretaceous, Maastrichtian of the Iullemmeden Basin, southwest Niger. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(4):709-707.</p> <p>Longrich, N.R. 2016. A new species of Pluridens (Mosasauridae: Halisaurinae) from the upper Campanian of Southern Nigeria. Cretaceous Research 64:36-44.</p> <p>Longrich, N.R., B.-A.S. Bhullar, J.A. Gauthier. 2012. Mass extinction of lizards and snakes at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(52):21396-21401. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1211526110">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1211526110</a></p> <p>Longrich, N.R., B.-A.S. Bhullar, J.A. Gauthier. 2013. Correction for Longrich et al, Mass extinction of lizards and snakes at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110(16):6608-6608.</p> <p>Longrich, N.R., J. Vinther, R.A. Pyron, D. Pisani, J.A. Gauthier. 2015. Biogeography of worm lizards (Amphisbaenia) driven by end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B 282:20143034.</p> <p>Lu, J.-C., S.-A. Ji, Z.-M. Dong. 2008. An Upper Cretaceous lizard with a lower temporal arcade. Naturwissenschaften 95(7):663-669.</p> <p>Macdonald, J.R. 1970. Review of the Miocene Wounded Knee faunas of southwestern South Dakota. Bulletin of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Science 8:165-82.</p> <p>Makádi, L. 2013. A new polyglyphanodontine lizard (Squamata: Borioteiioidea) from the Late Cretacoues Iharkut locality (Santonian, Hungary). Cretaceous Research 46:166-176. </p> <p>Makádi, L. 2013. The first known chamopsiid lizard (Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous of Europe (Csehbanya Formation; Hungary, Bakony Mts). Annales de Paleontologie 99:261-274. </p> <p>Makádi, L., R.L. Nydam. 2015. A new durophagous scincomorphan lizard genus from the Late Cretaceous Iharkut locality (Hungary, Bakony Mts). Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 89(4):925-941. </p> <p>Makádi, L., M.W. Caldwell, A. Osi. 2012. The first freshwater mosasauroid (Upper Cretaceous, Hungary) and a new clade of basal mosasauroids. PLoS ONE 7(12):e51781.</p> <p>Martill, D.M., H. Tischlinger, N.R. Longrich. 2015. A four-legged snake from the Early Cretaceous of Gondwana. Science 349:416-419.</p> <p>Martin, J.E. 2007. A new species of the durophagous mosasaur Globidens (Squamata: Mosasauridae) from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale Group of central South Dakota, USA. Geological Society of America Special Paper 427:177-198.</p> <p>Martin, J.E., M.N. Hutchinson, R. Meredith, J.A. Case, N.S. Pledge. 2004. The oldest genus of scincid lizard (Squamata) from the Tertiary Etadunna Formation of South Australia. Journal of Herpetology 38(2):180-187.</p> <p>McCord, R.D. 1998. A new genus and species of Cretaceous polyglyphanodontine lizard (Squamata, Teiidae) from the Kaiparowits Plateau, Utah. In Y. Tomida, L.J. Flynn, & L.L. Jacobs (eds.), Advances in Vertebrate Paleontology and Geochronology. National Science Museum Monographs 14:281-292.</p> <p>Meszoely, C. 1970. North American fossil anguid lizards. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 139(2):87-149.</p> <p>Mo, J.-Y., X. Xu, S.E. Evans. 2012. A large predatory lizard (Platynota, Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous of South China. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10(2):333-339.</p> <p>Müller, J., 2001. Osteology and relationships of Eolacerta robusta, a lizard from the Middle Eocene of Germany (Reptilia, Squamata). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21(2):261-278.</p> <p>Müller, J., C.A. Hipsley, J.J. Head, N. Kardjilov, A. Hilger, M. Wuttke, R.R. Reisz. 2011. Eocene lizard from Germany reveals amphisbaenian origins. Nature 473:364-367.</p> <p>Myers, T., K. Crosby, M. Archer, M. Tyler. 2001. The Encore Local Fauna, a late Miocene assemblage from Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoirs of the Association of Australian Paleontologists 25:147-154.</p> <p>Nava, W.R., A.G. Martinelli. 2011. A new squamate lizard from the Upper Cretaceous Adamantina Formation (Bauru Group), São Paulo State, Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 83(1):291-299.</p> <p>Nessov, L.A., V.I. Zhegallo, A.O. Averianov. 1998. A new locality of Late Cretaceous snakes, mammals and other vertebrates in Africa (western Libya). Annales de Paléontologie 84(3-4):265-275.</p> <p>Nicholls, E.L., D. Meckert. 2002. Marine reptiles from the Nanaimo Group (Upper Cretaceous) of Vancouver Island. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 39(11):1591-1603.</p> <p>Norell, M.A. 1989. Late Cenozoic Lizards of the Anza Borrego Desert, California. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Contributions in Science 414:1-31.</p> <p>Norell, M.A., K. de Queiroz. 1991. The earliest iguanine lizard (Reptilia: Squamata) and its bearing on iguanine phylogeny. American Museum Novitates 2997:1-16.</p> <p>Norell, M.A., K.-Q. Gao, J. Conrad. 2007. A New Platynotan Lizard (Diapsida: Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous Gobi Desert (Ömnögov), Mongolia. American Museum Novitates (3605):1-22.</p> <p>Norell, M.A., M.C. McKenna, M.J. Novacek. 1992. Estesia mongoliensis, a new fossil Varanoid from the Late Cretaceous Barun Goyot Formation of Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3045:1-24.</p> <p>Novas, F.E., M. Fernández, Z.B. d. Gasparini, J.M. Lirio, H.J. Nuñez, P. Puerta. 2002. Lakumasaurus antarcticus, n. gen. et sp., a new mosasaur (Reptilia, Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica. Ameghiniana 39(2):245-249.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L. 1999. Polyglyphanodontinae (Squamata: Teiidae) from the medial and Late Cretaceous: new taxa from Utah, U.S.A. and Baja California del Norte, Mexico. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1:303-317.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L. 2000. A new taxon of helodermatid-like lizard from the Albian-Cenomanian of Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20(2):285-294.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L. 2002. Lizards of the Mussentuchit Local Fauna (Albian-Cenomanian boundary) and comments on the evolution of the Cretaceous lizard fauna of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(3):645-660.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L. 2013. Lizards and snakes from the Cenomanian through Campanian of Southern Utah: filling the gap in the fossil record of Squamata from the Late Cretaceous of the Western Interior of North America. In J.O. Farlow (ed.), At the Top of the Grand Staircase: The Late Cretaceous of Southern Utah.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L. 2014. Dakotaseps gen. nov., a replacement name for the lizard genus Dakotasaurus Nydam 2013, a junior homonym of the ichnotaxon Dakotasaurus Branson and Mehl 1932. Zootaxa 3900(1):150.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., B.M. Fitzpatrick. 2009. The occurrence of Contogenys-like lizards in the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of the Western Interior of the U.S.A. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):677-701.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., G.E. Voci. 2007. Teiid-like scincomorphan lizards from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of southern Utah. Journal of Herpetology 41(2):211-219.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., R.L. Cifelli. 2002. A new teiid lizard from the Cedar Mountain Formation (Albian-Cenomanian boundary) of Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(2):276-285.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., R.L. Cifelli. 2002. Lizards from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) Antlers and Clovery formations. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(2):286-298.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., D.J. Chure, S.E. Evans. 2013. Schillerosaurus gen. nov., a replacement name for the lizard genus Schilleria Evans and Chure, 1999 a junior homonym of Schilleria Dahl, 1907. Zootaxa 3734(1):99-100.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., J.G. Eaton, J.T. Sankey. 2007. New taxa of transversely-toothed lizards (Squamata: Scincomorpha) and new information on the evolutionary history of "teiids". Journal of Paleontology 81(3):538-549.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., M.W. Caldwell, F. Fanti. 2010. Borioteiioidean lizard skulls from Kleskun Hil (Wapiti Formation; upper Campanian), west-central Alberta, Canada. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(4):1090-1099.</p> <p>Nydam, R.L., T.B. Rowe, R.L. Cifelli. 2013. Lizards and snakes of the Terlingua local fauna (Late Campanian), Aguja Formation, Texas, with comments on the distribution of paracontemporaneous squamates throughout the Western Interior of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33(5):1081-1099.