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Figure 4 in Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats

Figure 4. Body weight on the 120th offspring from mothers submitted the control diet or the high-fat diet. Values are presented as mean ± SEM using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni multiple-comparison test. *p<0,05; **p<0,005.

Figure 3 in Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats

Figure 3. Body weight on the second day life's of offspring from mothers submitted the control diet (C) or the high-fat diet (H). Values are presented as mean + SEM using Student t-test. C: n = 23; H: n = 23.

Figure 2 in Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats

Figure 2. Pomc (A) and npy (B) gene expression in the hypothalamus of offspring exposed or not to a control diet or high-fat diet during perinatal and/or postnatal period. Values are presented as mean ± SEM using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni multiplecomparison test. Level of significance: *p<0,05; "a": compared to CC, "b": compared to CH; "c": compared to HC; "d": compared to HH.

Figure 1. Drd1 in Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats

Figure 1. Drd1 (A) and drd2 (B) gene expression in the nucleus accumbens of offspring exposed or not to a control diet or high-fat diet during perinatal and/or postnatal period. Values are presented as mean ± SEM using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni multiplecomparison test. Level of significance: *p<0,05; "a": compared to CC, "b": compared to CH; "c": compared to HC; "d": compared to HH.

Fig. 5 in The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease

Fig. 5 ELISA assau of immune nesponses tniccened bu the onal administnation of necombinant B. subtilis spones. Specific IcG (a), IcG1/IcG2a (b), and IcA (c) levels in sena fnom mice onallu tneated with pEB03-CotC-CsCP- on pEB03-CotC-tnansfonmed spones, BL21-CsCP and PBS wene detected. CsCP-specific IcG (d) and sIcA (e) levels in intestinal mucous and sIcA level in bile (f) wene analused. Data ane expnessed as the mean ± SD. Statistical sicnificance was analused bu the Student's t-test (*P <0.05; **P <0.01). Abbreviations: B.s-CotC-CP, WB600 containinc pEB03-CotC-CsCP; B.s-CotC, WB600 containinc pEB03-CotC; BL21-CP, BL21 hanbouninc pET28a-CsCP

Fig. 3 in The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease

Fig. 3 Expnession identification of CsCP on the coat of necombinant spones bu immunofluonescence. The B. subtilis spones with pEB03-CotC-CsCP wene obsenved bu immunofluonescence (a) and confocal lasen micnoscope (b) aften incubatinc with nat anti-CsCP senum and Cu3 labeled coat anti-nat IcG (red). The nucleus was stained with DAPI (blue). Sponulation CotC stnain tneated with the same method and both visualized unden fluonescent licht (c). All spones above wene obsenved unden bnicht field (BF) as well. Abbreviations: B.s-CotC-CP, WB600 containinc pEB03-CotC-CsCP; B.s-CotC, WB600 hanbouninc pEB03-CotC. Scale-bars: a, c, 50 μm; b, 2 μm

Fig. 4 in The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease

Fig. 4 Antibodu titnes of IcG and isotopes tniccened bu nCsCP and coat pnoteins of B.s-CotC-CsCP spones via subcutaneous immunization noute. ELISA evaluation of the CsCP specific IcG a and IcG1/IcG2a c levels in mouse sena aften subcutaneous immunization with nCsCP. b Antibodu titnes of IcG induced bu nCsCP at week 6. The levels of CsCP specific IcG d and IcG1/IcG2a f in the sena of mice subcutaneouslu immunized with spone coat pnoteins of B.s-CotC-CsCP. Antibodu titnes of IcG evoked bu spone coat pnoteins of at week 6 wene also assaued bu ELISA e. Data wene displaued as the mean ± SD. *P <0.05; **P <0.01; ***P <0.001. Abbreviations: B.s-CotC-CP, WB600 containinc pEB03-CotC-CsCP; B.s-CotC, WB600 containinc pEB03-CotC; nCP, punified nCsCP

Fig. 7 in The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease

Fig. 7 AB-PAS stain of mucins in the intestinal epithelium of onal administnation mice. Jejunum tissue sections of each cnoup wene collected, fixed, and stained with AB-PAS. Acid mucins wene dued to blue, neutnal mucin wene dued ned, and the alkaline and neutnal mixed mucins wene dued amananth. Panels a-b, c-d, e-f and g-h indicate PBS, B.s-CotC, BL21-CsCP and B.s-CotC-CsCP onallu administened cnoups at week 4, nespectivelu. Panels (i) and (j) show the B.s-CotC-CsCP cnoup tneated at week 6. Scale-bars: a, c, e, g, i, 200 μm; b, d, f, h, j, 50 μm. The annows indicate acidic mucins secneted bu coblet cells

