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FIGURE 2. a in Phylogenetic position of Dendropsophus gaucheri (Lescure and Marty 2000) highlights the need for an in-depth investigation of the phylogenetic relationships of Dendropsophus (Anura: Hylidae)

FIGURE 2. a. Picture of an uncollected calling male taken in Sipaliwini, Suriname. b. specimen from Oriximiná voucher ZUEC 17682 (18.84mm) the white bar stands for 1cm; c. dorsal and ventral view of a preserved specimen from Campos de Ariramba, PA, Brazil, voucher MZUSP 54055 (20mm). The white bar stands for 1cm.

FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic position of Dendropsophus gaucheri (Lescure and Marty 2000) highlights the need for an in-depth investigation of the phylogenetic relationships of Dendropsophus (Anura: Hylidae)

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Dendropsophus hypothesized from Bayesian analysis using 808 bp of combined mtDNA sequences (12S+16S). Nodal supports represent BA posterior probabilities (*100) and MP bootstrap values (in %). Posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 and bootstrap values ≥ 95% are indicated with * and "-" are used to indicate bootstrap support <50%. The map illustrates the six known localities of occurrence of D. gaucheri with in filled black the populations included in the molecular dataset and in open circles the two other populations in Pará, one reported by Avila-Pires et al. (2010) and one represented by specimens in the MZUSP collection that were newly identified.

FIGURE 2 in The identity of Paratrizygia conformis Tonnoir (Diptera, Mycetophilidae), with comments on its systematic position

FIGURE 2. Paratrizygia conformis Tonnoir, holotype. Male terminalia, lateral view. Scale 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Ce, cercus; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostyle; S8, sternite 8; T8, tergite 8; T9, tergite 9.

FIGURE 3. Paratrizygia conformis Tonnoir. Male terminalia, lateral view. Scale 0.2 in The identity of Paratrizygia conformis Tonnoir (Diptera, Mycetophilidae), with comments on its systematic position

FIGURE 3. Paratrizygia conformis Tonnoir. Male terminalia, lateral view. Scale 0.2. Abbreviations: Ce, cercus; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostyle; T8, tergite 8; T9, tergite 9; tsp tergite 9 spines.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Zoniopoda Stål (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Romaleidae) from Argentina and its phylogenetic position within the genus

FIGURE 5. Some morphological characters used in the phylogenetic analysis are indicated with arrows. A–C, phallic complex without epiphallus, lateral view: A, Z. serrana, B, D. cribratus, C, C. speciosa; D–F, epiphallus, frontal view: D, Z. serrana, E, D. cribratus, F, C. speciosa.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Zoniopoda Stål (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Romaleidae) from Argentina and its phylogenetic position within the genus

FIGURE 4. Some morphological characters used in the phylogenetic analysis are indicated with arrows. A–C, male habitus, lateral view: A, Z. serrana n. sp., B, D. cribratus, C, C. speciosa; D–I, male head and pronotum, dorsal and lateral views: D,G, Z. serrana, E,H, D. cribratus, F,I, C. speciosa; J–L, male abdominal terminalia, dorsal view: J, Z. serrana, K, D. cribratus, L, C. speciosa.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Zoniopoda Stål (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Romaleidae) from Argentina and its phylogenetic position within the genus

FIGURE 3. Most parsimonious tree of the genus Zoniopoda (length 56, consistency index = 0 85, retention index = 0 80) resulting from the cladistic analysis of the unordered morphological character dataset. Black circles indicate unique changes, and white circles indicate homoplasies. The numbers below the nodes are bootstrap support, and those above are Bremer support.

FIGURE 2. A–I, Z. serrana A in A new species of Zoniopoda Stål (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Romaleidae) from Argentina and its phylogenetic position within the genus

FIGURE 2. A–I, Z. serrana A, male habitus (scale bar = 1 cm); B, head and pronotum, lateral view; C, male abdominal terminalia, dorsal view; D, phallic complex without epiphallus, lateral view; E, phallic complex without epiphallus, dorsal view; F, H, epiphalus, frontal view; G, I, epiphalus, dorsal view.

FIGURE 4. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867, colony morphotypes with A in Phylogenetic position and systematics of the bryozoan Tennysonia: further evidence for convergence and plasticity in skeletal morphology among cyclostome bryozoans

FIGURE 4. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867, colony morphotypes with A, narrow branches, (SAM A28765) and B, broad branches (SAM A28766). RIY Bank, Port Elizabeth. Scale bars 10 mm.

FIGURE 1. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867 in Phylogenetic position and systematics of the bryozoan Tennysonia: further evidence for convergence and plasticity in skeletal morphology among cyclostome bryozoans

FIGURE 1. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867, photographs of fragments of bleached colonies. A, colony with relatively narrow, bifurcating and anastomosing branches, NHMUK 72.8.6.5, Natal; B, fragment of specimen figured by Busk (1875, pl. 31, fig. 6), NHMUK 75.5.29.63, Natal; C, flabellate colony morphotype with delayed separation of bifurcating branches, NHMUK 2003.10.27.13, Groot Bank, Plettenberg Bay. Scale bars: A, C: 5 mm; B: 1 mm.