</p> <p>O__Connor, J., X. Zheng, L. Dong, X. Wang, Y. Wang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhou. 2019. Microraptor with ingested lizard suggests non-specialized digestive function. Current Biology 29:1-7.</p> <p>Otero, R.A., S. Soto-Acuna, D. Rubilar-Rogers, C.S. Gutstein. 2017. Kaikaifilu hervei gen. et sp. nov., a new large mosasaur (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from the upper Maastrichtian of Antarctica. Cretaceous Research 70:209-225.</p> <p>Palci, A., M.W. Caldwell. 2007. Vestigial forelimbs and axial elongation in a 95 million-year-old non-snake squamate. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(1):1-7.</p> <p>Palci, A., M.W. Caldwell. 2010. Redescription of Acteosaurus tommasinii von Meyer, 1860, and a discussion of evolutionary trends within the clade Ophidiomorpha. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(1):94-108.</p> <p>Palci, A., M.W. Caldwell, C.A. Papazzoni. 2013. A new genus and subfamily of mosasaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of northern Italy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33(3):599-612. Paleobiology Database, PBDB, accessed at <a href="https://paleobiodb.org">https://paleobiodb.org </a></p> <p>Paparella, I., A. Palci, U. Nicosia, M.W. Caldwell. 2018. A new fossil marine lizard with soft tissues from the Late Cretaceous of southern Italy. Royal Society Open Science 5:172411:1-27.</p> <p>Páramo-Fonseca, M.E. 2000. Yaguarasaurus columbianus (Reptilia, Mosasauridae), a primitive mosasaur from the Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) of Colombia. Historical Biology 14:121-131.</p> <p>Páramo-Fonseca, M.E. 2013. Eonatator coellensis nov. sp. (Squamata: Mosasauridae), a new species from the Upper Cretaceous of Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias 37(145):499-518.</p> <p>Park, J.-Y., S.E. Evans, M. Huh. 2015. The first lizard fossil (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Mesozoic of South Korea. Cretaceous Research 55:292-302.</p> <p>Pierce, S.E., M.W. Caldwell. 2004. Redescription and phylogenetic position of the Adriatic (Upper Cretaceous; Cenomanian) dolichosaur Pontosaurus lesinensis (Kornhuber, 1873). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(2):373-386.</p> <p>Polcyn, M.J., G.L. Bell. 2005. Russellosaurus coheni n. gen., n. sp., a 92 million-year-old mosasaur from Texas (USA), and the definition of the parafamily Russellosaurina. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences — Geologie en Mijnbouw 84(3):321-333.</p> <p>Polcyn, M.J., M.J. Everhart. 2008. Description and phylogenetic analysis of a new species of Selmasaurus (Mosasauridae: Plioplatecarpinae) from the Niobrara Chalk of Western Kansas. Proceedings of the second Mosasaur Meeting.</p> <p>Polcyn, M.J., E. Tchernov, LL Jacobs. 1999. The Cretaceous biogeography of the Eastern Mediterranean with a description of a new basal mosasauroid from __Ein Yabrud, Israel. in Y. Tomida, T.H. Rich and P. Vickers-Rich, eds., Proceedings of the Second Gondwanan Dinosaur Symposium. National Science Museum Monographs, Tokyo, Japan. (15):259-290.</p> <p>Prasad, G.V.R., S. Bajpai. 2008. Agamid lizards from the Early Eocene of western India: oldest Cenozoic lizards from South Asia. Palaeontologia Electronica 11(1).</p> <p>Pyron, R.A. 2017. Novel Approaches for Phylogenetic Inference from Morphological Data and Total-Evidence Dating in Squamate Reptiles (Lizards, Snakes, and Amphisbaenians). Syst Biol 66:38–56. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syw068">https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syw068 </a></p> <p>Pyron, R.A., F.T. Burbrink, J.J. Wiens. 2013. A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13:93. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-93">https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-93 </a></p> <p>Quadros, A.B., P. Chafrat, H. Zaher. 2018. A New Teiid Lizard of the Genus Callopistes Gravenhorst, 1838 (Squamata, Teiidae), from the Lower Miocene of Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 38(4):1-19.</p> <p>Rage, J.-C., D. Néraudeau. 2004. A new pachyostotic squamate from the Cenomanian of France. Palaeontology 47(5):1195-1210.</p> <p>Rage, J.-C., R. Vullo, D. Néraudeau. 2016. The mid-Cretaceous snake Simoliophis rochebrunei Sauvage, 1880 (Squamata: Ophidia) from its type area (Charentes, southwestern France): Redescription, distribution, and palaeoecology. Cretaceous Research 58:234-253.</p> <p>Rana, R.S., M.L. Augé, A. Folie, K.D. Rose, K. Kumar, L. Singh, A. Sahni, T. Smith. 2013. High diversity of acrodontan lizards in the early Eocene Vastan lignite mine of India. Geologica Belgica 16(4):290-301.</p> <p>Reeder, T.W., T.M. Townsend, D.G. Mulcahy, Noonan, B.P., P.L. Wood, Jr., J.W. Sites, Jr., J.J. Wiens. 2015. Integrated Analyses Resolve Conflicts over Squamate Reptile Phylogeny and Reveal Unexpected Placements for Fossil Taxa. PLOS ONE 10, e0118199. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118199">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118199 </a></p> <p>Renesto, S., R. Posenato. 2003. A new lepidosauromorph reptile from the Middle Triassic of the Dolomites (Northern Italy). Italian Journal of Paleontology and Stratigraphy 109:463-474.</p> <p>Reynoso, V.-H. 1998. Huehuecuetzpali mixtecus gen. et sp. nov: a basal squamate (Reptilia) from the Early Cretaceous of Tepexi de Rodríguez, Central México. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, Biological Sciences 353:477-500.</p> <p>Reynoso, V.-H., G. Callison. 2000. A new scincomorph lizard from the Early Cretaceous of Puebla, México. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 130:183-212.</p> <p>Reynoso, V.-H. 2006. Research on fossil amphibians and reptiles in Mexico, from 1869 to early 2004 (including marine forms but excluding pterosaurs, dinosaurs, and obviously, birds). In F.J. Vega, T.G. Nyborg, M. Del Carmen Perrilliat, M. Montellano-Ballesteros, S.R.S. Cevallos-Ferriz, S.A. Quiroz-Barroso (eds.), Studies on Mexican Paleontology 24:209-231.</p> <p>Richter, A. 1994. Der problematische Lacertilier Ilerdaesaurus (Reptilia, Squamata) aus der Unter-Kreide von Una und Galve (Spanien). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen Reihe E 13:135-161.</p> <p>Richter, A. 1994. Lacertilia aus der Unteren Kreide von Una und Galve (Spanien) und Anoual (Marokko). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen Reihe E 14:1-147.</p> <p>Rieppel, O., L. Grande. 2007. The anatomy of the fossil varanid lizard Saniwa ensidens Leidy, 1870, based on a newly discovered complete skeleton. Journal of Paleontology 81(4):643-665.</p> <p>Russell, D.A. 1967. Systematics and morphology of American mosasaurs (Reptilia, Sauria). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 23:1-252.</p> <p>Russell, D.A. 1970. The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabamam: Part VII The Mosasaurs. Fieldiana: Geology Memoirs 3(7):365-380.</p> <p>Russell, D.A. 1975. A new species of Globidens from South Dakota, and a review of the globidentine mosasaurs.</p> <p>Fieldiana Geology 33(13):235-256. Russell, D.A., 2020. Systematics and Morphology of American Mosasaurs. Yale University Press.</p> <p>Sahni, A., V.C. Srivastava. 1976. Eocene rodents and associated reptiles from the Subathu Formation of northwestern India. Journal of Paleontology 50(5):922-928.</p> <p>Schatzinger, R.A. 1980. New species of Palaeoxantusia (Reptilia, Sauria) from the Uintan (Eocene) of San Diego Co, California. Journal of Paleontology 54(2):460-471.</p> <p>Schulp, A.S., M.J. Polcyn, O. Mateus, L.L. Jacobs, M.L. Morais. 2008. A new species of Prognathodon (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from the Maastrichtian of Angola, and the affinities of the mosasaur genus Liodon. Proceedings of the Second Mosasaur Meeting.</p> <p>Schulp, A.S., N. Bardet, B. Bouya. 2009. A new species of the durophagous mosasaur Carinodens (Squamata, Mosasauridae) and additional material of Carinodens belgicus from the Maastrichtian phosphates of Morocco. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 88(3):161-167.</p> <p>Simões, T.R., M.W. Caldwell, A.W.A. Kellner. 2015. A new Early Cretaceous lizard species from Brazil, and the phylogenetic position of the oldest known South American squamates. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13(7):601-614.</p> <p>Simões, T.R., M.W. Caldwell, M. Tałanda, M. Bernardi, A. Palci, O. Vernygora, F. Bernardini, L. Mancini, R.L. Nydam. 2018. The origin of squamates revealed by a Middle Triassic lizard from the Italian Alps. Nature 557:706–709. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0093-3">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0093-3 </a></p> <p>Simões, T.R., O. Vernygora, I. Paparella, P. Jimenez-Huidobro, M.W. Caldwell. 2017. Mosasauroid phylogeny under multiple phylogenetic methods provides new insights on the evolution of aquatic adaptations in the group. PLoS One 12. