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3,508 results for “Observational study”
Impacts of using different standard populations in calculating age-standardized death rates when age-specific death rates in the populations being compared do not have a consistent relationship: A cross-sectional population-based observational study on US state HIV death rates
<p><strong>Objective</strong>: To examine if the rankings of state HIV age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) changed if different standard population (SP) was used.</p> <p><strong>Design</strong>:<strong> </strong>A cross-sectional population-based observational study. Setting 36 states in the United States.</p> <p><strong>Participants</strong>: People died from 2015 to 2019.</p> <p><strong>Main outcome measures</strong>: State HIV ASDR using 4 SPs, namely WHO2000, US2000, US2mor020, and Eur2011–2030.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The rankings of 19 states did not change when ASDRs were calculated using US2000 and US2020. Of the 17 states whose rankings changed, the rankings of 9 states calculated using US2000 were higher than those calculated using US2020; in 8 states, the rankings were lower. The states with the greatest changes in rankings between US2000 and US2020 were Kentucky (12th and 9th, respectively) and Massachusetts (8th and 11th, respectively).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: State ASDRs calculated using the current official SP (US2000) weigh middle-age HIV death rates more heavily than older-age HIV death rates, resulting in lower ASDRs among states with higher older-age HIV death rates.</p>
Supplementary material for "Modeling styles in conceptual data modeling: Reflecting observations in a series of multimodal studies'"
<p>This material supplements the following conference publication:</p> <p>Rosenthal, K., Wagner, S., Strecker, S. (2022) Modeling styles in conceptual data modeling: Reflecting observations in a series of multimodal studies</p>
One of the first cryptic mammal species discovered, when it was separated from the morphologically similar R. tumida (= R. bickhami) based on karyological studies. Karyotype of 2n = 42 of R. genowaysi is identical to that observed in R. velilla, but these species are genetically distinct; their ranges do not overlap. R. genowaysi is morphologically very similar to other species within the R. tumida complex and is sympatric with R. bickhami (2n = 34). Monotypic. Distribution. Two nearby localities in Pacific lowlands of S Chiapas, S Mexico. in Vespertilionidae
One of the first cryptic mammal species discovered, when it was separated from the morphologically similar R. tumida (= R. bickhami) based on karyological studies. Karyotype of 2n = 42 of R. genowaysi is identical to that observed in R. velilla, but these species are genetically distinct; their ranges do not overlap. R. genowaysi is morphologically very similar to other species within the R. tumida complex and is sympatric with R. bickhami (2n = 34). Monotypic. Distribution. Two nearby localities in Pacific lowlands of S Chiapas, S Mexico.
The study of daytime ionospheric E-region radar echoes simultaneously observed by Qujing VHF radar and multi-ionosondes
<p>Qujing VHF coherent backscatter radar observed from 05:00 - 08:00 UT (13:00-16:00 LT) on 20 June, 2020;</p> <p>Ionosonde data observed on 19, 20, and 21 June 2020 at Huize and Qujing;</p> <p>Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) satellite data observed from 0230 UT to 0730 UT on 20 June, 2020.</p>
Replication Package - IoT Roadmap Observation Study
<p>Replication package for a Observation Study.</p> <p>GOAL: This work aims to analyze the use of the IoT Roadmap with the purpose of understanding in relation to its applicability from the point of view of junior software engineers in the context of the IoT project for COVID-19 developed at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.</p>
Data from: Early prediction of in-hospital mortality in patients with congestive heart failure in intensive care unit: a retrospective observational cohort study
<p class="MsoNormal">Objective: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a clinical syndrome in which heart disease progresses to a severe stage. Risk assessment and early diagnosis of death in patients with CHF are critical to patient prognosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to establish a nomogram predicting in-hospital death for CHF patients in the ICU.</p> <p>Design: A retrospective observational cohort study.</p> <p>Setting and participants: The data of study from 30,411 CHF patients in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database and the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD).</p> <p>Primary outcome: In-hospital mortality.</p> <p>Results: The inclusion criteria were met by 15983 subjects, whose in-hospital mortality rate was 12.4%. Multivariate analysis determined that the independent risk factors were age, race, norepinephrine, dopamine, phenylephrine, vasopressin, <a>mechanical</a> <a>ventilation</a>, intubation, HepF, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, SBP, AG, BUN, creatinine, chloride, MCV, RDW, and WBC. The C-index of the nomogram (0.767, 95%CI: 0.759–0.779) was <a>superior</a> to that of the traditional SOFA, APSIII and GWTGHF score, indicating its discrimination power. Calibration plots demonstrated that the predicted results are in good agreement with the observed results. The decision curves of the derivation and validation sets both had net benefits.