Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
4,753
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
4,753 results for “SHAPE”
Regional climates shape the biogeographic history of a broadly distributed freshwater crab species complex
<p>Aim: The evolutionary importance of paleoclimate regimes has been noted in biogeographic studies. However, little is known about how paleoclimate differences shaped the biogeographic pattern and diversification history of the freshwater fauna in important zoogeographical boundary regions. Here, we aim to investigate how past regional climatic differences have shaped the biogeographic history of the inland aquatic fauna in China using an endemic freshwater crab species complex found on both sides of the Qinling Mountains–Huaihe River Line (QHL), a critical ecological boundary in eastern China, as a model system.</p> <p>Location: Eastern China, the Qinling Mountains–Huaihe River Line.</p> <p>Taxon: The <em>Sinopotamon yangtsekiense</em> species complex.</p> <p>Methods: A total of 482 individuals of <em>Sinopotamon yangtsekiense</em> sensu lato were collected from 34 localities throughout its entire distributional range. The phylogeographic analyses of population structure, morphological and genetic variations, and demographic dynamics were made based on multiple mtDNA and nuDNA loci and on morphological traits. Fine-tuned ecological niche modeling was used to reconstruct the location of climatically suitable areas that existed during the Last Glacial Maximum.</p> <p>Results: The divergence of two freshwater crab lineages across the QHL correlated with significant past variations in monsoon intensity and with the location of multiple refuges. The divergence time was broadly consistent with the timing of the critical paleoclimate transition event in the mid-Pleistocene (95% HPD, 0.48–1.06 Ma). Each freshwater crab lineage has evolved distinct male genital traits associated with their isolation in areas with different precipitation rates and temperatures in the past. The patterns of crab distribution observed today reflect past contractions of the two lineages in response to glacial and interglacial cycles during the Pleistocene, followed by their subsequent rapid expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum (~15 kya).</p> <p>Main conclusions: Populations of the widespread species <em>Sinopotamon yangtsekiense</em> s.l. experienced a deep division in the past that led to the phylogeographical isolation observed today. The two main drivers of genetic isolation in this taxon were (a) differences in the intensity of the monsoons on each side of the QHL boundary during the mid-Pleistocene, and (b) isolation of different populations of <em>S. yangtsekiense</em> s.l. in a number of separate refuges during the LGM.</p>
FIGURE5.Nannopus robustus sp.nov. (holotype ♂). A, anal somite and caudal rami, dorsal (cylindrical shape arrowed); B, anal somite and caudal rami, ventral (cylindrical shape arrowed); C, anal somite and caudal ramus, lateral (cylindrical shape arrowed); D, P2 (recurved spine arrowed); E, P2 endopod. in -On- two- new- species- of- Nannopus- Brady,- 1880- (Copepoda:- Harpacticoida Nannopodidae)-from-intertidal-mudflats-of-the-Korean-west-coast-(Yellow-Sea)
FIGURE5.Nannopus robustus sp.nov. (holotype ♂). A, anal somite and caudal rami, dorsal (cylindrical shape arrowed); B, anal somite and caudal rami, ventral (cylindrical shape arrowed); C, anal somite and caudal ramus, lateral (cylindrical shape arrowed); D, P2 (recurved spine arrowed); E, P2 endopod.
Data from: Living, dead, and absent trees - How do moth outbreaks shape small-scale patterns of soil organic matter stocks and dynamics at the Subarctic mountain birch treeline?