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176773">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176773 </a></p> <p>Simões, T.R., E. Wilner, M.W. Caldwell, L.C. Weinschütz, A.W.A. Kellner. 2015. A stem acrodontan lizard in the Cretaceous of Brazil revises early lizard evolution in Gondwana. Nature Communications 6:8149:1-8.</p> <p>Smith, K.T. 2006. A diverse new assemblage of late Eocene squamates (Reptilia) from the Chadron Formation of North Dakota, U.S.A. Palaeontologia Electronica 9(2):1-44.</p> <p>Smith, K.T. 2009. A new lizard assemblage from the earliest Eocene (zone Wa0) of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: biogeography during the warmest interval of the Cenozoic. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 7(3):299-358.</p> <p>Smith, K.T. 2009. Eocene lizards of the clade Geiseltaliellus from Messel and Geiseltal, Germany, and the early radiation of Iguanidae (Reptilia: Squamata). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 50(2):219-306.</p> <p>Smith, K.T. 2011. Oreithyia, a replacement name for Orithyis Smith, 2011, nec Orithyia Fabricus, 1798. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 52(2):273.</p> <p>Smith, K.T. 2011. The Evolution of Mid-latitude Faunas during the Eocene: Late Eocene Lizards of the Medicine Pole Hills Reconsidered. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 52(1):3-105.</p> <p>Smith, K.T. 2011. The long-term history of dispersal among lizards in the early Eocene: new evidence from a microvertebrate assemblage in the Bighorn Basin of Wyoming, USA. Palaeontology 54(6):1243-1270.</p> <p>Smith, K.T., J.A. Gauthier. 2013. Early Eocene lizards of the Wasatch Formation near Bitter Creek, Wyoming: diversity and paleoenvironment during an interval of global warming. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 54(2):135-230.</p> <p>Smith, K.T., M.-C. Buchy. 2008. A new aigialosaur (Squamata: Anguimorpha) with soft tissue remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Nuevo León, Mexico. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(1):85-94.</p> <p>Stocker, M.R., E.C. Kirk. 2016. The first amphisbaenians from Texas, with notes on other squamates from the middle Eocene Purple Bench locality. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (e1094081):1-15.</p> <p>Streicher, J.W., J.J. Wiens. 2017. Phylogenomic analyses of more than 4000 nuclear loci resolve the origin of snakes among lizard families. Biol. Lett. 13:20170393. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0393">https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0393 </a></p> <p>Stritzke, R. 1983. Saniwa feisti n. sp., ein Varanide (Lacertilia, Reptilia) aus dem Mittel-Eozän von Messel bei Darmstadt. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 64(5/6):497-508.</p> <p>Sulimski, A. 1972. Adamisaurus magnidentatus n. gen., n. sp. (Sauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 27:33-40.</p> <p>Sulimski, A. 1975. Macrocephalosauridae and Polyglyphanodontidae (Sauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 33:25-102.</p> <p>Sulimski, A. 1984. A new Cretaceous scincomorph lizard from Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 46:143-155.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M. 1979. Revision of the Paleogene genus Glyptosaurus (Reptilia, Anguidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 163(1):1-72.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M. 1982. Fossil lizards from Swain Quarry "Fort Union Formation," middle Paleocene (Torrejonian), Carbon County, Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 56(4):996-1010.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M. 1985. A new middle Paleocene (Torrejonian) rhineurid amphisbaenian, Plesiorhineura tsentasi new genus, new species, from the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 59(6):1481-1485.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M. 1986. A new fossil anguid lizard Parodaxosaurus sanjuanensis, new genus, new species from the middle Paleocene (Torrejonian) Nacimiento Formation, San Juan Basin, New Mexico. Journal of Herpetology 20(1):109-111.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M. 1987. Parophisaurus pawneensis (Gilmore, 1928) new genus of anguid lizard from the middle Oligocene of North America. Journal of Herpetology 21(2):115-133.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M., M.L. Augé. 2006. Redescription of the holotype of Placosaurus rugosus gervais 1848–1852 (Squamata, Anguidae, Glyptosaurinae) from the Eocene of France and a revision of the genus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(1):127-132.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M., R. Estes. 1997. A reassessment of the fossil Tupinambinae. In R.F. Kay, R.H. Madden, R. l. Cifelli, J.J. Flynn (eds.), Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics; the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Columbia.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M., S.G. Lucas. 1996. Palaeoscincosaurus middletoni, new genus and species (Squamata: ?Scincidae) from the early Paleocene (Puercan) Denver Formation, Colorado. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(4):666-672.</p> <p>Thorn, K.M., M.N. Hutchinson, M. Archer, M.S.Y. Lee. 2019. A new scincid lizard from the Miocene of northern Australia, and the evolutionary history of social skinks (Scincidae: Egerniinae). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.</p> <p>Thurmond, J.T. 1969. New name for the mosasaur Compressidens Dollo, 1924. Journal of Paleontology 43(5):1298. Uetz, P., P. Freed, J. Hošek, eds. 2019. The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed August 2019. </p> <p>Venczel, M. 2006. Lizards from the Late Miocene of Polgárdi (W-Hungary). Nymphaea, Folia naturae Bihariae 33:25-38.</p> <p>Venczel, M., V.A. Codrea. 2016. A new teiid lizard from the Late Cretaceous of the Hateg Basin, Romania and its phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical relationships. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 14(3):219-237.</p> <p>Vianey-Liaud, M., B. Comte, B. Marandat, S. Peigné, J.-C. Rage, J. Sudre. 2014. A new early late Oligocene (MP 26) continental vertebrate fauna from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Alès Basin, Gard, Southern France). Geodiversitas 36(4):565-622.</p> <p>Vullo, R., J.-C. Rage. 2018. The first Gondwanan borioteiioid lizard and the mid-Cretaceous dispersal event between North America and Africa. The Science of Nature 105:61:1-8.</p> <p>Wright, K.R. 1989. On the taxonomic status of Moanasaurus mangahouangae Wiffen (Squamata: Mosasauridae). Journal of Paleontology 63(1):126-127.</p> <p>Wright, K.R., S.W. Shannon. 1988. Selmasaurus russelli, a new plioplatecarpine mosasaur (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from Alabama. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 8(1):102-107.</p> <p>Wu, X.-C., D.B. Brinkman, A.P. Russell, Z.-M. Dong, P.J. Currie, L.-H. Hou, G.-H. Cul. 1993. Oldest known amphisbaenian from the upper Cretaceous of Chinese Inner Mongolia. Nature 366:57-59.</p> <p>Xu, L., X. Wu, J. Lu, S. Jia, J. Zhang, H. Pu, X. Zhang. 2014. A new lizard (Lepidosauria: Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous of Henan, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 88:1041-1050</p> <p>Zheng, Y., J.J. Wiens. 2016. Combining phylogenomic and supermatrix approaches, and a time-calibrated phylogeny for squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) based on 52 genes and 4162 species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 94:537–547. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.009">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.009</a></p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Vespoidea Patch (VSP)
