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opennotspecifiedMay 2011View details →

Figure 1 in Recent evolutionary history of the Iberian endemic lizards Podarcis bocagei (Seoane, 1884) and Podarcis carbonelli Pérez-Mellado, 1981 (Squamata: Lacertidae) revealed by allozyme and microsatellite markers

Figure 1. Distribution and localities analysed in this study for Podarcis bocagei (dark grey, circles) and Podarcis carbonelli (light grey, squares) (A), and median-joining networks of mtDNA haplotypes for P. bocagei (B) and P. carbonelli (C) reproduced from Pinho et al., 2007a. Dashed lines indicate the mtDNA groups and corresponding geographical distributions in P. carbonelli. Locality codes and sampling details are given in Table 1. Notice that the distribution shown for P. carbonelli is based on a 20 km buffer of occupied 10 ¥ 10 km UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) squares and is therefore amplified compared to that in Pinho et al., 2007a. This was necessary in order to visualize geographical patterns of genetic variation (see Material and methods).

opennotspecifiedNov 2009View details →

Figure 5 in Epidermal glands in cordylid lizards, with special reference to generation glands

Figure 5. Scatter plots of generation glands in males and females of Cordylus cataphractus for (A) an inland population (Cederberg) and (B) a coastal population (Graafwater).

opennotspecifiedNov 2009View details →

Figure 3 in Epidermal glands in cordylid lizards, with special reference to generation glands

Figure 3. Photographs of generation glands. A, femoral region (all cordylid species) and inguinal region (Pseudocordylus microlepidotus). B, dorsal body (P. microlepidotus). C, enlarged scales on the front leg of Cordylus giganteus.

opennotspecifiedNov 2009View details →

Figure 2 in Epidermal glands in cordylid lizards, with special reference to generation glands

Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationships in the Cordylidae (as determined by Frost et al. (2001)). Names of grounddwelling species are boxed, and lineages in which females lack both femoral and generation glands are set in bold.

Figure 3 in Natural history of the spot-tailed earless lizards (Holbrookia lacerata and H. subcaudalis)

Figure 3. Distribution of median movement and home range estimates for adult female and male Holbrookia lacerata (HOLA) and H. subcaudalis (HOSU) in Crockett County and Laughlin Air Force Base, respectively. Abbreviations follow Table 2.

Figure 2 in Natural history of the spot-tailed earless lizards (Holbrookia lacerata and H. subcaudalis)

Figure 2. Number of total and positive surveys for Holbrookia lacerata (left) and H. subcaudalis (right) in Texas by month.

Figure 4 in Natural history of the spot-tailed earless lizards (Holbrookia lacerata and H. subcaudalis)

Figure 4. Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling plot for (a) Holbrookia lacerata and (b) H. subcaudalis microhabitat comparisons. Open squares represent values of microhabitat variables measured at points used by lizards; closed circles represent available microhabitat measured along transects. Large circles represent 95% standard deviation ellipses with the dotted line encircling used points and the solid line encircling available points. Distance-to-road is abbreviated as DistRd.

Figure 1 in Natural history of the spot-tailed earless lizards (Holbrookia lacerata and H. subcaudalis)

Figure 1. Current and historic distribution of Holbrookia lacerata (A; top photo of male) and H. subcaudalis (B; bottom photo of male) in Texas. Black stars indicate the study areas for each species. Photo credits: T.J. Hibbitts.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

dryad32/100

Seasonality in Kgalagadi lizards: inferences from legacy data

This data set compiles field and dietary data on Kagalagadi lizards, collected in 1969-70. The data are used in: Huey, R. B., D. B. Miles, and E. R. Pianka. 2021. Seasonality in Kgalagadi lizards: Inferences from llegacy data. American Natualist in press. This paper addresses whether legacy data -- or other data that had been gathered for unrelated purposes -- can be relevant to contemporary ecological issues. The data used here were gathered a half-century ago. Natural-history data were compiled for 18 species of Kgalagadi lizards and then used to explore aspects of the seasonal ecology of these lizards, emphasizing winter. The data include species, body size (snout-to-vent length, SVL in mm, mass in g), sex, date, time of day, body temperature (°C), air temperature (°C), and food volume (ml). These natural history data were not gathered with a study of seasonal ecology in mind but nonetheless inform diverse seasonal patterns for a major community of lizards. The paper discussed challenges and ambiguities in using repurposed data (whether recent or legacy).