<p>Mountain birch forests (<i>B. pubescens</i> Ehrh. ssp. <i>czerepanovii</i>) at the subarctic treeline not only benefit from global warming, but are also increasingly affected by caterpillar outbreaks from foliage-feeding geometrid moths. Both of these factors have unknown consequences on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and biogeochemical cycles. We measured SOC stocks down to the bedrock under living trees and under two stages of dead trees (12 and 55 years since moth outbreak) and treeless tundra in northern Finland. We also measured in-situ soil respiration, potential SOC decomposability, biological (enzyme activities, microbial biomass), and chemical (N, mineral N, pH) soil properties. SOC stocks were significantly higher under living trees (4.1±2.1 kg m²) than in the treeless tundra (2.4±0.6 kg m²), and remained at an elevated level even 12 (3.7±1.7 kg m²) and 55 years (4.9±3.0 kg m²) after tree death. Effects of tree status on SOC stocks decreased with increasing distance from the tree and with increasing depth, i.e. a significant effect of tree status was found in the organic layer, but not in mineral soil. Soil under living trees was characterized by higher mineral N contents, microbial biomass, microbial activity, and soil respiration compared with the treeless tundra; soils under dead trees were intermediate between these two. The results suggest accelerated organic matter turnover under living trees but a positive net effect on SOC stocks. Slowed organic matter turnover and continuous supply of deadwood may explain why SOC stocks remained elevated under dead trees, despite the heavy decrease in aboveground C stocks. We conclude that the increased occurrence of moth damage with climate change would have minor effects on SOC stocks, but ultimately decrease ecosystem C stocks (49% within 55 years in this area), if the mountain birch forests will not be able to recover from the outbreaks.</p>
FIGURES 1–5. Dicronychus brancuccii 1. Frons. 2. Prosternum with V-shaped suture. 3. Habitus. 4. Male genitalia, dorsal. 5 in Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Dicronychus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
FIGURES 1–5. Dicronychus brancuccii 1. Frons. 2. Prosternum with V-shaped suture. 3. Habitus. 4. Male genitalia, dorsal. 5. Bursa copulatrix sclerite.
FIGURES 12–15. Dicronychus talhouki. 12. Claw. 13. Prosternum without V-shaped suture. 14. Habitus, 15. Male genitalia, dorsal.16 in Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Dicronychus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
FIGURES 12–15. Dicronychus talhouki. 12. Claw. 13. Prosternum without V-shaped suture. 14. Habitus, 15. Male genitalia, dorsal.16. Bursa copulatrix sclerite.
Divergent growth-differentiation balance strategies and resource competition shape mortality patterns in ponderosa pine
<p><span>Dynamic resource availability leads to trade-offs among functions in plants. The growth-differentiation balance hypothesis (GDBH) predicts greater allocation of carbon to defense than growth when resources are scarce; with optimum defense production occurring at a point between the minimum and maximum growth rates. While the GDBH has been widely tested, consideration of phenotypic variation in rates for which defense is traded for growth and what this variation means for plant resistance remains rare. For defense, pines produce and store oleoresin in "resin ducts." Retrospective comparisons of resin ducts in pines have revealed that trees with greater numbers, sizes, or areas of xylem resin ducts are more likely to avoid or survive insect attacks. We used tree ring chronologies to quantify phenotypic variation in growth and resin duct defenses in pairs of living and bark beetle-killed <em>Pinus ponderosa</em> trees in southern New Mexico, USA, and to test the utility of the GDBH for explaining tree mortality. We also assessed the sensitivity of annual growth to climate and competitor density in years preceding mortality in each pair. Survivors had greater growth rates and total cross-sectional areas of resin ducts than trees killed by bark beetles. We did not observe a difference in climate-growth relationships among the groups, however, trees killed by bark beetles suffered negative effects of competition while survivors did not. Growth-defense trade-offs conformed to the GDBH's prediction of a quadratic relationship, however, the two groups significantly differed in the rate at which defense was traded for increasing levels of annual growth.<em> </em> Our results demonstrate that phenotypic variation in the trade-off between growth and defense could be used to characterize trees that were killed by or survived recent natural enemy epidemics. We hypothesize that the GDBH could be integrated with the characterization of phenotypic variation in growth-differentiation strategies—along with parsing of gene versus environment influences on phenotypes—at both local and landscape scales to increase our understanding of patterns of natural enemy impacts in plant populations.</span></p>
Figure 7 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 7. Significant PGLS regression plots for proximal partial femur performed on shape data and log-transformed centroid size (CS) (A), log-transformed cubic root of mean body mass (BM) (B), log-transformed mean gracility index (GIMT3) (C). Point colour code follows Figure 1. Point size is proportional to mean log CS of each species. On the right, shapes associated with minimum and maximum fitted values (top row) and colour maps of the location and intensity of the shape deformation (bottom row). Blue: minimum value of the regression. Orange: maximum value of the regression. For each bone, the shape associated with the minimum was coloured depending on its distance to the shape associated with the maximum (blue indicates a low deformation intensity and red indicates a high deformation intensity). Orientation from left to right in each case: caudal, lateral, cranial and medial.