<p>Taxonomic hierarchies & species lists for Armaniidae, Bradynobaenidae, Chyphotidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Sierolomorphidae, Thynnidae, and Tiphiidae to complement Catalogue of Life coverage. Compiled from multiple sources:</p> <p>Baptiste, L. A., & Kimsey, L. S. (2000). New Caledonian Tiphiidae: revision of the genus Eirone (Hymenoptera: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 9(2):395-415.</p> <p>Bartholomay PR, Williams KA, Luz DR, Morato EF. 2015. Frigitilla gen. nov., a new genus of Amazonian Mutillidae (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3957(1):49-58. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3957.1.3. PMID: 26249052.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 1997. Contribution to the knowledge of the Myzininae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" 91:615–639.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2004. Tribe-groups of the Myzininae with special regard to the palaearctic taxa of the tribe Meriini (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 36:1205–1308.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2005. Anthoboscinae and Myzininae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae) from Madagascar. Linzer Biologische Beiträge 37:1077–1097.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2005. Third contribution to the knowledge of the Old World Myzininae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" [2004-2005] 96:363-428.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2007. The Afrotropical genera of the subtribe Meriina (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 39:1257- 1305.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2011. Myzininae of the Old World. The subtribe Braunsomeriina (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 43:363-380.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2013. Afrotropical taxa of the genus Mesa Saussure 1892 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 45:1657-1744.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2016. Meriini from Western Palaearctic and northern Afrotropical Regions (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Myzininae): new taxa and records. Onychium 12:47-81.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1971. The genera of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic on tsetse flies (Glossina, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 34:101-102.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1974. The first recent species of Protomutilla (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae: Myrmosinae). Psyche 81:268-271.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1975. Phylogeny and classification of the aculeate Hymenoptera, with special reference to Mutillidae. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 50: 483-648.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1983. Identity and classification of Physetopoda, Chaetotilla and Paramyrme. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 563:441–445.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1983. Identity of four species of Mutillidae described mistakenly as from Australia. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 46:325-330.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1999. Phylogeny and evolution of wasps, ants and bees (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea). Zoologica Scripta 28:233-249.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 2018. Aglaotilla, a new genus of Australian Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) with metallic coloration. Zootaxa 4415(2):357-368. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4415.2.6.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J., Carpenter, J.M. 1993. Phylogeny of Aculeata: Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2:227-304.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. & Finnamore A.T. 1993. Superfamily Vespoidea pp. 161-278.. In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. eds.. Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.</p> <p>Brothers DJ, Lelej AS 2017. Phylogeny and higher classification of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) based on morphological reanalyses. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 60:1-97. DOI:10.3897/jhr.60.20091</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1983. Pentazeleboria. A New Genus of Australian Thynnini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 22:61–64.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1987. Revision of the Australian Genus Acanthothynnus Turner (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 26:181–188.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1989. Revision of the Australian Genus Doratithynnus Tuner (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 28:1–17.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1992. Bifidothynnus wubiniensis, a New Genus and Species of Australian Thynnini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Australian Journal of Entomology 31:215–217.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1995. New synonyms and combinations in the genus ‘Zeleboria’ Saussure (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). General and Applied Entomology: The Journal of the Entomological Society of New South Wales 26:9.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1995. Revision of the Australian wasp genus Macrothynnus Turner (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 17:267–275.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1995. Tachyphron, a New Genus of Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 34:241–246.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1996. Arthrothynnus, a New Genus of Orchid-pollinating Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 13:73.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1996. Chilothynnus, a New Genus of Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) Associated with Orchids. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 13:61.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1998. Revision of the Neozeleboria cryptoides species group of thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae): Pollinators of native orchids. Australian Journal of Entomology 37:193–205.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2000. Caetrathynnus, Nitidothynnus and Procerothynnus, New Genera of Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) from Northern Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 16:107.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2001. Status of the Ariphron generic group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae): A critical review. Australian Journal of Entomology 40(1):23-40.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2005. A revision of Tachyphron Brown and description of two new genera within the Ariphron group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Natural History 39: 197–239.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2008. Umbothynnus, a newly recognised genus for the Rhagigaster alexius Guérin group of species (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini) from northern Australia. Zootaxa 1933:43–58.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2009. Description of Two New Pseudaposematic Species with a Review of Defensive Adaptations in the Subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 25:69.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2010. ‘Curvothynnus’ gen. nov. erected for two unusual species of thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 26:89.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2011. ‘Dimorphothynnus’ (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae: Rhagigasterini) newly recorded from the Northern Territory, Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 27:107.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2015. Rugosothynnus gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini), a newly recognised Australian genus. Zootaxa 3925:361–386.</p> <p>Carnimeo, Fernando Henrique, Noll, Fernando Barbosa 2018. On the dumping ground genus Scotaena Klug, 1810 (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae): Phylogeny, taxonomy and geographic distribution. Zootaxa 4399(4): 451-490, DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.1</p> <p>Durán-Moya, L. 1941. Die Thynniden von Chile. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 1941:71–176.</p> <p>Elçin, G., Bariaçik, N. and M. Boni Bartalucci. 2013. New Myzinin wasps from Turkey (Hymenoptera Tiphiidae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 45(2):2155-2163.</p> <p>Genise, J. & Kimsey, L.S. 1991. New genera of South American Thynninae (Tiphiidae, Hymenoptera). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 98:57–69. DOI:10.1155/1991/37156</p> <p>Genise, J. & Kimsey, L.S. 1993. Revision of the South American Thynninae genus Elaphroptera Guérin-Méneville (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2:195–220.</p> <p>Gess, S.K. & Gess, F.W. 2014. Wasps and bees in southern Africa. SANBI Biodiversity Series 24. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. 320 pp.</p> <p>Given, B.B. 1953. Evolutionary Trends in the Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) With Special Reference To Feeding Habits Of Australian Species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 105:1–10.</p> <p>Justino, C.E.L. 2013. Análise Filogenética de Scotaenini (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Masters Dissertation, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 55 pp.