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FIGURE 2 in Redescription of the tadpoles of three species of frogs from Uruguay (Amphibia: Anura: Leiuperidae and Leptodactylidae), with notes on natural history

FIGURE 2. The tadpole of Leptodactylus latinasus, stage 34, ZVCB 15186. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Oral disc. Scale bars = 5 mm (A, B), and = 1 mm (C).

FIGURE 1. A in Redescription of the tadpoles of three species of frogs from Uruguay (Amphibia: Anura: Leiuperidae and Leptodactylidae), with notes on natural history

FIGURE 1. A. Leptodactylus latinasus (male) from type locality, Montevideo, Uruguay, February 2007. ZVCB 15189 (Photo: C. Borteiro). B. Physalaemus biligonigerus (male), Bañado de los Oliveras, Treinta y Tres, Uruguay, January 2006. ZVCB 15195 (Photo: A. Sosa). C. Physalaemus riograndensis (male), Valizas, Rocha, Uruguay, 11 March 2007 (Photo: F. Kolenc). D. Foam nest construction in P. riograndensis, Departamento Candelaria, Misiones, Argentina, October 2006 (Photo: D. Baldo).

FIGURE 2 in Redescription of the tadpole of Leptodactylus rhodomystax (Anura: Leptodactylidae) with natural history notes

FIGURE 2. Mean number of L. rhodomystax tadpoles by site in relation to wet seasons sampled in RFAD, Amazonas, Brazil. Sites 1– 8 = western watershed; sites 9–11 = eastern watershed.

FIGURE 1 in Redescription of the tadpole of Leptodactylus rhodomystax (Anura: Leptodactylidae) with natural history notes

FIGURE 1. Leptodactylus rhodomystax tadpole (INPA-H 15850) at stage 37, (A) lateral view, (B) dorsal view (scale = 10 mm), and (C) oral disc (scale = 1 mm). Froglet (D) (scale = 10 mm).

FIGURE 8 in The tadpoles and advertisement calls of Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi and Pleurodema kriegi (Müller), with notes on their geographic distribution and conservation status (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae)

FIGURE 8. (A) Historical geographic distribution of Pleurodema bibroni (closed circles) and Pleurodema kriegi (open circles), based on specimens deposited in collections (see Appendix 1) and literature data (see text). (B) Current known distribution of P. bibroni in Uruguay, based on specimens collected in the last ten years deposited in collections (MNHN 7167–71, 7352–3, ZVCB 16137) and field work of the authors.

FIGURE 7 in The tadpoles and advertisement calls of Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi and Pleurodema kriegi (Müller), with notes on their geographic distribution and conservation status (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae)

FIGURE 7. Defensive behavior of some species of Pleurodema. Pleurodema bibroni (A) emerging from the ground covered with sand, (B) death feigning with limbs outstreched, (C) deimatic behavior, with exposition of lumbar glands and flash coloration and (D) body tilting towards a disturbing stimulus. Deimatic behavior in (E) Pleurodema bufoninum (note the white secretion of the prominent lumbar glands), (F) Pleurodema kriegi, and (G) Pleurodema thaul. (H) Defensive display in Pleurodema tucumanum, with elevation of the pelvic region.

FIGURE 6 in The tadpoles and advertisement calls of Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi and Pleurodema kriegi (Müller), with notes on their geographic distribution and conservation status (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae)

FIGURE 6. Habitat of Pleurodema bibroni at the Department of Rocha, Uruguay: (A) flooded grassland with palm trees (Butia capitata) and (B) sandy coastal grassland close to the Atlantic shoreline, where tadpoles were found. Habitat of Pleurodema kriegi at Pampa de Achala, Province of Córdoba, Argentina (C) and pond inhabited by tadpoles of this species (D).

FIGURE 4 in The tadpoles and advertisement calls of Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi and Pleurodema kriegi (Müller), with notes on their geographic distribution and conservation status (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae)

FIGURE 4. Advertisement call of Pleurodema bibroni (A) from Barra de Valizas, Department of Rocha, Uruguay (MNHN 7169, water temperature 16ºC, air temperature 14ºC), and Pleurodema kriegi (B) from Pampa de Achala, Province of Córdoba, Argentina (MLP. A 3526, water temperature 11ºC, air temperature 8.5ºC). Oscillogram (top) and sonogram (center) of a single call, and oscilogram of four notes (bottom).

FIGURE 3 in The tadpoles and advertisement calls of Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi and Pleurodema kriegi (Müller), with notes on their geographic distribution and conservation status (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae)

FIGURE 3. (A) Oral disc of a tadpole of Pleurodema bibroni (stage 35) from Barra de Valizas, Department of Rocha, Uruguay (MNHN 7167). (B) Oral disc of a tadpole of Pleurodema kriegi (stage 36) from Parador El Cóndor, Pampa de Achala, Province of Córdoba, Argentina (MLP DB 5059). Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in The tadpoles and advertisement calls of Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi and Pleurodema kriegi (Müller), with notes on their geographic distribution and conservation status (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae)

FIGURE 1. (A) Pleurodema bibroni, Barra de Valizas, Department of Rocha, Uruguay. (B) Pleurodema kriegi (MLP. A 3528), Pampa de Achala, Province of Córdoba, Argentina.

FIGURE 2 in The tadpoles and advertisement calls of Pleurodema bibroni Tschudi and Pleurodema kriegi (Müller), with notes on their geographic distribution and conservation status (Amphibia, Anura, Leiuperidae)

FIGURE 2. Tadpole of Pleurodema bibroni (stage 35) from Barra de Valizas, Department of Rocha, Uruguay (MNHN 7167), in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and tadpole of Pleurodema kriegi (stage 36) from Parador El Cóndor, Pampa de Achala, Province of Córdoba, Argentina (MLP DB 5059), in lateral (C) and dorsal (D) views. Scale bars = 5 mm.