Figure 4 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 4. Results of the PCA performed on morphometric data of the complete femur and shape variation associated with the first axis of the PCA (cranial view). Blue: negative side of the axis. Orange: positive side of the axis. Phylogenetic relationships are plotted in the morphospace. Colour codes follow Figure 1 and abbreviations follow Table 1. Point size is proportional to the mean log centroid size of each species.
Figure 10 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 10. Significant PGLS regression plots for tibia performed on shape data and log-transformed cubic root of mean body mass (BM) (A), log-transformed mean gracility index (GI-MT3) (B), and fibula performed on shape data and logtransformed mean gracility index (GI-MT3) (C). Point colour code follows Figure 1. Point size is proportional to mean log CS of each species. On the right, shapes associated with minimum and maximum fitted values (top row) and colour maps of the location and intensity of the shape deformation (bottom row). Blue: minimum value of the regression. Orange: maximum value of the regression. For each bone, the shape associated with the minimum was coloured depending on its distance to the shape associated with the maximum (blue indicates a low deformation intensity and red indicates a high deformation intensity). Orientation from left to right in each case: caudal, lateral, cranial and medial.
Figure 3 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 3. Neighbour Joining trees computed on all PC scores obtained from the PCAs performed on shape data. Colour codes follow Figure 1 and abbreviations follow Table 1. Point size is proportional to the mean log centroid size of each species. A, complete femur; B, proximal partial femur; C, distal partial femur; D, tibia; E, fibula.
Figure 6 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 6. Results of the PCA performed on morphometric data of proximal partial femur (A) and distal partial femur (B) and shape variation associated with the first two axes of the PCA (caudal view). Blue: negative side of the axis. Orange: positive side of the axis. Phylogenetic relationships are plotted in the morphospace. Colour codes follow Figure 1 and abbreviations follow Table 1. Point size is proportional to the mean log centroid size of each species.
Figure 2 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 2. Evolution of BM and GI-MT3 along the phylogeny for the studied species. Left: mean BM. Right: mean GI-MT3. Computations were made on the log-transformed cubic root of mean BM and the log-transformed GI-MT3. Values at nodes and along branches were reconstructed based on a Brownian Motion model of evolution (Revell, 2012). Colour codes for taxa follow Figure 1. Evolution of the third metatarsal shape depending on the GI-MT3 value is illustrated by specimens Hyrachyus eximius AMNH FM 12675 (minimum) and Teleoceras fossiger YPM VP 039358 (maximum).
Figure 9 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 9. Results of the PCA performed on morphometric data of tibia (A) and fibula (B) and shape variation associated with the first two axes of the PCA (caudal view). Blue: negative side of the axis. Orange: positive side of the axis. Phylogenetic relationships are plotted in the morphospace. Colour codes follow Figure 1 and abbreviations follow Table 1. Point size is proportional to the mean log centroid size of each species.
Figure 8 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 8. Significant PGLS regression plot for distal partial femur performed on shape data and log-transformed mean gracility index (GI-MT3). Point colour code follows Figure 1. Point size is proportional to mean log CS of each species. On the right, shapes associated with minimum and maximum fitted values (top row) and colour maps of the location and intensity of the shape deformation (bottom row). Blue: minimum value of the regression. Orange: maximum value of the regression. For each bone, the shape associated with the minimum was coloured depending on its distance to the shape associated with the maximum (blue indicates a low deformation intensity and red indicates a high deformation intensity). Orientation from left to right: caudal, lateral, cranial and medial.
