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18,621 results for “development;”
Development of Ultra-High Performance Engineered Geopolymer Composites (UHP-EGCs)
<p>This study investigated the possibility of developing novel UHP-EGC materials for the repair and new construction of transportation infrastructure in Region 6 by utilizing locally available resources. To this end, the geopolymers (GPs) in this study were synthesized by activating metakaolin (MK) with potassium silicate and sodium silicate solutions. The solutions were manufactured in the laboratory by dissolving silica fume and potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in deionized water. MK-based GP binders, mortars, and fiber-reinforced composites were manufactured and evaluated to determine their density, compressive strength, tensile properties, and slant shear bond strength to Portland cement concrete (PCC). Based on the experimental findings, it was concluded that both MG7500 and FA4404 admixtures improved the workability but reduced the compressive strength of the GP. The inclusion of both microsilica sand and UHMWPE fibers (i.e., plasma-treated and pristine UHMWPE fibers) led to an improvement in compressive strength. Plasma-treated UHMWPE fibers exhibited a higher compressive strength compared to pristine UHMWPE fibers. The uniaxial tensile test results revealed that the composites with pristine and plasma-treated UHMWPE fibers at 1.5 vol.% exhibited robust pseudo-strain hardening (PSH) behavior. Furthermore, the best-performing composite (i.e., composite with plasma-treated fibers) exhibited a tensile strength and strain capacity of 6.65 MPa and 6.26%, respectively. The slant shear test revealed that all the materials passed the minimum requirement (i.e., 28-day shear bond strength greater than 13 MPa) to be used as a repair material. While the compressive strength of the developed GP composites using different techniques reached up to 73 MPa, future research should be directed toward the evaluation of hybrid systems (such as MK and slag) to achieve a compressive strength greater than 120 MPa.</p>
Development of Distress Index Prediction Models for Rehabilitation Treatments in Louisiana Using Advanced Machine Learning Techniques
<p>Performance prediction models are used by state agencies to predict future trends in distress indices, hence, determining the required maintenance and/or rehabilitation treatment as well as the deterioration rate and remaining pavement service life. However, most of these models are based on a limited number of parameters and cannot predict the performance distress indices reliably. Such limitation resulted in having, most of the time, a maximum prediction period of five years. As a solution and coping with the ever-increasing size of pavement data, machine learning techniques have become a promising alternative. The objective of this study was to develop a machine-learning-based framework for states with a hot and humid climate that can predict the long-term field performance (for 11 years) of their asphalt (AC) overlays based on their key project conditions. Two machine learning algorithms were examined, namely Random Forest (RF) and CatBoost, and the one yielding a higher accuracy was considered. In this study, the well-known pavement condition index (PCI) was used as the pavement performance indicator. A total of 892 log miles of AC overlay data were obtained from the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LaDOTD) Pavement Management System (PMS) database. Based on the collected data, six models were trained (for each algorithm) and validated to predict the future PCI of AC overlays for up to 11 years. Results indicated that the RF algorithm yielded higher accuracy than the CatBoost Algorithm and thus the RF-based models were considered in the proposed decision-making framework.</p>
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
<p>The qualitative mixed-method intervention study, grounded in content analysis and comparative methodology, reveals that incorporating SDGs into teacher training programmes is key since there is a significant direct impact on society. The objective was firstly to create an SDG-based didactic proposal including inquiry-based learning as its pedagogical approach for developing critical thinking. Secondly, to study its effect on participants regarding raising awareness of SDGs and their projection to society as future teachers.</p>
Development of a Predictive Model for In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients Using CAR, IL-6, IL-6/LY, and NLR: A Single-Center Study in Indonesia
<p>Figure 1. ROC Curve of CAR, IL-6, IL-6/LY, and NLR</p> <p> </p> <p>Figure 2. Kaplan Meier curve of (a) CAR (b) IL-6 (c) IL-6/LY (d) NLR blue line represents group above cut off and green one represents group below cut-off</p> <p> </p>
Understanding the Helpfulness of Stale Bot for Pull-based Development