</p> <p>Justino, C.E.L., dos Santos, E.F. & Noll, F.B. 2013. Geographic note on species of the genus Upa Kimsey, 1991 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae) in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Check List 9(5):1057–1061. DOI:10.15560/9.5.1057</p> <p>Justino, C.E.L, dos Santos, E.F. & Noll, F.B. 2016. Diversity of Tiphiidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) in the fragmented Brazilian semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest. Journal of Insect Conservation, 20(3):417–431. DOI:10.1007/s10841-016-9875-9</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Additional new genera and species of south american thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 98:71–80. DOI:10.1155/1991/83532</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Relationships among the tiphiid wasp subfamilies (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 16: 427-438.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Revision of the South American wasp genus Aelurus (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Systematic Entomology 16:223–237. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00685.x</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1992. Phylogenetic relations among the South American Thynninae Tiphiidae wasps. Systematic Entomology 17:133–144. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1992.tb00326.x</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of the thynnine wasp tribe Rhagigasterini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 5:80–99.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1996. Revision of the South American thynnine genus Upa (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98:55–63.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2000. Revision of the Australian Tiphiid Genus Leiothynnus (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 9:18–28.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2001. The New Western Australian Tiphiid Genus Dythynnus Kimsey (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 10:76–80.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2002. New genus and five new species of heat-tolerant tiphiid wasps from Western Australia (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Australian Journal of Entomology 41:345–353.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2003. A Peculiar New Genus of Locally Abundant Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 12:102–124.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2004. Taxonomic changes and new generic synonymies in the tiphiid wasp subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106:508–512.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2004. Illustrated keys to the genera of the male wasps in the subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106:571–585.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2005. Revision of the Northern South American tiphiid genus Merithynnus Kimsey, 1991 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 107:576–595.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2006. 14.2: Familia Tiphiidae. In: Hanson, P.Y. & Gauld, I.D. (Eds.), Hymenoptera de la Región Neotropical. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, pp. 575–583.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2011. Tiphiidae wasps of Madagascar (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 22:45–68. DOI:10.3897/JHR.22.1142</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. & Brothers, D.J. 2006. Capítulo 56: Familia Tiphiidae. In: Fernández, F.C. & Sharkey, M.J. (Eds.), Introducción a los Hymenoptera de La Región Neotropical. Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología, Colômiba, pp. 583–594.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. & Brown, G.R. 1993. Lectotype designations within the subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 32:317–326. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1993.tb00594.x</p> <p>Krombein, K.V. 1937. Studies in the Tiphiidae, I: a review of the genera of Myzininae. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 30:27–30.</p> <p>Krombein K.V. 1938. Studies in the Tiphiidae II. A revision of the Nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 64:227-292.</p> <p>Krombein, K.V. 1949. Studies in the Tiphiidae. VII. The Madagascan species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 51:45–73.</p> <p>Krombein K.V. 1968. Studies in the Tiphiidae. X. Hylomesa, a new genus of Myzininae wasp parasitic on larvae of longicorn beetles (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 124:1-22.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. 2002. Catalogue of the Mutillidae Hymenoptera. of the Palaearctic Region. Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 172 p.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. 2005. Catalogue of the Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of the Oriental Region. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 1–252.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. & Brothers, D.J. 2008. The genus-group names of Mutillidae Hymenoptera. and their type species, with a new genus, new name, new synonymies, new combinations and lectotypifications. Zootaxa 1889:1–79.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S., T. Osten, 2004. To the knowledge of the mutillid and bradynobaenid wasps of Iran (Hymenoptera: Mutililidae, Bradynobaenidae). Proceeding of the Russian Entomological Society, St. Petersburg 75(1):253–262.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. & van Harten, A. 2006. A review of the Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of Yemen. Zootaxa 1226:1-50.</p> <p>Pagliano, G., Romano, M., World list of all known species of Bradynobaenidae (Hymenoptera) [WWW Document]. ResearchGate. URL <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329782449_World_list_of_all_known_species_of_Bradynobaenidae_Hymenoptera" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329782449_World_list_of_all_known_species_of_Bradynobaenidae_Hymenoptera</a> (accessed 1.20.19).</p> <p>Pate, V.S.L. 1947. A Conspectus of the Tiphiidæ, with Particular Reference to the Nearctic Forms (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 55:115–145.</p> <p>Torréns, J., Fidalgo, P., Roig-Alsina, A., Brothers, D.J., 2014. Review of the genus Eotilla Schuster, 1949 (Hymenoptera: Bradynobaenidae: Typhoctinae: Eotillini) and description of new species from Argentina. Zootaxa 3878, 1. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.3878.1.1</p> <p>Torrens, J. and Roig-Alsina, A., 2009. Description of a new species of Bradynobaenus (Hymenoptera: Bradynobaenidae) from Argentina, with a key to the females of the genus. Zootaxa 2047:63-68.</p> <p>Turrisi, G.F., M. Matteini Palmerini, and D.J. Brothers. 2015. Systematic Revision and Phylogeny of the Genera Blakeius Ashmead, 1903 and Liomutilla André, 1907, with Description of Two New Genera (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae, Myrmillinae). Zootaxa 4010(1):1–78. <a href="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4010.1.1" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4010.1.1</a>.</p> <p>van Noort, S. 2020. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the Afrotropical region. URL: <a href="https://www.waspweb.org">www.waspweb.org</a></p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Coccinelloidea Patch (COC): EOL Coccinelloidea Patch
<p>Taxonomic hierarchies & species lists for Akalyptoischiidae, Alexiidae, Anamorphidae, Bothrideridae, Cerylonidae, and Endomychidae to complement Catalogue of Life coverage.</p> <p>Compiled from multiple sources:</p> <p>Andrews, F.G. 1976: Akalyptoischion, a new genus of Lathridiidae from western North America (Coleoptera). Occasional papers in entomology, California Department of Agriculture (22)</p> <p>Hartley, C.S.; Andrews, F.G.; McHugh, J.V. 2008: A taxonomic revision of the genus Akalyptoischion Andrews (Coleoptera: Latridiidae). Coleopterists Society monograph, (6) doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X(2008)61[1:ATROTG]2.0.CO;2">10.1649/0010-065X(2008)61[1:ATROTG]2.0.CO;2 </a></p> <p>Robertson, J.A., Slipinski, A., Moulton, M., Shockley, F.W., Giorgi, A., Lord, N.P., Mckenna, D.D., Tomaszewska, W., Forrester, J., Miller, K.B. and Whiting, M.F., 2015. Phylogeny and classification of Cucujoidea and the recognition of a new superfamily Coccinelloidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). Systematic Entomology, 40(4), pp.745-778.</p> <p>Shockley F., Tomaszewska, K. and McHugh, J., 1999. An annotated checklist of the handsome fungus beetles of the world (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Endomychidae). Zootaxa, 113, p.30. Tomaszewska, W. (2011) On African Eupsilobiinae (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) with descriptions of new genus and species. Journal of Insect Science, 11, 1–14.</p> <p> </p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Erebidae Patch (ERE)