Figure 11 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 11. Evolution of centroid size (CS) along the phylogeny for the studied species. A, distal partial femur; B, tibia; C, fibula. The cladogram used here is the same composite one as used in Figure 1. Computations were made on log-transformed CS. Values at nodes and along branches were reconstructed based on a Brownian Motion model of evolution (Revell, 2012). Colour codes for taxa follow Figure 1.
Figure 12 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 12. Schematic summary of the relations between bone shape and the different variables tested in this work and in Mallet et al. (2022). Blue indicates a shape variation dominated by evolutionary legacy over other parameters. Red indicates a shape variation mainly dominated by brachypody and/or body mass over other parameters. This relative influence is based on the results obtained through the NJ trees, the PCA and the regression plots of the PGLS described in the previous chapters. The size of the font and arrows for each variable is proportional to its relation with the shape for each bone or part of bone based on the overall previous results. Faded colours on the hindlimb indicate a lower association with body mass in general. Bones modified from Archeozoo.org under the Creative Commons license.
Figure 5 in Adaptation to graviportality in Rhinocerotoidea? An investigation through the long bone shape variation in their hindlimb
Figure 5. Significant PGLS regression plots for complete femur performed on shape data and log-transformed centroid size (CS) (A), log-transformed cubic root of mean body mass (BM) (B), log-transformed mean gracility index (GI-MT3) (C). Point colour code follows Figure 1. Point size is proportional to mean log CS of each species. On the right, shapes associated with minimum and maximum fitted values (top row) and colour maps of the location and intensity of the shape deformation (bottom row). Blue: minimum value of the regression. Orange: maximum value of the regression. For each bone, the shape associated with the minimum was coloured depending on its distance to the shape associated with the maximum (blue indicates a low deformation intensity and red indicates a high deformation intensity). Orientation from left to right in each case: caudal, lateral, cranial and medial.
Shape coordinates and centroid size for adults and ontogenetic series analyzed in predictable complexity of evolutionary allometry
<p>Allometry has been a paradigm of constraints, including intrinsic constraints on the evolvability of allometry, as a source of developmental and genetic constraints on the evolution of form, and of functional constraints, maintaining functional equivalence as body size evolves. Yet, allometry may be the simplest case of varied constraints, and of morphological integration, even though allometry itself is not simple. Evolutionary allometry may be especially complex because it depends not only on the developmental origins of allometry and determinants of allometric variation but also on the evolutionary dynamics of size and shape. It should also depend on the ecological opportunity for size-dependent ecomorphological specialization. We predict that lineages that converge in those would exhibit similar evolutionary allometries but otherwise, evolutionary allometries would be heterogeneous. Countering this expectation are familiar craniofacial evolutionary allometries, often ascribed to developmental bias. To test both those hypotheses, we compare evolutionary allometries of mandibles across lineages of squirrels and evolutionary to growth allometries. As expected, lineages that converge on size-dependent specializations exhibit similar evolutionary allometries, but otherwise, their allometries are no more similar than expected by chance. Growth allometries of squirrels (and a cricetid rodent) slightly resemble the evolutionary allometry of one lineage, but growth allometries of species from other lineages are orthogonal to their own lineages' evolutionary allometry. We would expect that craniofacial allometries that are not brain-driven would, like mandibular evolutionary allometries, be predictable only from size-dependent ecological specializations.</p>
Code and data for "Coupling cell shape and velocity leads to oscillation and circling in keratocyte galvanotaxis"
<p>Code and data to reproduce "Coupling cell shape and velocity leads to oscillation and circling in keratocyte galvanotaxis" Biophys. J. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.021">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.021</a></p>
Supplementary material 3 from: Campana L, Cruz LR, Paresque R, Fagundes V (2022) Penile shape discriminates two cryptic species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Mammalia, Rodentia, Cricetidae) from eastern Brazil. ZooKeys 1134: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.89587
Comparing data from A. cursor individuals from Pernambuco (ACUPE) and A. montensis from São Paulo (AMOSP)
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.