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Figures 19–22 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figures 19–22: Scorpiops lowei sp. n., habitus under white light. Figures 19–20. Male holotype in dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views. Figures 21–22. Female allotype in dorsal (21) and ventral (22) views. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Figure 11–18 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figure 11–18: Scorpiops kubani, male paratype (11), and S. lowei sp. n. male, previous paratypes (12–18), carapace, under white light.

Figures 27–30 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figures 27–30: Scorpiops lowei sp. n., sternopectinal area and pectines under UV light. Figures 27–28. Male holotype, sternopectinal area (27) and pectines (28). Figures 29–30. Female allotype, sternopectinal area (29) and pectines (30). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figures 59–66 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figures 59–66: Scorpiops lowei sp. n., metasoma and telson. Figures 59–62. Male holotype, lateral (59), dorsal (60), and ventral (61) views of metasoma and telson, and lateral view of telson (62). Figures 63–66. Female allotype, lateral (63), dorsal (64), and ventral (65) views of metasoma and telson, and lateral view of telson (66). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figures 46–58 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figures 46–58: Scorpiops lowei sp. n., female allotype, pedipalp chela dorsal (46), external (47) and ventral (48) view, patella dorsal (49), external (50) and ventral (51) view, femur and trochanter dorsal (52), external (53) and ventral (54) view, left movable finger (55), right movable finger (56), and dorsal (57) and ventral (58) views of chelicera. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 47 and finger dentition is captioned in Figure 55–56. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 77–83 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figure 77–83: Finger dentition of different individuals of Scorpiops lowei sp. n., showing the maximum/minimum values recorded in the previous paratypes.

Figures 3–10 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figures 3–10: Scorpiops kubani, male paratype, carapace under UV light (3), carapace under white light (4), sternopectinal area (5), dorsal view of pedipalp chela under white light (6), external view of pedipalp chela under white light (7), pedipalp movable finger under white light (8), dorsal view of pedipalp chela under UV light (9) and pedipalp movable finger under UV light (10).

Figures 25–26 in Reanalysis of the Yunnan population of Scorpiops kubani with a description of a new species, Scorpiops lowei sp. n. (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae)

Figures 25–26: Scorpiops lowei sp. n., female allotype, carapace (25) and tergites I–VII (26) under UV light. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Data for: Population niche width is driven by within-individual niche expansion and individual specialization in introduced brook trout in mountain lakes

The width of a population's resource use niche is determined by individual diet breadth ("within-individual component") and the degree of niche partitioning between individuals ("between-individual component"). The balance between these two factors affects ecological stability and evolutionary trajectories, and may shift as ecological opportunity permits broader population niches. Lakes in California's Sierra Nevada Mountains vary in resource diversity for introduced brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) due to elevation, lake morphometry, and watershed features. We compared the relative contributions of within- and between-individual niche components to two measures of the dietary niches of thirteen populations of brook trout: prey taxonomic composition and prey size distribution. For both taxonomic and size diversity of fish diets, population niche width was positively related to both the within- and between-individual components. For taxonomic diversity, the two components increased in parallel, while for size diversity, the between-individual component became more important relative to the within-individual component in populations with the greatest niche widths. Our results support the Niche Variation Hypothesis that populations with broader niches are more heterogeneous among individuals and show that individual niche width and individual specialization can operate in parallel to expand the population niche.

Code and data for: Emergence of spatially structured populations by area-concentrated search

The idea that populations are spatially structured has become a very powerful concept in ecology, raising interest in many research areas. However, despite dispersal being a core component of the concept, it typically does not consider the movement behavior underlying any dispersal. Using individual-based simulations in continuous space, we investigate the emergence of a spatially structured population in landscapes with spatially heterogeneous resource distribution and with organisms following simple area-concentrated search (ACS); individuals do not, however, perceive or respond to any habitat attributes per se but only to their foraging success. We investigated effects of different resource clustering patterns in landscapes (single large cluster vs. many small clusters) and different resource densities on spatial structure of populations and movement between resource clusters of individuals. As the results, we found that foraging success increased with increasing resource density and decreasing number of resource clusters. In a wide parameter space, the system exhibited attributes of a spatially structured population with individuals concentrated in areas of high resource density, searching within areas of resources, and 'dispersing' in a straight line between resource patches. 'Emigration' was more likely from patches that were small or of low quality (low resource density), but we observed an interaction effect between these two parameters. With the ACS implemented, individuals tended to move deeper into a resource cluster in scenarios with moderate resource density than in scenarios with high resource density. 'Looping' from patches was more likely if patches were large and of high quality. Our simulations demonstrate that spatial structure in populations may emerge if critical resources are heterogeneously distributed and if individuals follow simple movement rules (such as ACS). Neither the perception of habitat nor an explicit decision to emigrate from a patch on the side of acting individuals is necessary for the emergence of spatial structure.

