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opencc-zeroDec 2019View details →

FIG. 3 in A contribution to the study of hornworts and liverworts in Tunisia: a checklist and ecology of Kroumirian species

FIG. 3. — Presence index of different taxa in the studied sites.

opencc-zeroDec 2019View details →

FIG. 2 in A contribution to the study of hornworts and liverworts in Tunisia: a checklist and ecology of Kroumirian species

FIG. 2. — Species richness of the studied habitats.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Bibliographic Information on PNAS Direct and Contributed Submissions

This dataset contains observations of 46,391 articles published as "Direct" or "Contributed" submissions in PNAS. Only includes publications in the Biological, Physical and Social Sciences sections. Variables: <ul> <li>extract_id: incremental ID</li> <li>topic: main section</li> <li>sub_label: labelled submission type</li> <li>pub_year: publication year</li> <li>review_time: number of days from the manuscript was received until it was accepted for publication</li> <li>ncs_full: The field normalised citation score, full counting</li> </ul> -

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Evaluation of the stratospheric contribution to the inter-annual variabilities of tropospheric methane growth rates

Input invariant emission inventory, OH field and the stratospheric loss field in fixed-budget simulation

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Data for the paper: Towards high solar contribution in hybrid CSP-combined cycle gas turbine plants

Data used for the paper "Towards high solar contribution in hybrid CSP-combined cycle gas turbine plants".

Virulence of three Aspergillus species to the model insect Galleria mellonella and the contribution of ergot alkaloids to the pathogenic potential of Aspergillus leporis

Opportunistically pathogenic fungi have varying potential to cause disease in animals. Factors contributing to their virulence include specialized metabolites, which is some cases evolved in contexts unrelated to pathogenesis. Specialized metabolites that increase fungal virulence in the model insect Galleria mellonella include the ergot alkaloids fumigaclavine C in Aspergillus fumigatus (syn. Neosartorya fumigata) and lysergic acid α-hydroxyethylamide (LAH) in the entomopathogen Metarhizium brunneum. Three species of Aspergillus recently found to accumulate high concentrations of LAH were investigated for their pathogenic potential in G. mellonella. Aspergillus leporis was most virulent, A. hancockii was intermediate, and A. homomorphus had very little pathogenic potential. Aspergillus leporis and A. hancockii emerged from and sporulated on dead insects, thus completing their asexual life cycles. Inoculation by injection resulted in more lethal infections than did topical inoculation, indicating A. leporis and A. hancockii were pre-adapted for insect pathogenesis but lacked an effective means to breach the insect's cuticle. All three species accumulated LAH in infected insects, with A. leporis accumulating the most. Concentrations of LAH in A. leporis were similar to those observed in the entomopathogen M. brunneum. LAH was eliminated from A. leporis through a CRISPR/Cas9-based gene knockout, and the resulting strain had reduced virulence to G. mellonella. The data indicate A. leporis and A. hancockii have considerable pathogenic potential and that LAH increases the virulence of A. leporis.

Potential contributions of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms to the distributions of nitrous oxide in the northern Bering Sea

<ul> <li> Basic GHGs data for the Bering Sea in CHINARE2016 </li> </ul>

Dataset for: Plasticity and genetic effects contribute to different axes of neural divergence in a community of mimetic Heliconius butterflies

Changes in ecological preference, often driven by spatial and temporal variation in resource distribution, can expose populations to environments with divergent information content. This can lead to adaptive changes in the degree to which individuals invest in sensory systems and downstream processes, to optimize behavioural performance in different contexts. At the same time, environmental conditions can produce plastic responses in nervous system development and maturation, providing an alternative route to integrating neural and ecological variation. Here, we explore how these two processes play out across a community of Heliconius butterflies. Heliconius communities exhibit multiple Mullerian mimicry rings, associated with habitat partitioning across environmental gradients. These environmental differences have previously been linked to heritable divergence in brain morphology in parapatric species pairs. They also exhibit a unique dietary adaptation, known as pollen feeding, that relies heavily on learning foraging routes, or trap-lines, between resources, which implies an important environmental influence on behavioural development. By comparing brain morphology across 133 wild-caught and insectary reared individuals from seven Heliconius species, we find strong evidence for interspecific variation in patterns of neural investment. These largely fall into two distinct patterns of variation; first, we find consistent patterns of divergence in the size of visual brain components across both wild and insectary reared individuals, suggesting genetically encoded divergence in the visual pathway. Second, we find interspecific differences in mushroom body size, a central component of learning and memory systems, but only among wild caught individuals. The lack of this effect in common-garden individuals suggests an extensive role for developmental plasticity in interspecific variation in the wild. Finally, we illustrate the impact of relatively small-scale spatial effects on mushroom body plasticity by performing experiments altering the cage size and structure experienced by individual H. hecale. Our data provide a comprehensive survey of community level variation in brain structure, and demonstrate that genetic effects and developmental plasticity contribute to different axes of interspecific neural variation.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Figure 3 in Contribution to the life history and morphology of the water mitePanisellus thienemanni (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hydryphantidae)

