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19,493 results for “Populism”
Fig. 6 in Patterns of acoustic and morphometric variation in species of genus Tettigettalna (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Sympatric populations show unexpected differences
Fig. 6. Scatter plot of the 69 Tettigettalna argentata and Tettigettalna mariae occurring allopatrically (Allo) and sympatrically (Sym) in the first two PCA components extracted from a correlation matrix composed of 13 acoustic variables. See ST3 for details of the Eigen analysis and factor loadings.
Fig. 2 in Calling songs of sympatric and allopatric populations of Cicada barbara and C. orni (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) on the Iberian Peninsula
Fig. 2. Oscillograms (amplitude vs. time) and sonagrams (frequency vs. time) of the calling songs of Cicada barbara and C. orni.
Fig. 4 in Patterns of acoustic and morphometric variation in species of genus Tettigettalna (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Sympatric populations show unexpected differences
Fig. 4. Scatter plot of the 176 specimens of Tettigettalna in the two PCA components extracted from a correlation matrix composed of 22 morphometric traits. See ST2 for details of the Eigen analysis and factor loadings.
Fig. 4 in Calling songs of sympatric and allopatric populations of Cicada barbara and C. orni (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) on the Iberian Peninsula
Fig. 4. Scatterplots of the number of syllables per second relative to temperature in Cicada barbara and C. orni and of both echeme duration and inter-echeme interval relative to temperature in C. orni.
Fig. 2 in Patterns of acoustic and morphometric variation in species of genus Tettigettalna (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Sympatric populations show unexpected differences
Fig. 2. The traits of external morphology of specimens of Tettigettalna measured. A – dorsal view; B – ventral view of the head; C – anterior femur; D – operculum; E – tymbal; F – anterior wing; G – posterior wing. (See Table 2 for detailed description).
Fig. 8 in Patterns of acoustic and morphometric variation in species of genus Tettigettalna (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Sympatric populations show unexpected differences
Fig. 8. Scatter plot of the 50 Tettigettalna argentata and Tettigettalna mariae occurring allopatrically (Allo) and sympatrically (Sym) in the first two PCA components extracted from a correlation matrix composed of measurements of 22 morphometric traits. See ST4 for details of the Eigen analysis and factor loadings.
Fig. 3 in Calling songs of sympatric and allopatric populations of Cicada barbara and C. orni (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) on the Iberian Peninsula
Fig. 3. Boxplots of the acoustic variables of the songs of Cicada barbara and C. orni occurring allopatrically (Allop) and sympatrically (Symp).
"I was the class teacher at that time. It was a class trip, usually organized near the end of the schoolterm in summer. The pupils went there by bike to have a barbecue at the sandy banks of the river Rhine near Dusseldorf. The landscape around is mostly dominated by agriculture and glasshouse cultures. You find a mixture of former villages nowadays completely suburbanized. The population finds jobs in the nearby urban centers like Dusseldorf, Neuss and other big cities. The reason why Irecorded the scene is simply because Iam interested in collecting sounds in general by doing recordings in different surroundings like nature, cities and everything between. My memories about the event are that it was a relaxing and funny atmosphere, which is not always the case while teaching in a classroom" [Reinhard/reinsamba]15 in Collecting Sounds. Online Sharing of Field Recordings as Cultural Practice
"I was the class teacher at that time. It was a class trip, usually organized near the end of the schoolterm in summer. The pupils went there by bike to have a barbecue at the sandy banks of the river Rhine near Dusseldorf. The landscape around is mostly dominated by agriculture and glasshouse cultures. You find a mixture of former villages nowadays completely suburbanized. The population finds jobs in the nearby urban centers like Dusseldorf, Neuss and other big cities. The reason why Irecorded the scene is simply because Iam interested in collecting sounds in general by doing recordings in different surroundings like nature, cities and everything between. My memories about the event are that it was a relaxing and funny atmosphere, which is not always the case while teaching in a classroom" [Reinhard/reinsamba]15
Fig. 5 in Patterns of acoustic and morphometric variation in species of genus Tettigettalna (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Sympatric populations show unexpected differences
Fig. 5. Box plot of the acoustic variables that differed statistically (Mann-Whitney, p <0.0039) between allopatric (Allo) and sympatric (Sym) populations of A – Tettigettalna argentata and B – Tettigettalna mariae. Time is in seconds and frequency in kHz.
Fig. 3 in Patterns of acoustic and morphometric variation in species of genus Tettigettalna (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Sympatric populations show unexpected differences
Fig. 3. Scatter plot of the 193 specimens of Tettigettalna in the first two PCA components extracted from a correlation matrix composed of 13 acoustic variables. See ST1 in Supplementary Tables for details of the Eigen analysis and factor loadings.
Fig. 1. A in Patterns of acoustic and morphometric variation in species of genus Tettigettalna (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): Sympatric populations show unexpected differences
Fig. 1. A – Map of the south-western part of the Iberian Peninsula showing the locations of the allopatric and sympatric populations of the four species of Tettigettalna sampled. B – More detailed map of the area marked by the rectangle in A. Letters: allopatric populations of: a – T. argentata; e – T. estrellae; j – T. josei and m – T. mariae. Symbols: Sympatric populations of: circle – T. argentata and T. estrellae; square – T. argentata and T. josei; triangle: T. argentata and T. mariae and cross: T. argentata, T. mariae and T. josei. Map produced by the program DIVA_GIS (LizardTechSeattle, USA) using the spatial data provided by this program.