<p>Dataset for the "Understanding the Helpfulness of Stale Bot for Pull-based Development: An Empirical Study of 20 Large Open-Source Projects" paper published in the ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM) journal.</p>
Simulated and real datacubes for developing and testing changepoint algorithms for spatially correlated, short and noisy time-series
<p>A set of datacubes where z-dimension is time, thus each (x,y,.) is a timeseries. The idea is to detect sudden changes in each series, assuming 1) the series can be quite short and noisy 2) the change occurs in spatial patches. The set has synthetic examples with known change-events, and a real-world dataset with unknown change-events. The data files are related to the pape</p> <p>T Rajala, P Packalen, M Myllymäki, A Kangas (2023): Improving detection of changepoints in short and noisy time-series with local correlations: Connecting the events in pixel neighbourhoods, "Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics", https://doi.org/10.1007/s13253-023-00546-1</p> <p>More of the NFI data is available from Natural Resources Institute Finland, https://kartta.luke.fi/index-en.html</p> <p>See `data/00data_readme.txt` for further details.</p> <p> </p>
Scholarly publishing in a developing nation
<p class="MsoNormal">The scholarly literature from the developing world is low, and the scientific impact in some countries, including Libya, is much lower compared with their peers. This study explores the editorial practices and editors' perspectives to gain insight into the standard of scholarly publishing in Libya.</p>
NEMO development and use in OCEAN:ICE
<p>Casimir de Lavergne at the 21st edition of the DRAKKAR Workshop, which took place in Grenoble on Jan 30, Jan 31, and Feb 1st 2023.</p>
Reproduction package for "Revisiting the reproducibility of empirical software engineering studies based on data retrieved from development repositories"
<p>Reproduction package for "Revisiting the reproducibility of empirical software engineering studies based on data retrieved from development repositories", published in Information and Software Technology, Volume 164, December 2023. DOI: <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2023.107318" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2023.107318</span></span></a></p>
Replication data for Temperature variability and long-run economic development
<p><strong>Description</strong></p> <p>This dataset contains the processed data used for the statistical analysis in Linsenmeier, M. (2023): Temperature variability and long-term economic development, published in the Journal of Environmental Economics and Management.</p> <p>The main data on nightlights stem from the satellites of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The data are downloaded as annual composites (vcm) of version V1 (Elvidge et al., 2017). For robustness tests, also annual composites of version V2 are used (Elvidge et al., 2021). Additional data on nightlights are taken from the U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) of Version 4. Data on the global distribution of crop land and pasture land (Ramankutty et al., 2008) are taken from NASA (Ramankutty et al., 2010). Data on population are from the Gridded Population of the World (GPW) dataset version 4.0 (CIESIN, 2018). Data on elevation are from the Global Land One-kilometer Base Elevation (GLOBE) dataset in version 1 provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (Hastings et al., 1999). Data on terrain ruggedness are from a global dataset with a resolution of 1 km (Shaver et al., 2018). Data on distances from the nearest coast are from NASA. Distance from inland water bodies are from the GloboLakes dataset (Carrea et al., 2015). Finally, data on weather are from ERA5 reanalysis (Hersbach et al. 2018). All datasets are spatially aggregated to the grid cells of the ERA5 reanalysis.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>The data contain modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2020. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.</p> <p>Image and data processing by Earth Observation Group, Payne Institute for Public Policy, Colorado School of Mines. DMSP data collected by US Air Force Weather Agency.</p> <p><strong>Bibliography</strong></p> <ul> <li>Carrea, L., Embury, O., andMerchant, C.(2015). GloboLakes: High-resolution global limnology data. Center for Environmental Data Analysis. http://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/06cef537c5b14a2e871a333b9bc0b482.</li> <li>CIESIN (2018). Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Count, Revision 11.</li> <li>Elvidge, C. D., Baugh, K., Zhizhin, M., Hsu, F. C., and Ghosh, T. (2017). VIIRS night-time lights. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 38(21):5860–5879.</li> <li>Elvidge, C.D, Zhizhin, M., Ghosh T., Hsu FC, Taneja J. Annual time series of global VIIRS nighttime lights derived from monthly averages:2012 to 2019. Remote Sensing 2021, 13(5), p.922, doi:10.3390/rs13050922.