Figure 3 Records ofP. thienemanniin the Netherlands.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Figure 2 in Contribution to the life history and morphology of the water mitePanisellus thienemanni (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hydryphantidae)

Figure 2 The springtail Tomocerus minor with unengorged larvae of P. thienemanni. Larvae typi-

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Figure 1 in Contribution to the life history and morphology of the water mitePanisellus thienemanni (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hydryphantidae)

Figure 1 Dorsal view of an adult of Panisellus thienemannishowing the characteristic arrangement

Data from: Metrics for quantifying the contributions of different threats to Red Lists

The dataset contains data from four Norwegian Red Lists. Data included are the Red List Categories, reasons for change, and threats. These data were used to evaluate metrics for quantifying the contributions of different threats to Red Lists, described by <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14105">Sandvik & Pedersen (2023)</a>. The dataset contains six files: <ol> <li>species.csv (semicolon-delimited plain-text file with Red Lists for species)</li> <li>Species.pdf (explanations of species.csv)</li> <li>Species.xlsx (microsoft excel spreadsheet workbook with Red Lists for species)</li> <li>ecosyst.csv (semicolon-delimited plain-text file with the Red List for ecosystems)</li> <li>Ecosyst.pdf (explanations of ecosyst.csv)</li> <li>Ecosyst.xlsx (microsoft excel spreadsheet workbook with the Red List for ecosystems)</li> </ol> The excel workbooks contain the same information as the respective csv and pdf files combined. Columns, abbreviations etc. are explained in the excel and pdf files. Data were derived from the following sources, all published by the <a href="http://www.biodiversity.no">Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre</a>: <ul> <li>  <a href="http://www.artsportalen.artsdatabanken.no/">2010 Norwegian Red List for species</a></li> <li>  <a href="https://www.artsdatabanken.no/Rodlista2015">2015 Norwegian Red List for species</a></li> <li>  <a href="https://artsdatabanken.no/rodlistefornaturtyper">2018 Norwegian Red List for ecosystems and habitat types</a></li> <li>  <a href="https://artsdatabanken.no/lister/rodlisteforarter/2021">2021 Norwegian Red List for species</a></li> </ul> R code to analyse the dataset and reproduce the results of the paper is available on Zenodo via <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7843806">doi:10.5281/zenodo.7843806</a>.

Supporting isotopic data for: Amino acid isotope analysis reveals variation in gut microbial contribution to host protein metabolism in a wild small mammal community

Herbivory is a dominant feeding strategy among animals, yet herbivores are often protein limited. The gut microbiome is hypothesized to help maintain host protein balance by provisioning essential macromolecules, but this has never been tested in wild consumers. Using amino acid carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analysis, we estimated the proportional contributions of essential amino acids (AAESS) synthesized by gut microbes to five co-occurring desert rodents representing herbivorous, omnivorous, and insectivorous functional groups. We found that herbivorous rodents occupying lower trophic positions (Dipodomys spp.) routed a substantial proportion (~40–50%) of their AAESS from gut microbes, while higher trophic level omnivores (Peromyscus spp.) and insectivores (Onychomys arenicola) obtained most of their AAESS (~58%) from plant-based energy channels but still received ~20% of their AAESS from gut microbes. These findings empirically demonstrate that gut microbes play a key functional role in host protein metabolism in wild animals.