</p> <p>Conclusion: The twenty independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality of CHF patients were age, race, norepinephrine, dopamine, phenylephrine, vasopressin, <a>mechanical</a> <a>ventilation</a>, intubation, HepF, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, SBP, AG, BUN, creatinine, chloride, MCV, RDW, and WBC. The nomogram that included these factors accurately predicted the in-hospital mortality of CHF patients. The novel nomogram has the potential to be a clinical practice aided predictive tool for predicting and assessing mortality in CHF patients in the ICU.</p>
Data derived state probabilities for Z. noltei monitoring study. Observed variables were shoot density at four sites in this study
<p>1. In general, it is not feasible to collect enough empirical data to capture the entire range of processes that define a complex system, either intrinsically or when viewing the system from a different geographical or temporal perspective. In this context, an alternative approach is to consider model transferability, which is the act of translating a model built for one environment to another less well-known situation. Model transferability and adaptability may be extremely beneficial - approaches that aid in the reuse and adaption of models, particularly for sites with limited data, would benefit from widespread model uptake. Besides the reduced effort required to develop a model, data collection can be simplified when transferring a model to a different application context.</p> <p>2. The research presented in this paper focused on a case study to identify and implement guidelines for model adaptation. Our study adapted a general Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBN) of a seagrass ecosystem to a new location where nodes were similar, but the conditional probability tables varied. We focused on two species of seagrass (Zostera noltei and Zostera marina) located in Arcachon Bay, France. Expert knowledge was used to complement peer-reviewed literature to identify which components needed adjustment including parameterisation and quantification of the model, and desired outcomes. We adopted both linguistic labels and scenario-based elicitation to elicit from experts the conditional probabilities used to quantify the DBN.</p> <p>3. Following the proposed guidelines, the model structure of the general DBN was retained, but the conditional probability tables were adapted for nodes that characterised the growth dynamics in Zostera spp. population located in Arcachon Bay, as well as the seasonal variation on their reproduction. Particular attention was paid to the light variable as it is a crucial driver of growth and physiology for seagrasses.</p> <p>4. Our guidelines provide a way to adapt a general DBN to specific ecosystems to maximise model reuse and minimise re-development effort. Especially important from a transferability perspective are guidelines for ecosystems with limited data, and how simulation and prior predictive approaches can be used in these contexts.</p>
Data underlying Frailty in people with rheumatoid arthritis – A systematic review of observational studies
<p>Abstract screening results, full text screening results, and data extraction documents for Frailty in people with rheumatoid arthritis – A systematic review of observational studies</p>
Dataset of "Telemedicine and its acceptance by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a single care center during the COVID-19 emergency: A prospective observational study"
<p>Dataset of the article titled "Telemedicine and its acceptance by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a single care center during the COVID-19 emergency: A prospective observational study”.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Development of chronic pain after posterolateral and axillary approaches for thoracic surgery: A prospective monocentric observational study
<p class="MDPI17abstract"><span>Mini-invasive thoracotomies may reduce chronic</span><span> pain and pain-related functional impairment. The aims of part 2 of the study were to assess their incidence after posterolateral and axillary thoracotomies and to identify potential factors of chronic pain. Patients undergoing a posterolateral (79 patients) or axillary (79 patients) thoracotomy between July 2014 and November 2015 were analyzed in this prospective monocentric cohort study. At the 4-month assessment, more patients had chronic pain in the posterolateral group (60.8% vs 40.5%; p=0.017). There was a significant difference between groups favoring the axillary group: less level of catastrophism (p=0.021) and less impact of pain on daily activities (globally, p=0.009; routine activities subscore, p=0.010, chosen activity subscore, p=0.030). According to a multinomial logistic model multivariable, three factors are associated with the presence of chronic pain: the presence of pain before surgery (OR=2.36, CI 95% [1.03-5.39]), a large posterolateral incision (OR=4.14 [1.25-13.72]) and the intensity of pain during mobilization of the ipsilateral shoulder at postoperative day 6 (OR=1.37 [1.10-1.70]). In conclusion, chronic pain is less frequent after an axillary approach than after a posterolateral one. Identified risk factors for chronic pain should lead to more aggressive management of preoperative and early postoperative pain and favor the mini-invasive approach.</span></p>