</li> <li>Hastings, D. A., Dunbar, P. K., Elphingstone, G. M., Bootz, M., Murakami, H., Maruyama, H., Masaharu, H., Holland, P., Payne, J., Bryant, N. A., et al. (1999). The global land one-kilometer base elevation (GLOBE) digital elevation model, version 1.0. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center, 325.</li> <li>Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2018): ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1959 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). (Accessed in January 2021), 10.24381/cds.adbb2d47</li> <li>Ramankutty, N., Evan, A., Monfreda, C., and Foley, J. (2010). Global Agricultural Lands: Pastures, 2000. Global Agricultural Lands Dataset.</li> <li>Ramankutty, N., Evan, A. T., Monfreda, C., and Foley, J. A. (2008). Farming the Planet: 1. Geographic Distribution of Global Agricultural Lands in the Year 2000: Global Agricultural Lands in 2000. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 22(1).</li> <li>Shaver, A., Carter, D. B., and Shawa, T. W. (2018). Terrain ruggedness and land cover: Improved data for most research designs. Terrain Ruggedness and Land Cover Dataset.</li> </ul>
Data from: Comparative LCA studies of simulated HMF-biorefineries from maize and miscanthus as an example of first- and second-generation biomass as a tool for process development
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a versatile platform chemical for a fossil free, bio-based chemical industry. HMF can be produced by using fructose as a feedstock. Using edible, first-generation biomass to produce chemicals has been questioned in terms of potential competition with food supply. Second-generation biomass like miscanthus could be an alternative. However, there is a lack of information if second-generation lignocellulosic biomass is a more sustainable feedstock to produce HMF. Therefore, a life cycle assessment was performed in this study to determine the environmental impacts of HMF production from miscanthus and to compare it with HMF from high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). HFCS from either Hungary or Baden-Württemberg (Germany) was considered. Compared to the HFCS biorefineries the miscanthus concept is producing less emissions in all impact categories studied, except land occupation. Overall, the production and usage of second-generation biomass could be especially beneficial in areas where the use of N-fertilizers is restricted. Besides, conclusions for the further development of the on-farm-biorefinery concept were elaborated. For this purpose, process simulations from a previous study were used. Results of the previous study in terms of TEA and the current LCA study in terms of environmental sustainability indicate that the lignin depolymerization unit in the miscanthus biorefinery has to be improved. The scenario without lignin depolymerization performs better in all impact categories. The authors recommend to not further convert the lignin to products like phenol and other aromatic compounds. The results of the contribution analyses show that the major impact in the HMF production is caused by the auxiliary materials in the separation units and the required heat. Further technical development should focus on efficient heat as well as solvent use and solvent recovery. At this point further optimizations will lead to reduced emissions and costs at the same time. The presented data set is the used inventory to model the environmental impacts. </span></p>
Spore germination and gametophore development of mosses in response to competition
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Interactions between moss species in their earliest growth stages have received little attention. To what extent interspecific competition or priority effects influence spore germination, protonemal development, and gametophore emergence is unknown. We evaluated such effects in pairwise interaction between six common bryophyte species: <em>Atrichum undulatum, Bryum argenteum, Ceratodon purpureus, Funaria hygrometrica, Hypnum cupressiforme,</em> and <em>Leptobryum pyriforme</em>. </span><span>Interspecific interactions were assessed in vitro. Spores were sterilized and sown on agar plates in three treatments: 1) as single species cultures (controls), 2) as pairwise species cultures inoculated simultaneously, and 3) with a time lag of 20 days between species. Data on time needed for spore germination, germination rate, the time needed for gametophore differentiation, number of gametophores per germinated spore and average diameter of colonies were collected. We also performed spore germination tests in single-species cultures at the start and end of the study, as well as tests for density-dependency at spore germination and gametophore formation. </span></p>
Figure 5 in Initiation and early development of the postcanine deciduous dentition in the dasyurid marsupial Dasyurus viverrinus
Figure 5. Dasyurus albopunctatus pouch young (AMNH 195149, 12 mm head length). Scale bar is 5 mm.