<p>Updated Erebidae classification covering subfamilies, tribes, subtribes, and genera. Compiled from multiple sources:</p> <p>Da Costa, MA, Weller, SJ (2005). Phylogeny and classification of Callimorphini (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa 1025:1–94.</p> <p>De Prins J. & De Prins W. 2011–2019. Afromoths, online database of Afrotropical moth species (Lepidoptera). World Wide Web electronic publication: <a href="http://www.afromoths.net/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">http://www.afromoths.net</a></p> <p>de Vos, R. 2011. Nicetosoma Gen. Nov., a New Genus for the ‘Spilosoma’ Niceta Group of Species East of the Weber Line (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini). Suara Serangga Papua 5 (4): 109-144.</p> <p>Dubatolov, VV (2010). Tiger-moths of Eurasia (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) (Nyctemerini by Rob de Vos & Vladimir V. Dubatolov). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten 65:1–106.</p> <p>Edwards, ED (1996). Arctiidae. In: Nielsen E.S., Edwards E.D. & Rangsi T.V. (eds) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia, Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera: 278–286.</p> <p>Ferguson DC, Opler PA (2006) Checklist of the Arctiidae (Lepidoptera: Insecta) of the continental United States and Canada. Zootaxa 1299:1–33.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael (2007). Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 1, Taxonomy of the Pollexinae. Zootaxa 1567:1-116.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael (2008). Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 2, Taxonomy of the Belluliinae, Magninae and Parachrostiinae. Zootaxa 1867:1-136.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael (2010). Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) Part 3, Taxonomy of the Tactusinae. Zootaxa 2583:1–119.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael (2011). Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae. Zootaxa 2842:1–188.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael, Hacker, Hermann (2005). Systematic List of the Noctuoidea of Europe (Notodontidae, Nolidae, Arctiidae, Lymantriidae, Erebidae, Micronoctuidae, and Noctuidae). Esperlana 11:93–205.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael, Han, Hui-Lin & Kononenko, Vladimir S. (2011). Five new species and one new subspecies of Micronoctuidae from China, with a checklist of Chinese species, including Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea, Micronoctuidae). Zootaxa. 2777: 1–13.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael, Kononenko, Vladimir S. (2008). Revision of the Micronoctuidae species occurring in the Russian Far East and neighbouring countries with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea). Zootaxa 1890:50-58.</p> <p>Fibiger, Michael, Lafontaine, J. Donald (2005). A review of the higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera) with special reference to the Holarctic fauna. Esperiana 11:7-92.</p> <p>Goodger DT, Watson A (1995) The Afrotropical Tiger-Moths. An illustrated catalogue, with generic diagnosis and species distribution, of the Afrotropical Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Apollo Books Aps.: Denmark, 55 pp.</p> <p>Han, H. L., & Kononenko, V. S. (2017). Two replacement names of the genus group of Micronoctuini and a new species of the genus Tentaxus Han & Kononenko from Sabah, East Malaysia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Hypenodinae). Taxonomic study of Micronoctuini. Contribution I. Zootaxa, 4362(2), 259. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4362.2.5</p> <p>Holloway, Jeremy D. (1988). The Moths of Borneo Part 6: Family Arctiidae, subfamilies Syntomine, Euchromiinae Arciinae; Noctuidae misplaced in Arctiidae. The Moths of Borneo. Southdene Sdn. Bhd.</p> <p>Holloway, Jeremy D. (1999). The Moths of Borneo: Family Lymantriidae. Malayan Nature Journal 53:1-188.</p> <p>Holloway, Jeremy D. (2001). The Moths of Borneo Part 7: Family Arctiidae, Subfamily Lithosiinae. The Moths of Borneo. Southdene Sdn. Bhd.</p> <p>Holloway, Jeremy D. (2005) The Moths of Borneo Parts 15 & 16: Family Noctuidae, Subfamily Catocalinae" The Moths of Borneo. Southdene Sdn. Bhd.</p> <p>Holloway, Jeremy D. (2008). The Moths of Borneo: family Noctuidae, subfamilies Rivulinae, Phytometrinae, Herminiinae, Hypeninae and Hypenodinae. Malayan Nature Journal 60:1-267.</p> <p>Homziak, Nicholas T., Breinholt, Jesse W., Kawahara, Akito Y. (2016). A historical review of the classification of Erebinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae). Zootaxa 4189(3):516–542. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4189.3.4.">10.11646/zootaxa.4189.3.4.</a></p> <p>Kaleka, AS, Rose, HS (2002). Inventory of species of Miltochrista Hübner (Lithosiinae: Arctiidae: Lepidoptera) from northwestern and northeastern India. Zoos__ Print Journal 17 (8):853-856.</p> <p>Kirti, J.S. & Singh, N. (2016) Arctiid Moths of India. Vol. 2. Nature Books India, New Delhi, 214 pp.</p> <p>Kononenko, VS, Pinratana, A (2013). Moths of Thailand Vol. 3, Part 2. Noctuoidea. An illustrated Catalogue of Erebidae, Nolidae, Euteliidae, and Noctuidae (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Thailand. Bangkok: Brothers of St. Gabriel in Thailand.</p> <p>Lafontaine, J. Donald, Fibiger, Michael (2006). Revised higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera) Canadian Entomologist 138:610-635.</p> <p>Lafontaine, Donald; Walsh, J. Bruce (2010). A review of the subfamily Anobinae with the description of a new species of Baniana Walker from North and Central America (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Anobinae). ZooKeys 39:3–11. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.39.428">10.3897/zookeys.39.428</a></p> <p>Lafontaine, Donald, Schmidt, Christian (2010). Annotated check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico. ZooKeys 40:1-239. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.40.414">10.3897/zookeys.40.414</a></p> <p>Lafontaine, J. Donald; Schmidt, B. Christian (2013). Additions and corrections to the check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico. ZooKeys. 264:227–236. doi:<a href="https://10.0.15.57/zookeys.264.4443">10.3897/zookeys.264.4443</a></p> <p>Savela, Markku. 2020. Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. World Wide Web electronic publication: <a href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/intro.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/intro.html</a></p> <p>Van Nieukerken, E.J., Kaila, L., Kitching, I.J., Kristensen, N.P., Lees, D.C., Minet, J., Mitter, C., Mutanen, M., Regier, J.C., Simonsen, T.J. and Wahlberg, N., 2011. Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.-Q.(Ed.) Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148(1):212-221.</p> <p>Volynkin, Anton V. 2016. On the generic placement and taxonomic status of some Miltochrista taxa described by Franz Daniel (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) Zootaxa 4179(2):244-252.</p> <p>Volynkin, Anton V. 2017. Description of a New Species of Miltochrista Hübner from Vietnam, with Eight New Combinations (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae). Zootaxa 4286(1):145. <a href="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4286.1.13" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4286.1.13</a>.</p> <p>Volynkin, Anton V., Singh, N., Cerný, K., Kirti, J. S., Datta, H. S. 2020. Revision of the Miltochrista obliquilinea species-group, with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini) Zootaxa 4780(3):448-470.</p> <p>Watson A (1971) An illustrated Catalog of the Neotropic Arctiinae type in the United States National Museum (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Part 1. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 50:1–361</p> <p>Zahiri, Reza; et al. (2011). Molecular phylogenetics of Erebidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea). Systematic Entomology 37:102–124. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00607.x">10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00607.x</a></p> <p>Zahiri, Reza; et al. (2011). A new molecular phylogeny offers hope for a stable family level classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera). Zoologica Scripta 40:158–173. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00459.x">10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00459.x</a></p> <p>Zahiri, Reza; et al. (2012). Molecular phylogenetics of Erebidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea). Systematic Entomology 37:102–124. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00607.x]">10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00607.x</a></p> <p>Zahiri, Reza; et. al (2013). Relationships among the basal lineages of Noctuidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea) based on eight gene regions. Zoologica Scripta 42:488–507. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12022">10.1111/zsc.12022</a></p> <p>Zaspel, JM, Branham, MA (2008). World Checklist of Tribe Calpini (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae). Insecta Mundi 0047:1-15.</p>
IRHMapNet Radargram and Mask Patches Dataset.