Data for: Inferring population connectivity in Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus) using landscape genetics

Assessing the environmental factors that influence the ability of a threatened species to move through the landscape can be used to identify conservation actions that connect isolated populations. However, direct observations of species' movement are often limited making the development of alternate approaches necessary. Here we use landscape genetic analyses to assess the impact of landscape features on the movement of individuals between local populations of a threatened snake, the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus). We linked connectivity data with habitat information from two landscapes of similar size: a large region of unfragmented habitat and a previously studied fragmented landscape consisting of isolated patches of habitat. We used this analysis to identify features of the landscape where modification or acquisition would enhance population connectivity in the fragmented region. We found evidence that current connectivity is impacted by both contemporary landcover features, especially roads, and inherent landscape features such as elevation. Next, we derived estimates of expected movement ability using a recently developed pedigree-based approach and Least Cost Paths through the unfragmented landscape. We then used our pedigree and resistance map to estimate resistance polygons of the potential extent for S. catenatus movement in the fragmented landscape. These polygons identify possible sites for future corridors connecting currently isolated populations in this landscape by linking the impact of future habitat modification or land acquisition to dispersal ability in this species. Overall, our study shows how modeling landscape resistance across differently fragmentated landscapes can identify habitat features that affect contemporary movement in threatened species in fragmented landscapes and how this information can be used to guide mitigation actions whose goal is to connect isolated populations.

Disentangling the causes of age-assortative mating in bird populations with contrasting life-history strategies

<ol> <li>Age shapes fundamental processes related to behaviour, survival and reproduction. Where age influences reproductive success, non-random mating with respect to age can magnify or mitigate such effects. Consequently, the correlation in partners' age across a population may influence its productivity. Despite widespread evidence for age-assortative mating, little is known about what drives this assortment and its variation. Specifically, the relative importance of active (same-age mate preference) and passive processes (assortment as a consequence of other spatial or temporal effects) in driving age-assortment is not well understood.</li> <li>In this paper, we compare breeding data from a great tit and mute swan population (51- and 31-year datasets respectively) to tease apart the contributions of pair retention, cohort age-structure, and active age-related mate selection to age-assortment in species with contrasting life-histories.</li> <li>Both species show age-assortative mating, and variable assortment between years. However, we demonstrate that the drivers of age-assortment differ between the species, as expected from their life-histories and resultant demographic differences. In great tits, pair fidelity has a weak effect on age-assortative mating through pair retention; variation in age-assortment is primarily driven by fluctuations in age-structure from variable juvenile recruitment. Age-assortative mating is therefore largely passive, with no evidence consistent with active age-related mate selection. In mute swans, age-assortment is partly explained by pair retention, but not population age-structure, and evidence exists for active age-assortative pairing.</li> <li>This difference is likely to result from shorter life-spans in great tits compared to mute swans, leading to fundamental differences in their population age-structure, whereby a larger proportion of great tit populations consist of a single age-cohort. In mute swans, age-assortative pairing through mate selection may also be driven by greater age-dependent variation in fitness.</li> <li>The study highlights the importance of considering how different life-histories, and demographic differences arising from these, affect population processes that appear congruent across species. We suggest that future research should focus on uncovering the proximate mechanisms that lead to variation in active age-assortative mate selection (as seen in mute swans); and the consequences of variation in age-structure on the ecological and social functioning of wild populations.</li> </ol>

single-cell RNAseq data (data set 1) in the publication scFASTCORMICS: A contextualization algorithm to reconstruct metabolic multi-cell population models from single-cell RNAseq data

The present dataset (dataset1) was used as input to build scFASTCORMICS models. The files correspond to the clusters identified by Seurat in the single-cell data from CRC samples downloaded from the GEO website  (GSE81861). see the protocol: scFASTCORMICS: A contextualization algorithm to reconstruct metabolic multi-cell population models from single-cell RNAseq data and github: https://github.com/sysbiolux/scFASTCORMICS For more information, version updates of the scFASTCORMICS.

Evaluating the role of the nuclear microenvironment in gene function by population-based modeling

This repository accompanies the manuscript "Evaluating the role of the nuclear microenvironment in gene function by population-based modeling", available in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. It contains the files for the population of 3D structures for GM12878 in 200-kb resolution generated using IGM (https://github.com/alberlab/igm) and the derived structural features. Please see README.txt for more information. For any inquiries please reach out to Dr. Frank Alber (falber@g.ucla.edu).

Top-secret internal communiction by DERG regarding the population of Welkait and Tsegede (Western Tigray, Ethiopia), 1984

During the civil war in Ethiopia between the military “Derg” regime and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) the Dejena mountain range in Welkait became, around 1980, the main base for Tigray resistance against the Derg regime that was in power at the time. In the Ethiopian federal state, after 1991, Welkait became part of Tigray, Western Tigray zone, which is contested by the core Ethiopian Amhara elites. A rare communication document between Derg’s military command and the Ministry of Defense, dating back to 1984 has been retrieved, where they lament that the population of the Welkait and the adjacent Tselemti districts supports the TPLF, because the people are Tigrinya speakers. Up to this date, the archive is top-secret, and photos of the document were furtively taken. This typical document from the 1980s, prepared on carbon copy paper using a ge’ez font type writing machine, was shown to a well-informed Ethiopian analyst, who confirmed its authenticity.