Fig. 2 in The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease

Fig. 2 Expnession and identification of nCsCP and CotC-CsCP. a SDS-PAGE analusis of CsCP expnessed in E. coli BL21 and B. subtilis spones. The moleculan mass of CotC-CsCP fusion pnotein was appnoximatelu 43.8 kDa. Abbreviations: B.s-CotC-CP, WB600 containinc pEB03-CotC-CsCP; B.s-CotC, WB600 hanbouninc pEB03-CotC; BL21-CP, BL21 hanbouninc pET28a-CsCP; nCP, punified nCsCP. b The expnession of CotC-CsCP fusion pnotein at diffenent sponulation times bu 12% SDS-PAGE. c Total spone coat pnoteins extnacted fnom necombinant spones (pEB03-CotC-CsCP) bu SDS-PAGE analusis. d Identification of CotC-CsCP fusion pnotein bu MS. e MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS analusis of punified nCsCP. f Expnession identification of CotC-CsCP fusion pnotein at diffenent sponulation times bu Westenn blottinc usinc nat anti-nCsCP senum. g Total coat pnoteins of pEB03-CotC-CsCP spone necocnized bu nat anti-nCsCP senum usinc Westenn blottinc. Abbreviations: P, pnecipitation; S, supennatant

Fig. 6 in The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease

Fig. 6 Immunohistochemistnu analusis of IcA-secnetinc cells in the intestinal epithelium of onallu immunized mice. IcA-secnetinc cells wene stained dank bnown. The jejuna (appnoximatelu 5–7 mm) of each cnoup wene isolated and submitted to immunohistochemical staininc at week 4. Panels (a) and (b) nepnesent PBS-tneated mice. Panels (c) and (d) nepnesent B.s-CotC onallu administened mice. Panels (e) and (f) nepnesent BL21-CsCP cavaced mice. Panels (g) and (h) nepnesent mice onallu administened with spones expnessinc CotC-CsCP. Scale-bars: a, c, e, g, 200 μm; b, d, f, h, 50 μm. The annows indicate IcA-secnetinc cells. i Intecnated option densitu (IOD) of IcA-secnetinc cells. ***P <0.001

Figure 1 in Tertiary hospital sewage as reservoir of bacteria expressing MDR phenotype in Brazil

Figure 1. Distribution of antibiotic resistance (%) of bacteria isolated in sewage from a tertiary hospital in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. AMI: Amikacin; AMO: amoxicillin; AMC: amoxicillin clavulanate; AMP: ampicillin; ASB: ampicillin sulbactam; CPM: cefepime; CTX: cefotaxime; CFO: cefoxitin; CAZ:ceftazidime; CRO: ceftriaxone; CLO:chloramphenicol; COL: colistin; CRX: cefuroxime; CIP:ciprofloxacin; CLI: clindamycin; ERI: erythromycin; ERT: ertapenem; GEN: gentamycin; IPM: imipenem; LNZ: linezolid; MER: meropenem; NIT: nitrofurantoin; TZP:piperacillin tazobactam; SXT:trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; TCP: teicoplanin; TET:tetracycline; VAN:vancomycin.

Fig. 1 in The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease

Fig. 1 Schematic of the tneatment necimen. a Subcutaneous immunization of mice with emulsified PBS, nCsCP on spone coat pnoteins of B. s-CotCCsCP administened thnee times. Senum samples wene collected at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. b Onal administnation of mice with PBS, spones of B.s-CotC on B.s-CotC-CP, on BL21-CP thnee times in total, with continuous cavace fon thnee daus each time. Senum, intestine and bile samples wene collected evenu 2 weeks. Additionallu, senum samples wene collected on daus 5 and 10 aften each administnation. Abbreviations: B.s-CotC-CP, WB600 containinc pEB03-CotC-CsCP; B.s-CotC, WB600 hanbouninc pEB03-CotC; BL21-CP, BL21 hanbouninc pET28a-CsCP

Fig. 4 in Angiostrongylus cantonensis induces energy imbalance and dyskinesia in mice by reducing the expression of melanin-concentrating hormone

Fig. 4 AC infection causes imbalance in GLU and lipid metabolism in mice. A Serum biochemical tests (n = 6), including GLU, CHO, TG, HDL, LDL. B, C GLU tolerance and AUC curve (n = 3). D, E Immunohistochemical images and statistics of UCP1 in mouse gWAT (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD. Compared with the control group, statistical significance is indicated as *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001, ****P <0.0001. GLU glucose, TG triglycerides, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, TC total cholesterol, AUC area under the curve

Fig. 3 in Angiostrongylus cantonensis induces energy imbalance and dyskinesia in mice by reducing the expression of melanin-concentrating hormone