<p><br># README: IRHMapNet Radargram and Mask Patches Dataset</p> <p>## Dataset Overview</p> <p>This dataset contains radargram patches and corresponding mask patches used for training and evaluating the **IRHMapNet** model. The dataset is designed for segmentation of internal reflection horizons (IRHs) from radio-echo sounding data. The data is organized into two directories: radargram patches (`grams_patches`) and mask patches (`masks_patches`), with each patch having dimensions of 512x512 pixels.</p> <p>### Contents</p> <p>- **grams_patches/**: Contains 600 `.csv` files representing radargram patches. Each file is a 512x512 matrix corresponding to a small section of the radargram image.<br>- **masks_patches/**: Contains 600 `.csv` files representing the ground-truth mask patches for segmentation. Each file is a 512x512 binary mask, where `1` indicates the presence of an internal reflection horizon (IRH), and `0` represents background or ice.</p> <p>## Data Format</p> <p>- The files in both directories are named consistently, with matching pairs of radargram and mask patches.<br> - Example: `grams_patches/patch_001.csv` corresponds to `masks_patches/patch_001.csv`.<br>- Each `.csv` file is a comma-separated values (CSV) file containing 512 rows and 512 columns.</p> <p>## Directory Structure</p> <p>```<br>DATA_IRHMapNet/<br>├── grams_patches/ # Radargram patches<br>│ ├── patch_001.csv<br>│ ├── patch_002.csv<br>│ └── ... (600 patches)<br>└── masks_patches/ # Mask patches (Ground truth)<br> ├── patch_001.csv<br> ├── patch_002.csv<br> └── ... (600 patches)<br>```</p> <p>## Usage Instructions</p> <p>1. **Loading the data**: Each `.csv` file can be loaded using standard CSV reading functions in Python, such as `numpy.loadtxt()` or `pandas.read_csv()`.<br> <br> Example in Python using `numpy`:<br> ```python<br> import numpy as np<br> radargram_patch = np.loadtxt('grams_patches/patch_001.csv', delimiter=',')<br> mask_patch = np.loadtxt('masks_patches/patch_001.csv', delimiter=',')<br> ```</p> <p>2. **Model training**: These patches are designed for input into a U-Net or similar convolutional neural network architectures for pixel-wise classification tasks. The radargram patches serve as input, and the mask patches provide the ground-truth labels for training.</p> <p>## License</p> <p>This dataset is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. You are free to:</p> <p> Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.<br> Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.</p> <p>You must give appropriate credit by citing the following publication:</p> <p>**Citation**: Moqadam, H., et al. (2024). Going deeper with deep learning: Automatically tracing internal reflection horizons in ice sheets. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Machine Learning and Computation*. DOI: [insert DOI]</p> <p>## Contact</p> <p>For questions or further information, please contact Hameed Moqadam at [hameed.moqadam@awi.de].<br> Data Curator: Hameed Moqadam<br> Annotator: Hameed Moqadam<br> Data Manager: Hameed Moqadam</p>
Global Biotic Interactions: Taxon Graph Patches
<p>Global Biotic Interactions: Taxon Graph Patch 20210623-01</p> <p>2021-06-23</p> <p>Abstract / Introduction</p> <p>In https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/globalbioticinteractions/issues/672, Github user @pozsgaig (https://github.com/pozsgaig) shared some suspicious pathogen interaction in which a moth appeared to be a pathogen of another moth (e.g., Plutella xylostella pathogen of Spodoptera ornithogalli). Likely root cause is invalid name mapping.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A script "create_patch.sh" was constructed to remove name mappings involving likely virus name acronyms. The names are detected by including all names ending with capital V, except for those with explicit NCBI taxon ids. Example includes: "Plutella xylostella NPV", a name likely referring to "Plutella xylostella multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus", NCBI:txid379891, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=379891. This virus name appears to have been incorrectly mapped to "Plutella xylostella", a moth and the related host that the virus is known to infect. </p> <p>To apply the patch, run the "patch" program against the original<br> taxonMap file with the .patch files on any linux-y system.</p> <p>Patch files taxonMap.tsv.patch.gz was<br> created using: create_patch.sh in period 2021-06-23 .</p> <p>Result/Discussion</p> <p>The resulting patch removed likely suspicious virus name mappings in GloBI Taxon Graph v0.3.32 [1] .</p> <p>References</p> <p>[1] Poelen, Jorrit H. (2021). Global Biotic Interactions: Taxon Graph<br> (Version 0.3.32) [Data set]. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4753955</p>
Cardiac patch transplantation instruments for robotic minimally invasive cardiac surgery: initial proof-of-concept designs and surgery in a porcine cadaver
<p>BACKGROUND: Damaged cardiac tissues could potentially be regenerated by transplanting bioengineered cardiac patches to the heart surface. To be fully paradigm-shifting, such patches may need to be transplanted using minimally invasive robotic cardiac surgery (not only traditional open surgery). Here, we present novel robotic designs, initial prototyping and a new surgical operation for instruments to transplant patches <em>via </em>robotic minimally invasive heart surgery. METHODS: Robotic surgical instruments and automated control systems were designed, tested with simulation software and prototyped. Surgical proof-of-concept testing was performed on a pig cadaver. RESULTS: Three robotic instrument designs were developed. The first (called “Claw” for the claw-like patch holder at the tip) operates on a rack and pinion mechanism. The second design (“Shell-Beak”) uses adjustable folding plates and rods with a bevel gear mechanism. The third (“HeartStamp”) utilizes a stamp platform protruding through an adjustable ring. For the HeartStamp, rods run through a cylindrical structure designed to fit a uniportal Video-Assisted Thorascopic Surgery (VATS) surgical port. Designed to work with or without a sterile sheath, the patch is pushed out by the stamp platform as it protrudes. Two instrument robotic control systems were designed, simulated <em>in silico</em> and one of these underwent early ‘sizing and learning’ prototyping as a proof-of-concept. To reflect real surgical conditions, surgery was run “live” and reported exactly (as-it-happened). We successfully picked up, transferred and released a patch onto the heart using the HeartStamp in a pig cadaver model. CONCLUSION: These world-first designs, early prototypes and a novel surgical operation pave the way for robotic instruments for automated keyhole patch transplantation to the heart. Our novel approach is presented for others to build upon free from restrictions or cost – potentially a significant moment in myocardial regeneration surgery which may open a therapeutic avenue for patients unfit for traditional open surgery.</p>
Figure 33 in Descriptions of New Species of the Diverse and Endemic Land Snail Amplirhagada Iredale, 1933 from Rainforest Patches across the Kimberley, Western Australia (Pulmonata: Camaenidae)
Figure 33. Penial anatomy of Amplirhagada
Trees out-forage understorey shrubs for nitrogen patches in a subarctic mountain birch forest
<p>Nitrogen (N), acquired by roots and mycorrhizal fungi and supplied to plant foliage, is a growth-limiting nutrient at the subarctic treeline. Due to this limitation, interspecific competition and acquisition of N is an important control on plant community composition and distribution. The ability of trees and shrubs to access N shapes community dynamics at this ecotone undergoing species range shifts and changes in primary productivity driven by climate change. Using <sup>15</sup>N soil labelling, we investigate the fate of soil inorganic N, and spatial distances over which trees and understorey shrubs access soil N, in a treeline forest. <sup>15</sup>N was injected into soil rooting zones, and foliar samples were collected from trees between 1 and 50 m away and understorey shrubs between 0.5 and 11 m away from labelled soil. The <sup>15</sup>N label was found in mountain birch trees up to 5 m and in understorey shrubs up to 2 m away from labelled soil. We estimate that 1.27% of pulse-derived N was found in foliage of birch trees, compared to 1.16% in the understorey. However, mountain birch trees contributed only 31% of ecosystem leaf area index (LAI), thus there was a disproportionate allocation of added label to the birch canopy compared with its contribution to ecosystem LAI. The difference in root and mycorrhizal exploration distances and community N partitioning between mountain birch trees and understorey shrubs may confer competitive advantage to trees, which may alter plant community structures within these forests. This is particularly important considering predicted climate-driven tree and tall shrub expansion in subarctic regions, with likely consequences for ecosystem N and carbon (C) cycling, as well as for community composition and biodiversity.</p>
Early spring orchard pollinators spill over from resource-rich adjacent forest patches
<p>Pollinator communities are more abundant and diverse in agricultural matrices with more natural habitats, although the reasons for these correlations remain unclear. It is possible that forest fragments and edges provide resources for pollinators in the important early weeks of spring, after which time those insects can then "spill over" into crops such as apple orchards during bloom.</p> <p>To explore how forest edges may feed and therefore promote flower visitor communities in adjacent agricultural habitats, we sampled springtime pollinators in nine orchards and their adjacent forest edge canopies and understories. We identified pollen consumed by pan-trapped bees and flower flies to assess if bees ate pollen where they were caught and if their diets similarly "spill over" from forest to orchard. We further explored sex differences in habitat usage.</p> <p>Our spatially replicated sampling found that bee and flower fly abundance peaks first in the forest understory, then in the forest canopy, and finally in the orchard.</p> <p>Analysis of digestive tracts showed significant usage of forest canopy pollen throughout the spring, especially before apple bloom. Pollinators had often eaten pollen from a different habitat than the one in which they were caught, suggesting frequent movement between habitats. Digestive tract pollen is an underused but powerful avenue for ecological insight.</p> <p>In <em>Andrena</em>, which are important orchard pollinators and one of the most abundant wild bee taxa in this study, male bees were primarily found in the woods but not the orchards where conspecific females were later active.</p> <p><strong>Synthesis and policy implications</strong>: Forested areas, especially forest canopy trees, provide large amounts of early spring resources that facilitate the build-up and spillover of wild pollinator populations into apple orchards during bloom. Forests also provide critical habitats for male bees, which were rarely found in orchards. Despite their importance for bee reproduction, the needs of male bees are usually not considered in conservation planning. Overall, our data indicate that ensuring there is adequate forest habitat adjacent to orchards can improve the long-term sustainability of pollinator populations that provide essential crop pollination services.</p>