Digitalizing Europe: The promising impact of AI on Car Safety Development
<p>Video through which the ESR09 Giada Colella applied to the MSCA Science-Policy Pitch Competition and Awards.</p>
Single-cell transcriptional atlas of the developing Drosophila visual system (V1.1)
<p>An updated version of a single-cell transcriptional atlas of the developing Drosophila visual system (V1.1): https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8097374</p> <p>Changes are described in Yoo et al. 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.04.03.534791)</p> <pre> </pre>
Enhancing Microservice Reusability in MSA through the Reusable Microservices Framework: Development, Validation, and Evaluation
<p>The data of the paper: Enhancing Microservice Reusability in MSA through the Reusable Microservices Framework: Development, Validation, and Evaluation</p>
Variation in oxidative status, but not structural and physiological development, associated with changing ontogenetic environments
<p><span>Despite the potential for temporally-dependent relationships between trait values and fitness (e.g., as juveniles approach life-stage transitions such as fledging), how developmental stage affects canalization (a measure of robustness to environmental variation) of morphological and physiological traits is rarely considered. To test the sensitivity of morphological and physiological traits to environmental variation in two developmental stages, we manipulated brood size at hatch in European starlings (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>) and cross-fostered chicks between enlarged and reduced broods approaching fledging.</span><span> We measured body size (mass, tarsus, wing length) and physiological state (aerobic capacity, oxidative status) at asymptotic mass on day 15, then cross-fostered chicks between 'high' and 'low' quality environments and assessed the same traits again on day 20, after five days of pre-fledging mass recession. Chicks in reduced broods were heavier at asymptotic mass and had lower reactive oxygen metabolites than enlarged broods, while structural size, aerobic capacity, and antioxidant capacity were unaffected by experimental brood size. The observed canalization of structural and physiological traits during early development was maintained after cross-fostering, during late development. However, in contrast to early development, antioxidant capacity approaching fledging appeared sensitive to environmental conditions, as trajectories varied by cross-fostering treatment. Elevated reactive oxygen metabolites observed after early development in enlarged brood chicks were maintained after cross-fostering, suggesting canalized development in low-quality environments could produce oxidative costs that carry over between life-stages, even when conditions improve. These data reveal trait-specific relationships between environmental conditions and development and highlight how natal environment effects may vary by developmental stage.</span></p>
Source code and data files for the fetal kick simulator developed in the Biomechatronics Lab at Imperial College London, UK
<p>This repository holds the code for Fetal Kick Simulator</p> <p>Copyright (c) 2020, Imperial College London All rights reserved.</p> <p>Authors: Abhishek Kumar Ghosh, Ravi Vaidyanathan, Niamh C Nowlan. Imperial College London.</p> <p>This program is a free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.</p> <p>This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.</p> <p>Acknowledgements: If this software is helpful, then Please consider acknowledging or referencing the authors.</p> <p>Publication: Link for the publication related to this repository is <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/21/6020">https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/21/6020</a></p>
Problem Solving and Algorithmic Development with Flowcharts
<p>This study reports on an in-depth research into student-learning using a "thinking-first" framework combined with stepwise heuristics, to provide students structure throughout the entire programming process.</p> <p>The study targetted secondary education students in an elective computer science course. There was one class with<br> 11 Dutch high school students, of which 2 females and 9 males. The group was heterogeneous, with students from different academic<br> levels and age-groups. Each student’s level and previous experience with CS was determined a priori using a pretest.</p> <p>For this study we developed sets of quizes, tasks and tests comprised of code comprehension, code composition questions (including reading and creating flowchart designs). The student responses to each were anaylzed.</p> <p>This repository contains the following data:<br> - taxonomyPerQ.pdf: indicates taxonomy level of each (quiz, task, test) question answered by students <br> - assessments_unanswered: all questions (quizes, tasks, tests) administered to students<br> - pretask (responses): anonymized student responses to pretask questions<br> - midtask (responses): anonymized student responses to midtask questions<br> - finaltask (responses): anonymized student responses to finaltask questions<br> - quiz 1 (responses): anonymized student responses to quiz 1 questions<br> - quiz 2 (responses): anonymized student responses to quiz 2 questions<br> - final test (responses): anonymized student responses to final test questions</p> <p><br> The student's handwritten work was scanned, saved as pdf and coded in atlas.ti. These coded pdf's cannot be anonymized anymore, and thus not openly distributed or published.</p>
Increased initial task difficulty drives social foragers to develop sub-optimal conformity instead of adaptive diversity
<p>The extent to which animal societies exhibit social conformity as opposed to behavioural diversity is commonly attributed to adaptive learning strategies. Less attention is given to the possibility that the relative difficulty of learning a task socially as opposed to individually can be critical for social learning dynamics. Here we show that by raising initial task difficulty, house sparrows previously shown to exhibit adaptive social diversity become predominantly conformists. The task we used required opening feeding well covers (easier to learn socially) and to choose the covers with the rewarding cues (easy to learn individually). We replicated a previous study where sparrows exhibited adaptive diversity, but did not pre-train the naive sparrows to open covers, making the task initially more difficult. In sharp contrast to the previous study results, most sparrows continued to conform to the demonstrated cue even after experiencing greater success with the alternative rewarding cue for which competition was less intense. Thus, our study shows that a task's cognitive demands, such as the initial dependency on social demonstration, can change the entire learning dynamics, causing social animals to exhibit sub-optimal social conformity rather than adaptive diversity under otherwise identical conditions.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.