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13,343 results for “Primary”
Supplementary material 6: Prospective publishing dashboard: all treatments from: Integrating and visualizing primary data from prospective and legacy taxonomic literature - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5063 (12 May 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5063
Dashboard charts summarizing content from 5 articles published in Biodiversity Data Journal containing treatments on spiders. This page shows data from all treatments. When viewed using a browser (such as Google Chrome) with an internet connection, this page sends a series of queries to Plazi and integrates the results with the Google Charts API to produce 37 dashboard charts.
Figure 4a. from: Integrating and visualizing primary data from prospective and legacy taxonomic literature - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5063 (12 May 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5063
Figure 4a. - Dashboard charts summarizing content from five articles published in Biodiversity Data Journal containing treatments on spiders (Suppl. materials 6, 7). Data elements were XML encoded as part of the routine publication process.Figure 4a.All treatments regardless of taxonomic rank.Figure 4b.Species-rank treatments. <br> All treatments regardless of taxonomic rank.
Latitudinal gradient, MEND experiment, and BioGen experiment relating species richness and net primary productivity (NPP)
<p>Aboveground net primary productivity and species richness.</p>
Primary Sea Ice Edge from Satellite Passive Microwave Observations
<p>These are matlab output files with smoothed and unsmoothed primary ice edges around Antarctica. The primary ice edge is defined as the northernmost contour of 15% sea ice concentration, and defines the outer boundary of sea ice extent. The brightness data come from three satellites; SSM/I, AMSR-E, and AMSR2 and are converted to sea ice concentrations with the NASA Team 2 algorithm and the ARTIST algorithm.</p>
contact-primary-school
<h3><strong>Overview</strong></h3><p>This dataset is constructed from a contact network among children and teachers at a primary school.</p><p>We form hyperedges through cliques of simultaneous contacts. Specifically, for every unique timestamp in the dataset, we construct a hyperedge for every maximal clique amongst the contact edges that exist for that timestamp. Timestamps were recorded in 20-second intervals.</p><h4><strong>Statistics</strong></h4><p>Some basic statistics of this dataset are:</p><ul><li>Number of nodes: 242</li><li>Number of timestamped hyperedges: 106,879</li><li>Number of unique hyperedges: 12,799</li></ul><h4><strong>Source of original data</strong></h4><p>Sources:</p><ul><li><a href="http://www.sociopatterns.org/datasets/primary-school-temporal-network-data/">SocioPatterns</a></li></ul><h4><strong>References</strong></h4><p>If you use this dataset, please cite these references:</p><ul><li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023176">High-Resolution Measurements of Face-to-Face Contact Patterns in a Primary School</a>. Stehlé et al., PLoS ONE (2011).</li><li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-014-0695-9">Mitigation of infectious disease at school: targeted class closure vs school closure</a>. Valerio Gemmetto, Alain Barrat, and Ciro Cattuto. BMC Infectious Diseases (2014).</li><li><a href="http://www.sociopatterns.org/">The SocioPatterns collaboration</a></li></ul>
Primary NMR Data Supporting the Article "Synthetic approach to 2-alkyl-4-quinolones and 2-alkyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxamides based on common β-keto amide precursors"
<p>This archive contains raw 1H/13C FIDs and associated data in Bruker-specific format that can be viewed with Bruker’s TopSpin or other appropriate NMR processing software. The subfolders are named in accordance with the compound numbering in the associated research paper (Synthetic Approach to 2-Alkyl-4-quinolones and 2-Alkyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxamides Based on Common β-Keto Amide Precursors).</p> <p>Correspondence: angelov@uni-plovdiv.bg</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Opposing responses of temporal stability of aboveground and belowground net primary productivity to water and nitrogen enrichment in a temperate grassland
<p><span>Changes in water and nitrogen availability, as important elements of global environmental change, are known to affect the temporal stability of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP). However, evidences for their effects on the temporal stability of belowground net primary productivity (BNPP), and whether such effects are consistent between belowground and aboveground, are rather scarce. Here, we investigated the responses of temporal stability of both ANPP and BNPP to water and nitrogen addition based on a 9-year manipulative experiment in a temperate grassland in northern China. The results showed that the temporal stability of ANPP increased with water addition but decreased with nitrogen addition. By contrast, the temporal stability of BNPP decreased with water addition but increased with nitrogen enrichment. The temporal stability of ANPP was mainly determined by the soil moisture and inorganic nitrogen, which modulated species asynchrony, as well as by the stability of dominant species. On the other hand, the temporal stability of BNPP was mainly driven by the soil moisture and inorganic nitrogen that modulated ANPP of grasses, and by the direct effect of soil water availability. Our study provides the first evidence on the opposite responses of aboveground and belowground grassland temporal stability to increased water and nitrogen availability, highlighting the importance of considering both aboveground and belowground components of ecosystems for a more comprehensive understanding of their dynamics.</span></p>