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Data to accompany: Rapid body color change provides lizards with facultative crypsis in the eyes of their avian predators

Color change serves many antipredator functions and may allow animals to better match environments or disrupt outlines to prevent detection. Rapid color change could potentially provide camouflage to animals that frequently move among microhabitats. Determining the adaptiveness of whole-animal rapid color changes in natural habitats with respect to predator visual systems would greatly broaden our fundamental understanding of the evolution of rapid color change. We tested whether whole-body color change provides water anoles (Anolis aquaticus) with camouflage against avian predators, and whether these rapid changes allow them to shift between environment matching and edge disruption. We manipulated A. aquaticus placement in natural microhabitats and used digital image analysis to quantify color matching, pattern matching, and edge disruption produced by microhabitat-induced color change. Color change reduced lizard detectability to predators in microhabitat-specific ways. Environment matching was favored when lizards were in solid-colored microhabitats, regardless of exposure to predators. Edge disruption was instead induced by high exposure and varied by body region. We provide the first evidence that rapid color change permits a tetrapod to flexibly employ the most optimal camouflaging strategy by form (e.g., color matching vs. edge disruption) to minimize detection in the eyes of its predators.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

opennotspecifiedDec 2011View details →

FIGURE 1 in Eremias papenfussi sp. nov., a new lacertid lizard (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Tehran Province, Iran

FIGURE 1. Distribution map for endemic Eremias species known from the rocky mountain slopes of Iran. 1: E. lalezharica 2: E. montanus 3: E. novo 4: E. papenfussi.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of lizard in the genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from far northwest New Caledonia

FIGURE 2. Holotype (MNHN 2012.0225) of Caledoniscincus pelletieri sp. nov. an adult female (A), paratype AMS R.174994 an adult female (B), and an adult male, no voucher (C).

FIGURE 5 in A new species of lizard in the genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from far northwest New Caledonia

FIGURE 5. Hypsometric relief map of Dôme de Tiébaghi (A), with sites of known occurrence of Caledoniscincus pelletieri sp. nov. (green dots). Note the isolation of massif by virtue of the low elevation terrain to the north, east and south, the extent of the peridotite (green overlay—note elevational shading applies only within this area); and satellite image of the massif (B) showing the known sites of occurrence (green dots) in relation to the proximity of active mining activity as indicated by the presence of roads and areas of exposed red laterite soils.

FIGURE 1. A in A new species of lizard in the genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from far northwest New Caledonia

FIGURE 1. A Maximum Likelihood (-lnL 5966.829630) tree for the phylogenetic relationships of Caledoniscincus pelletieri relative to each species within the genus—Bayesian posterior probabilities and ML bootstrap support values are presented respectively. The new species is highlighted in grey for clarity. "R" numbers are associated with Australian Museum (AMS) specimens.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of lizard in the genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from far northwest New Caledonia

FIGURE 4. Habitat of Caledoniscincus pelletieri sp. nov. on Dôme de Tiébaghi—closed forest remnant bisected by old mining track (A) on southwest rim of plateau, and closed-canopy forest to c.15 m with dense understorey of palms (B) where paratype AMS R.174994 was collected.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of lizard in the genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from far northwest New Caledonia

FIGURE 3. Distribution of Caledoniscincus pelletieri sp. nov. (green dot) and its sister species Caledoniscincus constellatus (red square) in north-west New Caledonia.

FIGURE 2 in A new Andean lizard of the genus Potamites (Sauria, Gymnophthalmidae) from Manu National Park, southeastern Peru

FIGURE 2. Later, dorsal and ventral view of coloration in life of the head and details of squamation characteristics of the holotype, male MUSM 28056.

FIGURE 3 in A new Andean lizard of the genus Potamites (Sauria, Gymnophthalmidae) from Manu National Park, southeastern Peru

FIGURE 3. Dorsolateral and ventral views of male MUSM 28057, SVL 78.5 mm (A, B), female MUSM 28059, SVL 69.5 mm (C, D) and juvenile MUSM 28055, SVL 53.0 mm (E, F), all from the type locality.

FIGURE 4 in A new Andean lizard of the genus Potamites (Sauria, Gymnophthalmidae) from Manu National Park, southeastern Peru

FIGURE 4. Map illustrating the type localities of Potamites erythrocularis and P. monticola in the cloud forests of southeastern Peru near Manu National Park.

FIGURE 5 in A new Andean lizard of the genus Potamites (Sauria, Gymnophthalmidae) from Manu National Park, southeastern Peru

FIGURE 5. Elevational distribution of 88 specimens of Potamites erythrocularis (including the holotype and paratypes, observations from uncollected specimens, and specimens collected at the type locality and deposited at KU and the USNM).