Early postoperative pain trajectories after posterolateral and axillary approaches for thoracic surgery: A prospective monocentric observational study
<p class="MDPI17abstract"><span>Less invasive thoracotomies may reduce early postoperative pain. The aims of this study were to identify pain trajectories from postoperative day 0 to 5 after posterolateral and axillary thoracotomies and identify potential factors related to the worst" trajectory. Patients undergoing a posterolateral (92 patients) or axillary (89 patients) thoracotomy between July 2014 and November 2015 were analyzed in this prospective monocentric cohort study. The best-fitting model resulted in four pain trajectory groups: trajectory 1, the "worst", with 29.8% of the patients with permanent significant pain; trajectory 2 with patients with low pain (32.6%), trajectory 3 with patients with a steep decrease in pain (22.7%), trajectory 4 with patients with a steep increase (14.9%). According to a multinomial logistic model multivariable analysis, some predictive factors allow differentiation between trajectory groups 1 and 2. Risk factors for permanent pain are the existence of preoperative pain (OR =6.94, CI 95% [1.54-31.27]) and scar length (OR=1.20 [1.05-1.38])). In contrast, ASA class III is a protective factor to be in group 1 (OR=0.02 [0.001-0.52]). In conclusion, early postoperative pain can be characterized by four trajectories and preoperative pain is the major factor for the worst trajectory of early postoperative pain.</span></p>
An Observational and Modeling Study of Inverse-Temperature Layer and Water Surface Heat Flux
<p>The data are used for an observational and modeling analysis of water temperature distribution and water surface energy budget. </p>
Observational data of temperature and oxygen for the study "High-frequency observations of temperature and dissolved oxygen reveal under-ice convection in a large lake"
<p>Matlab data for both temperature and oxygen time series between December 1, 2014, 0:00 (EST) and April 26, 2015, 0:00 (EST). Temperature profiles are sampled every 20 seconds. Dissolved oxygen are sampled every 30 minutes. The depth of each time series are written on the file name.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Observations on MaleNChus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study
FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Malenchus geraerti n. sp. A&B: Female and male entire body, C: Female reproductive system, D&E: Details of anterior end (E: Showing the lateral field origin), F: Cuticle surface, G: Male posterior body region, H: Pharynx of female.
FIGURE 5. Bayesian 50 in Observations on MaleNChus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study
FIGURE 5. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree including Malenchus geraerti n. sp. inferred from LSU rDNA D2/D3 under the GTR+G+I model. Bayesian posterior probabilities and maximum likelihood bootstrap values more than 50% are given for appropriate clades in the shape BPP/ML BS. The new species is in bold.
FIGURE 4. Bayesian 50 in Observations on MaleNChus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study
FIGURE 4. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree including Malenchus geraerti n. sp. inferred from SSU rDNA under the GTR+G+I model. Bayesian posterior probabilities and maximum likelihood bootstrap values more than 50% are given for appropriate clades in the shape BPP/ML BS. The new species is in bold.
FIGURE 2 in Observations on MaleNChus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study
FIGURE 2. Microphotographs of Malenchus geraerti n. sp. A-D: Details of anterior end (A: Stylet and DGO, B: Beginning of lateral line, C: Amphidial opening, D: Lip region annuli), E&F: Pharyngeal bulb region and variation in position of excretory pore, G: Lateral line of female at mid-body, H: Bursa, I-K: Parts of female reproductive system (I: Vulva and filled spermatheca, J: Empty spermatheca, K: Vulva region), L: Female tail, M: Male cloacal region and spicules. (Scale bars = 10 µm.)
FIGURE 3 in Observations on MaleNChus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study
FIGURE 3. Microphotographs of Malenchus geraerti n. sp. A: Amphidial opening, B: Cross section of female, showing lateral band and constriction at its junction with the body (arrows), C: Vulva in ventral view and epiptygma, D&E: Median bulb and its valve, F: Dorso-lateral view of vulval slit, showing dikes or vulval flap is absent (Scale bars = 10 µm.)
The nociceptive withdrawal reflex during spinal analgesia in pigs undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a prospective observational study.
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Supplementary File 8; Dot plots summarising the total frequencies of direct observations, tracks, spoor, and other signs of all wild animals detected in radial and transect surveys over the course of the study:
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.