The contribution of Fe(III) reduction to soil carbon mineralization in montane meadows depends on soil chemistry, not parent material or microbial community

The long-term stability of soil carbon (C) is strongly influenced by organo-mineral interactions. Iron (Fe)-oxides can both inhibit microbial decomposition by providing physicochemical protection for organic molecules and enhance rates of C mineralization by serving as a terminal electron acceptor, depending on redox conditions. Restoration of floodplain hydrology in montane meadows has been proposed as a method of sequestering C for climate change mitigation. However, dissimilatory microbial reduction of Fe(III) could lead to C losses under increased reducing conditions. In this study, we explored variations in Fe-C interactions over a range of redox conditions and in soils derived from two distinct parent materials to elucidate biochemical and microbial controls on soil C cycling in Sierra Nevada montane meadows. Differences in parent material were associated with different rates of Fe(III) reduction at increasing soil moisture levels, but not with differences in soil C mineralization. Known Fe(III)-reducing taxa were present in all samples but neither the relative abundance nor richness of Fe(III) reducers corresponded with measured rates of Fe(III) reduction. Under reducing conditions, our results suggest that Fe(III) reduction contributes to C mineralization only when Fe-bound C is present. However, Fe-bound C was not present in all of our soils and was below theoretical limits for C sorption onto Fe-oxides where it was found. Overall, our results suggest that meadow-specific soil chemistry drives Fe-C interactions and that the impact of Fe on C cycling in montane meadows may be smaller than in other ecosystems.

Simulations for manuscript Unravelling the forcing and feedbacks contributing to Pliocene Arctic warming in EC-Earth simulations

Nine PlioMIP2 experiments were conducted to investigate the mid-Pliocene Arctic climate. These experiments considered three CO2 levels (280, 400 and 560 ppm), modern or Pliocene ice sheet conditions in Greenland and Antarctica and either prescribed or dynamic vegetation. Simulations were performed by the EC-Earth3-LR Veg climate model with a horizontal resolution of ~1.125°. The dataset contains selected output data from the simulations. Simulations were run for 1000 years. The last 200 years were used for analysis after the model reached an equilibrium as measured by global surface air temperature trend less than 0.05 K per century.  The dataset contains Earth system model results from EC-Earth3 presented in the study by Power et al. (2023).

Dataset related to article "MiR-146a in ALS: Contribution to Early Peripheral Nerve Degeneration and Relevance as Disease Biomarker"

Raw data supporting results of the study mentioned at title

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Figure 1 Locality and habitat ofEpimerella kalmykorum n in Taxonomic contribution to the knowledge of the oribatid mite family Epimerellidae (Acari, Oribatida, Oppioidea)

Figure 1 Locality and habitat ofEpimerella kalmykorum n. sp.: A, B – general views of floodplain

Promiscuity and quantitative contribution of UGT2B17 in drug and steroid metabolism determined by experimental and computational approaches

Input and parameter files used for the publication "Promiscuity and quantitative contribution of UGT2B17 in drug and steroid metabolism determined by experimental and computational approaches" #1. Smile notations of UGT2B17 substrates and non-substrates #2. Pharmacophore(.ph4) hypothesis files for representative compounds; Dicofenac, vorinostat and carvedilol. #3. Simulation input files - topology and molecular dynamics parameters (Vorinostat as a representative example).

Soil fungal communities contribute to the positive diversity-productivity relationship of tree communities under contrasting water availability

Plant diversity has often been linked to increased productivity; however, this apparent diversity-productivity relationship may rely on inter-trophic interactions such as those between plants and soil microbes. Soil fungi can create complementarity between plant species via altered plant resource partitioning, facilitation via fungal networks, or biotic feedbacks, thereby promoting plant diversity-productivity relationships. Furthermore, these relationships are likely to be context-dependent in response to resource availability. We used a biodiversity-ecosystem function experiment with trees exposed to high and low water availability treatments to determine the contribution of soil fungal communities to the diversity-productivity relationship in tree communities. We used amplicon sequencing of soil fungi to assess fungal richness, community composition, and richness of functional guilds. We then applied structural equation modelling to determine relationships between tree diversity, fungal communities, and tree productivity and the role of water availability in these relationships. Tree species richness and functional diversity both increased above-ground tree productivity and influenced soil fungal community composition. Fungal community composition had a direct impact on tree productivity and enhanced net diversity effects on productivity. Therefore, fungal communities mediated a positive, indirect effect of tree richness on productivity. While total fungal richness was not associated with tree diversity, pathogen richness decreased and mycorrhizal richness increased with tree richness. Pathogen and mycorrhizal richness had either no impact or a weak negative effect on productivity. Tree species traits strongly affected fungal communities and these changes promoted productivity. Finally, water availability greatly influenced fungal communities but did not interact with tree diversity to affect productivity; indicating possible resilience of tree communities to altered precipitation regimes and associated changes in fungal communities. Synthesis: Our study highlights the crucial role that fungal communities play in shaping the relationship between tree diversity, traits, and productivity, and resilience to altered water availability.