FIGURE 3. Free males. A–E, Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n in Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. and G. t b a (Dinnik 1933) (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea) from tadpoles of the hybridogenetic complex Rana lessonae-esculenta (Amphibia, Ranoidea)

FIGURE 3. Free males. A–E, Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. A. Habitus left lateral view. B. Cephalic region. C. Tail ventral view. D. Posterior region right lateral view. A to D male V10MI. E. Posterior region of holotype, left lateral view (V17MIII). F–I, G. t b a male E12MI. F. Habitus right lateral view. G. Cephalic region. H. Genital cone's region right lateral view. I. Idem semi-ventral view. Scales in Μm A,F, 150, B,C,D,G,H,I, 20, E, 50.

FIGURE 2. Female genital apparatus and uterine contents. A–D, Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n in Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. and G. t b a (Dinnik 1933) (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea) from tadpoles of the hybridogenetic complex Rana lessonae-esculenta (Amphibia, Ranoidea)

FIGURE 2. Female genital apparatus and uterine contents. A–D, Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. A. Fourth stage larva left lateral view (V62FII). B. Same larva, female genital primordium sub-ventral view (V62FII). C. Long genital tract before production of thick-shelled eggs, right lateral view (V12FII). D. Same female, left lateral view, ovary and uterine pouch with four embryo and larvae, oviduct with particular enlarged section (V12FII). E–H, G. t b a. E. Fourth stage larva right lateral view (V20FI). F. Same larva, female genital primordium left lateral view (V20FI). G. Slender genital tract with aligned embryos some of them degenerate (V398FI). H. Part of the long genital tract: end of ovary, oviduct with particular enlarged section and pseudocoelomocytes nearby and first egg in uterus (V53FI). I,J, Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. Male larvae in utero I. Fourth larval stage (V11FII). J. Adult in exuvium left lateral view (V10FIII). Scales in Μm: A,C–E,G–I, 150, B,F, 20, J, 100.

FIGURE 1. Mature females. A–I, Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n in Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. and G. t b a (Dinnik 1933) (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea) from tadpoles of the hybridogenetic complex Rana lessonae-esculenta (Amphibia, Ranoidea)

FIGURE 1. Mature females. A–I, Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. A. Habitus left lateral view (anatomical genital parts shown: beginning of the thick ovary, thick-shelled eggs, embryos and males, V10FIII). B. C. D. Head in lateral, median and apical view, respectively (V10FII). E. Mouth surrounded with flaps showing the internal crests (V10FII). F. Base of the buccal cavity (V10FII). G. Tail ventral view (V10FIII). H. Thick-shelled egg two cells stage (V10FII). I. Detail of operculum in lateral view (V10FII). J–Q, G. t b a. J. Habitus left lateral view (anatomical genital parts shown: beginning of the thick ovary, thick-shelled eggs, V60FI). K. Head apical view (V402). L. Mouth and cuticular lips of another specimen (E6FII). M. Base of buccal cavity (V402). N. Head in lateral view (V402). P. Thick-shelled egg four cells stage (V16FII). Q. Detail of operculum in sub-median view (V16FII). Scales in Μm A,J, 200, B–F,K–N,I,Q, 20, G,O, 150, H,P, 50.

FIGURE 4 in Gyrinicola chabadamsoni n. sp. and G. t b a (Dinnik 1933) (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea) from tadpoles of the hybridogenetic complex Rana lessonae-esculenta (Amphibia, Ranoidea)

FIGURE 4. Distinct infection patterns in G. chabadamsoni n. sp. and G. t ba with two sampling dates, June and August. n: total number of nematodes recovered; %: prevalence; X: mean intensity. In June an equal number of RL and LL were dissected, in August four folds more RL than LL.

FIGURE 5 in Description of tadpoles of five frog species in the subgenus Brygoomantis from Madagascar (Mantellidae: Mantidactylus)

FIGURE 5. Drawings of the preserved DNA voucher tadpole of Mantidactylus alutus (stage 40), series ZSM 1490/ 2007; (a) oral disc, (b) dorsal view, (c) lateral view. Scale bars represent 1 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Description of tadpoles of five frog species in the subgenus Brygoomantis from Madagascar (Mantellidae: Mantidactylus)

FIGURE 2. Drawings of the preserved DNA voucher tadpole of Mantidactylus sp. aff. biporus "Marojejy (stage 29), series ZSM 1592/2007; (a) oral disc, (b) dorsal view, (c) lateral view. Scale bars represent 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Description of tadpoles of five frog species in the subgenus Brygoomantis from Madagascar (Mantellidae: Mantidactylus)

FIGURE 1. Drawings of the preserved DNA voucher tadpole of Mantidactylus sp. aff. biporus "Ranomafana (stage 25), series ZSM 123/2007; (a) oral disc, (b) dorsal view, (c) lateral view. Scale bars represent 1 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Redescription of Allobates brunneus (Cope) 1887 (Anura: Aromobatidae: Allobatinae), with a description of the tadpole, call, and reproductive behavior

FIGURE 5. (A) Dorsal, (B) ventral, and (C) lateral views of a stage 39 tadpole of Allobates brunneus from lot INPA-H 10043. View of recent metamorph (INPA-H 10042); note that the dorsal pattern of the metamorph is similar to the adult pattern.

FIGURE 4 in Description of tadpoles of five frog species in the subgenus Brygoomantis from Madagascar (Mantellidae: Mantidactylus)

FIGURE 4. Drawings of the preserved DNA voucher tadpole of Mantidactylus sp. aff. curtus Ankaratra (stage 36), series ZSM 570/2008; (a) oral disc, (b) dorsal view, (c) lateral view. Scale bars represent 1 mm.