High-resolution maps of material stock, population and employment in Austria from 1985 to 2018 - Supplementary Material

Global societal material stocks such as buildings and infrastructure accumulated rapidly within recent decades, along with population growth. Material stocks constitute the physical basis of most socio-economic activities and services, such as mobility, housing, health, or education. The dynamics of stock growth, and its relation to the population that demands those services, is an essential indicator for long-term societal resource use and patterns of emissions. The creation of societal material stock creates path dependencies for future resource use, with an important impact on how the transformation towards sustainable societies can succeed. This dataset is a supplement to previously generated detailed maps of the distribution of material stocks, population and employment across Austria from 1985 to 2018 (10.5281/zenodo.7195101). The data are aggregated tabular data used to create illustrations in an accompanying data article. Data format and units This dataset features: <ul> <li>Tabular aggregated data of material stocks, population and employment on a municipality level from 1985 to 2018 (in administrative borders of 2018. <ul> <li>Note: Only layers used to create illustrations in the accompanying data article are presented as tabular data!</li> </ul> </li> <li>Municipalities of Austria as as shape file (from https://www.data.gv.at/katalog/dataset/stat_gliederung-osterreichs-in-gemeinden14f53#resources)</li> <li>Annual population and employment numbers on a federal states level, extracted and aggregated from Statistik Austria (see readme.txt)</li> </ul> Further information For further information, please see the publication or contact Franz Schug (fschug@wisc.edu). Visit our <a href="https://boku.ac.at/understanding-the-role-of-material-stock-patterns-for-the-transformation-to-a-sustainable-society-mat-stocks">website </a>to learn more about our project MAT_STOCKS - Understanding the Role of Material Stock Patterns for the Transformation to a Sustainable Society. Funding This research was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (MAT_STOCKS, grant agreement No 741950).

Post-weaning survival in kangaroos is high and constant until senescence: Implications for population dynamics

Large herbivores typically have consistently high prime-aged adult survival and lower, more variable, juvenile and senescent survival. Many kangaroo populations undergo greater fluctuations in density than other large herbivores, but age- and sex-specific survival of kangaroos and their response to environmental variation remain poorly estimated. We used long-term capture-mark-recapture data on 920 individuals to investigate the survival component of eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) population dynamics. Forage availability and population density were monitored quarterly and included as predictors of survival in Bayesian Cormack-Jolly-Seber models. Annual survival probabilities were estimated for 5 age classes: 0 years (juveniles), 1–2 years (sub-adults), 3–6 years (prime-aged adults), 7–9 years (pre-senescent adults), and ≥10 years (senescent adults). Survival of juveniles varied widely during our 12-year study, ranging from 0.07–0.90 for females and 0.05–0.92 for males. Sub-adult survival was 0.80–0.93 for females and 0.75–0.85 for males, while that of prime-aged adults was ≥0.94 for females and ≥0.83 for males, despite large fluctuations in forage and density. The survival of pre-senescent adults spanned 0.86–0.93 for females and 0.60–0.86 for males. Senescent survival was variable, at 0.49–0.90 for females and 0.49–0.80 for males. Male survival was significantly lower than female survival in prime-aged and pre-senescent adults, but not in other age classes. Although most models supported by WAIC selection included one or a combination of environmental covariates, none of these individual covariates had a discernable effect on survival. Temporal variability in overall survival was mostly due to changes in survival of juvenile and senescent kangaroos. Kangaroo survival patterns are similar to those of ungulates, suggesting a strong role of sex-age structure on population dynamics.

Supporting information for: Age-specific sensitivity analysis of stable, stochastic and transient growth for stage-classified populations

The study associated with this dataset proposes a way of performing age-specific sensitivity analysis of stable, stochastic and transient growth for stage-classified populations. Here, you find simulation code in R to produce figures in the manuscript and matrices reporting demographic data upon which code computations are performed.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Figure 3. Lasioglossum semicaeruleum. a in Lasioglossum (Dialictus) semicaeruleum (Cockerell, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) in Maryland: A disjunct population in eastern North America?

Figure 3. Lasioglossum semicaeruleum. a) Head, frontal view. b) Habitus, lateral view. c). Habitus, dorsal view. d) Metapostnotum, showing distinctive strongly anastomosing rugae (Gibbs 2010). USGS_DRO141684, female, Wittman, Talbot County, Maryland, 1–4 September 2007, collected by Warren E. Steiner, Jr. and Jil M. Swearingen. Photographed by Samuel W. Droege.