Data from: Reverse plasticity underlies rapid evolution by clonal selection within populations of fibroblasts propagated on a novel soft substrate
<p>Mechanical properties such as substrate stiffness are a ubiquitous feature of a cell's environment. Many types of animal cells exhibit canonical phenotypic plasticity when grown on substrates of differing stiffness, in vitro and in vivo. Whether such plasticity is a multivariate optimum due to hundreds of millions of years of animal evolution, or instead is a compromise between conflicting selective demands, is unknown. We addressed these questions by means of experimental evolution of populations of mouse fibroblasts propagated for approximately 90 cell generations on soft or stiff substrates. The ancestral cells grow twice as fast on stiff substrate as on soft substrate and exhibit the canonical phenotypic plasticity. Soft-selected lines derived from a genetically diverse ancestral population increased growth rate on soft substrate to the ancestral level on stiff substrate and evolved the same multivariate phenotype. The pattern of plasticity in the soft-selected lines was opposite of the ancestral pattern, suggesting that reverse plasticity underlies the observed rapid evolution. Conversely, growth rate and phenotypes did not change in selected lines derived from clonal cells. Overall, our results suggest that the changes were the result of genetic evolution and not phenotypic plasticity per se. Whole-transcriptome analysis revealed consistent differentiation between ancestral and soft-selected populations, and that both emergent phenotypes and gene expression tended to revert in the soft-selected lines. However, the selected populations appear to have achieved the same phenotypic outcome by means of at least two distinct transcriptional architectures related to mechanotransduction and proliferation.</p>
Figure 8. Site 2 in Protandrous Arrival in a Population of the Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Montgomery County, Maryland
Figure 8. Site 2: Number of male and female newly metamorphosed adult periodical cicadas, Magicicada septendecim Brood X, found on successive mornings on 14–23 May 2004 in a fixed route of random sampling, in Silver Spring, Maryland. A total of 104 newly metamorphosed males and 115 newly metamorphosed females were found. According to hypothesis tests of single proportions, the number of males is significantly greater than the number of females at α 0.05 for days 1 and 3 and at approximately α 0.01 for days 1–3. This result is evidence for protandry.
Figure 7. Site 1 in Protandrous Arrival in a Population of the Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Montgomery County, Maryland
Figure 7. Site 1: Number of male and female newly metamorphosed adult periodical cicadas, Magicicada septendecim Brood X, found on successive mornings on 14–23 May 2004 in a fixed route of random sampling in Silver Spring, Maryland. A total of 444 newly metamorphosed males and 585 newly metamorphosed females were found. According to hypothesis tests of single proportions, the number of females is significantly greater than the number of males at α 0.05 for days 6, 7, and 9.
Figure 6 in Protandrous Arrival in a Population of the Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Montgomery County, Maryland
Figure 6. Total Number of male and female newly metamorphosed adult periodical cicadas, Magicicada septendecim Brood X, found on successive mornings on 14–23 May 2004 in a fixed route of random sampling of a neighborhood of Silver Spring, Maryland. A total of 548 newly metamorphosed males and 700 newly metamorphosed females were found. According to hypothesis tests of single proportions, the number of males is significantly greater than the number of females at α 0.05 for days 1 and 3, and the number of females is significantly greater than the number of males at α 0.01 for days 9 and 10. On days 1 and 3, this result is evidence for protandry. At α 0.01, there are also significantly more females than males for the season as a whole.
Figure 5. The two locations where periodical cicadas, Magicicada septendecim Brood X in Protandrous Arrival in a Population of the Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Montgomery County, Maryland
Figure 5. The two locations where periodical cicadas, Magicicada septendecim Brood X, were counted in Silver Spring, Maryland, May–June 2004.
Figure 4 in Protandrous Arrival in a Population of the Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Montgomery County, Maryland
Figure 4. Magicicada septendecim: female, ventral view of abdomen showing ovipositor. (Note: this specimen is a four-year early emergent of the 2021 Brood X; Maryland, Michael J. Raupp, 29 May 2017.)
Figure 3 in Protandrous Arrival in a Population of the Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Montgomery County, Maryland
Figure 3. Magicicada septendecim: male, ventral view of abdomen. (Note: this specimen is a four-year early emergent of the 2021 Brood X; Maryland, Michael J. Raupp, 24 May 2017.)
Figure 1 in Protandrous Arrival in a Population of the Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Montgomery County, Maryland
Figure 1. Magicicada septendecim: mass emergence of nymphs from the ground. (Maryland, Michael J. Raupp, 15 May 2004)
Within and between population comparisons suggest independently acting selection maintaining parallel clines in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)
<p>Parallel clines in traits related to adaptation in a species can be due to independent selection on a pair of traits, or due to selection in one trait resulting in a parallel cline in a correlated trait. To distinguish between the mechanisms giving rise to parallel adaptive population divergence of multiple traits along an environmental gradient we need to study variation, correlations, and selective forces within individual populations along the gradient. In many tree species, budset timing forms a latitudinal cline, and parallel clinal variation is also found in other seedling traits, such as first year height and fall frost injury. In this study, we set up a common garden experiment with open pollinated progeny from natural populations of Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em>), with one large sample from single population (500 families) and smaller samples from across a latitudinal gradient. Budset timing, first year height and induced fall frost injury were first measured in a greenhouse. The seedlings were then planted in the field, where survival and height were measured at the age of nine years as fitness proxies. We compared between and within population variation and genetic correlations of these three seedling traits, and estimated selection gradients at the family level in our main population, taking into account the potential effects of seed weight. Between population genetic correlations between seedling traits were high (0.76-0.95). Within population genetic correlations in the main population were lower (0.14-0.35), as in other populations (0.10-0.39). Within population, extensive adaptive variation persists in the seedling traits, in line with rather weak selection gradients, yet maintaining the clines. Although our sampling does not cover the whole cline equally, the results suggest that the individual clines in these traits are maintained by largely independently acting selection, which results in fewer constraints in adaptation under changing climate.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.