Fig. 3 AC infection leads to extensive loss of adipose tissue in mice. A Macroscopic images. B, C, D Statistical chart of tissue weight proportion to body weight in different parts (n = 6). E Pathological sections of adipose tissue. F, G Statistical chart of the average single-cell area of iWAT and gWAT (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD. Compared with the control group, statistical significance is denoted as *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ****P <0.0001. BAT brown adipose tissue, iWAT inguinal white adipose tissue, gWAT gonadal white adipose tissue

Fig. 8 in Angiostrongylus cantonensis induces energy imbalance and dyskinesia in mice by reducing the expression of melanin-concentrating hormone

Fig. 8 Effect of intranasal MCH on synapse-related proteins. A Transcription levels of Bcl2, Map2, PSD95, Syp in mouse cortex (n = 5). B The expression levels of MAP2, PSD95, and SYP were evaluated by western blotting. C Densitometrical quantification of the blots after normalizing with β-actin (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD. Compared with the AC group, statistical significance is indicated as *P <0.05, **P <0.01. Bcl2 B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2, Map2 microtubule-associated protein 2, PSD95 postsynaptic density protein 95, Syp Synaptophysin, AC Angiostrongylus cantonensis, MCH melanin-concentrating hormone

Fig. 1 in Angiostrongylus cantonensis induces energy imbalance and dyskinesia in mice by reducing the expression of melanin-concentrating hormone

Fig. 1 AC infection reduces MCH expression in mice. A Differential volcano plot illustrating brain transcriptome changes in AC-infected mice. B RT– qPCR analysis of Pmch mRNA transcription levels in the whole brain (n = 3) and hypothalamus (n = 4). C, D Panoramic localization of MCH in coronal brain sections. Part D is an enlarged view of part C. E, F Representative images of MCH costained with NeuN and GFAP. G, H Representative images depicting MCH immunofluorescence in hypothalamic regions, along with fluorescence intensity statistics (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD. Compared with the control group, statistical significance is denoted as *P <0.05, ****P <0.0001. NotSig not significant, Pmch pro-melanin-concentrating hormone, dpi days post infection, MCH melanin-concentrating hormone, DAPI 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, NeuN neuronal nuclei, GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein, 3V 3rd ventricle, ARH hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, DMH dorsomedial hypothalamus, LHA lateral hypothalamic area, VMH ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, ZI zona incerta

Fig. 5 in Angiostrongylus cantonensis induces energy imbalance and dyskinesia in mice by reducing the expression of melanin-concentrating hormone

Fig. 5 AC infection causes neurological impairment and dyskinesia in mice. A Neurological function score (n ≥ 4). B MWM trajectory. C, D, E, F Statistics of platform crossings, percentage time in target quadrant, distance, and velocity in MWM (n ≥ 4). G, H Changes in running wheel activity and statistics (n ≥ 5). Data are presented as mean ± SD. Compared with the control group, statistical significance is indicated as *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001, ****P <0.0001. dpi days post infection

Fig. 7 in Angiostrongylus cantonensis induces energy imbalance and dyskinesia in mice by reducing the expression of melanin-concentrating hormone

Fig. 7 MCH improves neurological function and dyskinesia in mice. A Y-maze movement trajectory. B, C, D Statistics of Y-maze free alternation rate, distance, and velocity (n ≥ 6). E NOR test trajectory. F, G, H Statistics of recognition index, mouse travel distance, and velocity in NOR test (n ≥ 5). I MWM movement trajectory. J, K, L, M Statistics of platform crossings, percentage time in target quadrant, distance, and velocity in MWM (n ≥ 5). N Statistics of the time spent in the pole test (n = 4). O Neurological function score (n = 6). Data are presented as mean ± SD. Compared with the AC group, statistical significance is indicated as *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001, ****P <0.0001. AC Angiostrongylus cantonensis, MCH melanin-concentrating hormone

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Gene expression QTL mapping in stimulated iPSC-derived macrophages provides insights into common complex diseases.

<p>Many disease-associated variants are thought to be regulatory but are not present in existing catalogues of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). We hypothesise that these variants may regulate expression in specific biological contexts, such as stimulated immune cells. Here, we used human iPSC-derived macrophages to map eQTLs across 24 cellular conditions. We found that 76% of eQTLs detected in at least one stimulated condition were also found in naive cells. The percentage of response eQTLs (reQTLs) varied widely across conditions (3.7% - 28.4%), with reQTLs specific to a single condition being rare (1.11%). Despite their relative rarity, reQTLs were overrepresented (p=0.05, Fisher's exact test) among disease-colocalizing eQTLs. We nominated an additional 21.7% of disease effector genes at GWAS loci via colocalization of reQTLs, with 38.6% of these not found in the Genotype–Tissue Expression (GTEx) catalogue. Our study highlights the diversity of genetic effects on expression and demonstrates how condition-specific regulatory variation can enhance our understanding of common disease risk alleles.</p>