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FIGURE 1 in First record of Archanara neurica (Hübner, 1808) from the Iberian Peninsula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) according to DNA barcoding and internal male genitalia
FIGURE 1. Known distribution of A. neurica in the Western Palaearctic from GBIF (only verified records), BOLD and own records. The map was generated using www.simplemappr.net.
FIGURE 2 in First record of Archanara neurica (Hübner, 1808) from the Iberian Peninsula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) according to DNA barcoding and internal male genitalia
FIGURE 2. Adult specimens of Archanara neurica (Hübner, [1808])- A. Nominotypical form collected in the saltmarshes of Adventus near Trebujena, Cádiz, Spain, 20-V-2021; B. f. fusca Edelstein, 1911 collected in the saltmarshes of Adventus near Trebujena, Cádiz, Spain, 20-V-2021.
Diversity investigation by application of DNA barcoding: a case study of lepidopteran insects in Xinjiang wild fruit forests, China
<p><span>To investigate the species diversity of lepidopteran insects in Xinjiang wild fruit forests, establish insect community monitoring systems and determine the local species pool, we test the applicability of DNA barcoding based on </span><span>cytochrome c oxidase subunit I</span><span> (COI) gene for accurate and rapid identification of insect species</span><span>. From 2017 to 2019, a total of 212 samples with ambiguous morphological identification were selected for DNA barcoding analysis. Five sequence-based methods for species delimitation (ABGD, BINs, GMYC, jMOTU and bPTP) were conducted for comparison to traditional morphology-based identification. In total, 2,422 samples were recorded, representing 143 species of 110 genera in 17 families in Lepidoptera. The diversity analysis showed that the richness indices for Noctuidae was the highest (54 species), and for Pterophoridae, Cossidae, Limacodidae, Lasiocampidae, Pieridae and Lycaenidae were the lowest (all with 1 species). The Shannon-Wiener species diversity index (H') and Pielou's evenness (J') of lepidopteran insects first increased and then decreased across these three years, while the Simpson diversity index showed a trend of subtracted-then-added. For molecular-based identification, 67 lepidopteran species within 61 genera in 14 families were identified through DNA barcoding. Neighbor Joining (NJ) analysis showed that conspecific individuals were clustered together and formed monophyletic groups with a high support value, except for Lacanobia contigua (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Noctuidae: Hadeninae). Sixty-seven morphospecies were classified into various numbers of MOTUs based on ABGD, BINs, GMYC, jMOTU and bPTP (70, 96, 2, 71, and 71, respectively). In Xinjiang wild fruit forests, the family with the largest number of species is Noctuidae, followed by Geometridae, Crambidae, and the remaining families. The highest Shannon diversity index is observed for the family Noctuidae. Our results indicate that the distance-based methods (ABGD and jMOTU) and character-based method (bPTP) outperform GMYC. BINs is inclined to overestimate species diversity compared to other methods.</span></p>
FIGURE 50 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 50. Stegana (Steganina) menghai Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B, C. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; D, E. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; F. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 44 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 44. Stegana (Steganina) hirticlavata Cui & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 42 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 42. Female terminalia in Stegana (Steganina) glaucopalpula Cui & Chen, sp. nov. (A–C), S. (S.) idiasta Cui & Chen, sp. nov. (D–F), and S. (S.) labao Cui & Chen, sp. nov. (G–I). A, D, G. Epiproct and cercus in dorsal view; B, E, H. Eighth sternite in ventral view; C, F, I. Hypoproct in ventral view.
FIGURE 51 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 51. Stegana (Steganina) menglian Li & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 54 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 54. Stegana (Steganina) nayun Li & Chen, sp. nov., male (A–G) and female terminalia (H–J). A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view; H. Epiproct and cercus in dorsal view; I. Eighth sternite in ventral view; J. Hypoproct in ventral view.
FIGURE 47 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 47. Stegana (Steganina) latifoliacea Wang & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 62 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 62. Stegana (Steganina) simola Cui & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 38 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 38. Stegana (Steganina) flavipes Li & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 40 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 40. Stegana (Steganina) fusca Li & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B, C. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; D, E. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; F. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 36 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 36. Stegana (Steganina) dendrophila Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B, C. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, phallapodeme, and aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; D. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 33 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 33. Stegana (Steganina) cucullata Li & Chen, sp. nov. from Baoxing, Sichuan, China (A–G) and Jiangjin, Chongqing, China (H–N), male terminalia. A, H. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B, I. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D, J, K. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F, L M. Aedeagal sheath in ventral
FIGURE 32 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 32. Stegana (Steganina) cornuta Li & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 34 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 34. Stegana (Steganina) cultella Cui & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 31 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 31. Stegana (Steganina) cordhirsuta Wang & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B, C. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; D. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 30 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 30. Stegana (Steganina) cinereipecta Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus
FIGURE 49 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 49. Stegana (Steganina) mailangang Li & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
FIGURE 43 in Revision of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) from China, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
FIGURE 43. Stegana (Steganina) haba Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Epandrium, surstylus, and cercus in lateral view; B. Surstylus in ventral view; C, D. Hypandrium, pregonite, aedeagus, and phallapodeme in ventral and lateral views; E, F. Aedeagal sheath in ventral and lateral views; G. Subepandrial sclerite in ventral view.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.