Exploring Soil Exchangeable Cations and Auditing the Potential of Phoenix dactylifera and Mangifera indica in CO2 Sequestration into Soil Biomass in a Naturally Occurring Tree Patches Using Infrared Gas Analyzer
<p><em>Soil Exchangeable Cations (EC) were audited, and the potential of economic trees in atmospheric CO2 sequestration into soil biomass was investigated. . The experiment indicated that economic trees are perfect for CO2 sequestration. </em></p>
How woodcocks produce the most brilliant white plumage patches among the birds
<p>Until recently, and when compared with diurnal birds that use contrasting plumage patches and complex feather structures to convey visual information, communication in nocturnal and crepuscular species was considered to follow acoustic and chemical channels. However, many birds that are active in low-light environments have evolved intensely white plumage patches within otherwise inconspicuous plumages. We used spectrophotometry, electron microscopy, and optical modelling to explain the mechanisms producing bright white tail feather tips of the Eurasian woodcock <em>Scolopax</em> <em>rusticola</em>. Their diffuse reflectance was ~30% higher than any previously measured feather. This intense reflectance is the result of incoherent light scattering from a disordered nanostructure composed of keratin and air within the barb rami. In addition, the flattening, thickening, and arrangement of those barbs create a Venetian-blind-like macrostructure that enhances the surface area for light reflection. We suggest that the woodcocks have evolved these bright white feather patches for long-range visual communication in dimly lit environments.</p>
3D bioprinted alginate-gelatin hydrogel patches containing cardiac spheroids recover heart function in a mouse model of myocardial infarction
<p>Datasets for Roche et al (2023), '3D bioprinted alginate-gelatin hydrogel patches containing cardiac spheroids recover heart function in a mouse model of myocardial infarction'.</p>
Vulnerable and patched binaries
<p>This dataset contains a collection of vulnerable and patched binaries, each with specific function names.</p> <p>To access detailed information about the available vulnerable versions and their corresponding patched versions for a specific CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), please refer to the 'cve_all' text file.</p> <p>For example, the first line of the file 'cve_all' is as follows: 'CVE-2018-20712,binaries/binutils/O0/addr2line-2.31,binaries/binutils/O0/addr2line-2.32,d_expression_1'. This line indicates that the vulnerability with the identifier CVE-2018-20712 has a vulnerable version binary located at 'binaries/binutils/O0/addr2line-2.31' and a patched version binary located at 'binaries/binutils/O0/addr2line-2.32'. The related function name associated with this vulnerability is 'd_expression_1'.</p>
Data for: At a fine scale, hardwood patches support wildlife diversity in longleaf pine woodlands
<p>Restoring and maintaining biodiversity in a changing world is increasingly challenging due to the competing needs of species for suitable space and resources. One ecosystem that has seen considerable anthropogenic changes in extent and structure is the longleaf pine (<em>Pinus</em> <em>palustris</em>) ecosystem. Understanding how wildlife responds to restoration is important to informing forest restoration and conservation. We monitored game birds and mid-large-sized mammal occupancy in and around hardwood patches embedded within a longleaf pine woodland at The Jones Center at Ichauway in Newton, GA. We found that 11 species use the transition zone between the longleaf pine and hardwood hammocks. Gray squirrels (<em>Sciurus</em> <em>carolinensis</em>), Virginia opossums (<em>Didelphis</em> <em>virginiana</em>), nine-banded armadillos (<em>Dasypus</em> <em>novemcinctus</em>) occupancy increased along the gradient while and fox squirrel (<em>Sciurus</em> <em>niger</em>) declined. Our results suggest that oak patches and transitional zones are important to maintaining biodiversity within the longleaf pine ecosystem.</p>
Data for: Patch fidelity and patch preference of honey bees and bumble bees
<p>Animals commonly exhibit a tendency to return to previously visited locations. Such tendency is manifested at different scales, for example fidelity to a site, or fidelity to a specific patch within a site. Although patch fidelity has important implications for the pollinators and the plants they visit, our understanding of patch fidelity, and the extent to which it varies among bee species, remains limited. Here, we used a mark-reobservation approach to compare patch fidelity and patch size preference between one bumble bee and one honey bee species foraging on patches of <em>Medicago sativa</em> L. Honey bees exhibited greater patch fidelity (76%) than bumble bees (47%); they were more likely to return to the patch where they were marked. Patch size affected the level of patch fidelity for bumble bees but not for honey bees. Bumble bees were more likely to return to larger relative to smaller patches. In addition to patch fidelity, we detected preference of bees for the larger patches. Bees visited the larger patches more often than the smaller patches. These results add patch fidelity to the already known repertoire of differences in foraging strategies between a bumble bee and a honey bee species. It also indicates how the simultaneous study of distinct species in a similar environment can reveal important previously undetected information about their behavioral ecology. Observed differences in patch fidelity and patch size preferences may have important implications for crop pollination and conservation habitat design.</p>
APPENDIX 13 in Detangling the effects of patch attributes on bryophyte diversity in fragmented subtropical secondary forests - a case study of land-bridge islands
APPENDIX 13. — Islands with multi-long branched appearance in the Thousand Island Lake, China.
Warmer springs increase potential for temporal reproductive isolation among habitat patches in subalpine flowering plants
<ol> <li>Flowering phenology can vary considerably even at fine spatial scales, potentially leading to temporal reproductive isolation among habitat patches. Climate change could alter flowering synchrony, and hence temporal isolation, if plants in different microhabitats vary in their phenological response to climate change. Despite the importance of temporal isolation in determining patterns of gene flow, and hence population genetic structure and local adaptation, little is known about how changes in climate affect temporal isolation within populations.</li> <li>Here, we use flowering phenology and floral abundance data of 50 subalpine plant species over 44 years to test whether temporal isolation between habitat patches is affected by spring temperature. For each species and year, we analyzed temporal separation in peak flowering and flowering overlap between habitat patches separated by 5 to 950 m.</li> <li>Across our study species, warmer springs were associated with more temporal differentiation in flowering peaks among habitat patches, and less flowering overlap, increasing potential for temporal isolation within populations.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis</em>. By reducing opportunities for mating among plants in nearby habitat patches, our results suggest that warmer springs may reduce opportunities for gene flow within populations, and, consequently, the capacity of plant populations to adapt to environmental changes.</li> </ol>
Stability of C3 and C4 grass patches after fire and simulated grazing
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>As the woody legume, </span><em>Prosopis glandulosa</em><span> (honey mesquite) has encroached into grasslands and rangelands in the southern Great Plains, USA, two grass species, C<sub>4</sub> shortgrass, </span><em>Buchloe dactyloides</em><span> (buffalograss), and C<sub>3</sub> mid-grass, </span><em>Nassella leucotricha</em><span> (Texas wintergrass), have increased in dominance. Occurrence of more productive C<sub>4</sub> mid-grasses and herbaceous diversity have declined. We measured effects of various combinations of spring clipping (to simulate cattle grazing) and summer and/or winter fire treatments on the stability of monoculture patches of these two grass species over an eight-year period, with the goal of reducing </span><em>Nassella</em><span> and increasing C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass cover. All fire treatments top-killed most </span><em>Prosopi</em><span><em><span>s</span></em> trees that subsequently resprouted. </span><em>Buchloe</em><span> cover declined in the No Clip + No Fire treatment but remained intact</span> with clipping and/or fire. Frequent clip<span>ping reduced </span><em>Nassella</em><span> cover across all fire treatments. </span><em>Buchloe </em><span>encroachment into </span><em>Nassella</em><span> patches was greatest in the Clip + Alternate Season fire treatment. C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass cover increased to 15–25% in </span><em>Nassella</em><span> patches in several fire-only or Clip + Fire treatments; greatest gains were observed in treatments that included summer fire. In contrast, C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass gains were lower in </span><em>Buchloe </em><span>patches. These results suggest that C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass restoration was linked with treatments that reduced</span><em> Nassella </em><span>cover.</span></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.