FIGURE 3. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867, scanning electron micrographs showing skeletal morphology. A–C, SAM A28766 in Phylogenetic position and systematics of the bryozoan Tennysonia: further evidence for convergence and plasticity in skeletal morphology among cyclostome bryozoans

FIGURE 3. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867, scanning electron micrographs showing skeletal morphology. A–C, SAM A28766, RIY Bank, Port Elizabeth. A, transverse series of autozooidal apertures separated by smaller kenozooidal apertures on left frontolateral branch surface with exterior wall of branch dorsal surface visible in lower left; B, detail of apertures showing spines; C, spine developed at triple junction between three interzooidal walls which have an ultrastructural fabric of transverse fibres (right). D, E, SAM A28765, RIY Bank, Port Elizabeth. D, transition from free-walled (left) to fixed-walled organization (right); E, enlargement showing sheet-like exterior wall (arrowed) covering kenozooidal apertures. F, NHMUK 2003.10.27.7, Groot Bank, Plettenberg Bay, rows of autozooidal apertures separated by exterior wall calcification in fixed-walled branch. G, H, NHMUK 2003.10.27.13, Groot Bank, Plettenberg Bay. G, development of exterior wall calcification, at varying levels relative to vertical interzooidal walls, over kenozooids and most of the autozooids (apart from 5 apertures which remain open); H, lobes of exterior wall calcification extending between autozooidal series. I–L. NHMUK 34.10.20.4, Port Elizabeth. I, apertures closed by exterior wall calcification, one occluded autozooid having a small central dimple; note apertural spines standing up above level of exterior walls (top right); J, gonozooid with broken brood chamber roof; K, lobate brood chamber roof (left) with denser pseudopores than exterior walls covering kenozooids (lower right); L, detail of pseudopores from brood chamber roof, some partly closed by spines. Scale bars: A, D, G, H: 500 µm; B, E: 100 µm; C, L: 20 µm; F, I, K: 200 µm; J: 1 mm.

FIGURE 2. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867 in Phylogenetic position and systematics of the bryozoan Tennysonia: further evidence for convergence and plasticity in skeletal morphology among cyclostome bryozoans

FIGURE 2. Tennysonia stellata Busk, 1867, scanning electron micrographs of distal branches showing variations in skeletal organization. A, branch comprising entirely free-walled zooids, SAM A28766, RIY Banks, Port Elizabeth; B, branch with freewalled organization distally but becoming fixed-walled at level of arrow by development of calcified exterior over the kenozooidal apertures, SAM A28765, RIY Bank, Port Elizabeth; C, branch comprising entirely fixed-walled zooids, NHMUK 2003.10.27.7, Groot Bank, Plettenberg Bay. Scale bars: A, B: 1 mm; C: 500 µm.

FIGURE 5 in Phylogenetic position and systematics of the bryozoan Tennysonia: further evidence for convergence and plasticity in skeletal morphology among cyclostome bryozoans

FIGURE 5. Combined ssrDNA and lsrDNA molecular tree showing the phylogenetic position of Tennysonia stellata (narrow- and broad-branched morphs) within the cyclostome bryozoans. Traditional, morphologically based suborders are given on the right.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from the La Plata River basin, southern Brazil, with comments on its putative phylogenetic position (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

FIGURE 5. Inferred phylogenetic relationships of Trichomycterus perkos and related congeners. Characters (from Wosiacki & de Pinna, 2008a, 2008b) numbered as in Discussion.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from the La Plata River basin, southern Brazil, with comments on its putative phylogenetic position (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

FIGURE 2. Lateral view of presumable juveniles of Trichomycterus perkos. (A) Medium-sized paratype, MCP 31776, 43.3 mm SL; (B) second smallest paratype, MCP 31764, 17.9 mm SL. Specimens represented in scale.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from the La Plata River basin, southern Brazil, with comments on its putative phylogenetic position (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

FIGURE 1. Trichomycterus perkos, holotype, MCP 46679, 93.5 mm SL; Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul State, Passo Fundo Municipality; Uruguai River basin, Passo Fundo River.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from the La Plata River basin, southern Brazil, with comments on its putative phylogenetic position (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

FIGURE 4. Type localities of Trichomycterus perkos. (A) Unnamed stream tributary of Erechim River, Passo Fundo River basin, São Valentim Municipality, Rio Grande do Sul State (MCP 46701); (B) unnamed stream tributary of Sepultura Streamlet, affluent of reservoir of the Passo Fundo Hydroelectric Power Plant, Campinas do Sul Municipality, Rio Grande do Sul State (MCP 46711).

FIGURE 3 in A new species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from the La Plata River basin, southern Brazil, with comments on its putative phylogenetic position (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of the Trichomycterus perkos. Red circle, holotype; yellow circles, paratypes. Each symbol may represent more than one lot.

FIGURES 4–7 in Systematic position of the monotypic Azorean genus Falbouria Dyte with notes on the definition of Chrysotus Meigen (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

FIGURES 4–7. Falbouria acorensis (Parent). 4–5, male hypopygium: 4, left lateral. 5, ventral. 6–7, female oviscapt: 6, dorsal. 7, lateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 1–3 in Systematic position of the monotypic Azorean genus Falbouria Dyte with notes on the definition of Chrysotus Meigen (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

FIGURES 1–3. Falbouria acorensis (Parent). 1, male habitus. 2–3, wings: 2, male. 3, female. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.