Native MS dataset for: "Insights into the pathogenesis of primary hyperoxaluria type I from the structural dynamics of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase variants"
<p>Native mass spectrometry dataset used in: <strong>Insights into the pathogenesis of primary hyperoxaluria type I from the structural dynamics of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase variants.</strong> Pavla Vankova, Juan Luis Pacheco-Garcia, Dmitry S. Loginov, Atanasio Gómez-Mulas, Alan Kádek, José Manuel Martín-Garcia, Eduardo Salido, Petr Man and Angel L. Pey. FEBS Letters (2024)</p> <p><strong>Description:</strong></p> <p>Native mass spectrometry (MS) analysis verifying the oligomeric state of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) protein and its P11L and I340M (LM) polymorphism and LM G170R mutation variants in primary hyperoxaluria type I.</p> <p><strong>Sample processing:</strong></p> <p>AGT protein as well as its LM and LM G130R mutants were buffer exchanged into 150 mM aqueous ammonium acetate solution (pH 7.5, MS-grade, Sigma-Aldrich) through six cycles of tenfold dilution and re-concentration using centrifugal concentrators Vivaspin 500 (30 kDa cut-off, <em>Sartorius</em>). Desalted proteins were introduced into a Synapt G2Si mass spectrometer (Waters) via static nanoelectrospray ionization from in-house prepared gold-coated borosilicate glass capillaries Kwik-Fil 1B120F-4 (<em>World Precision Instruments</em>). Protein concentration in samples was determined by 280 nm absorbance measurements using DeNovix DS-11 spectrophotometer. Samples were diluted in ammonium acetate and electrosprayed at 1 and 2 µM concentration. The mass spectrometer was carefully tuned for best signal quality and intensity, while keeping ion activation and unfolding minimal. Namely, electrospray voltage was kept at 1.3 kV, source desolvation temperature 80°C, sampling cone 80 V and 10 V collision voltage with 6 ml/min flow of argon in the trap region for thermalization of ions. Quadrupole was operated in a broadband transmission mode up to 8000 m/z while the spectra were acquired in mass range 500 – 20000 m/z. Spectra were externally mass recalibrated using known masses of caesium iodide clusters.</p> <p><strong>Data processing:</strong></p> <p>Raw mass spectra were averaged over 75 scans and further processed in Waters MassLynx 4.1. The averaged spectra were exported for ZENODO deposition as plain in plain m/z vs intensity .txt files as well uploaded as part of the .raw file format of the whole analysis (including initial metadata) with scan descriptions and parameter changes described in a stand-alone .txt descriptor file.</p>
Code and data for 'Human modification of land cover alters net primary productivity, species richness and their relationship' manuscript
<p>The data and scripts in this database are analyses for a research paper in Global Ecology and Biogeography in 2023: Human modification of land cover alters net primary productivity, species richness and their relationship. Please refer to the README file and the paper for details about the usage of the data and methodology.</p>
Pacing of primary murine cardiomyocytes expressing human TRPV1 using infra-red laser
<h2>Abstract</h2> <p>The expression of human TRPV1 in cardiomyocytes allowed us to induce action potentials (APs) by pulse irradiation with infra-red (IR) diod laser. Mice cardiomyocytes were transformed by AAV-based vectors bearing construction of TRPV1 with mRuby (for expression detection). We selected cells having their own intrisic AP generation and then set them up for measuring membrane potential in a current-clamp mode. Cells were irradiated using 2 or 7 Hz laser pulses. Laser trigger pulses were recorded along with cell potential. In the dataset <em><strong>05-12-22.zip</strong></em>, there are some records where electrical stimulation were used alone or together with IR pulses. Experimental conditions are summarized in the file <em><strong>experiment-descriptions.tsv</strong></em>.</p> <h2>Primary cell production and transformation</h2> <p>Experiments were carried out using C57Bl/6J mice (The Jackson Laboratory, #000664, RRID: IMSR_JAX:000664). The mixed mouse primary neonatal cardiomyocyte cell culture was obtained using a neonatal heart dissociation kit (Miltenyi Biotec, 130-098-373) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The cells were cultured in DMEM/F12, 1:1 mixture (BioloT, 1.3.7.2.) supplemented with 10% FBS, penicillin 100 U/ml /streptomycin 100 mg/ml, and L-glutamine 0.365 g/l. The culture was seeded on 10mm coverslips coated with 10 mg/ml gelatin diluted in PBS and maintained at 37℃ in 5% CO2. For transient expression of the hTRPV1 channel, a reporter protein, and a fluorescent Ca2+ sensor GCaMP6s, we used AAV-based vectors with the encoded genes above. We used AAV-DJ serotype at a MOI of 12,000 VG/cells for cTnT_hTRPV1(sh)_P2A_mRuby based viruses, and a MOI of 2,500 VG/cells for cTnT_GCaMP6s ones. The cells were infected on the next day after plating, and the transgene expression peak was observed on the third day after the infection.</p> <h2>Distant heating system</h2> <p>The system was equipped with a fiber coupled laser diode (LD) 4PN-117 (SemiNex) as a powerful heating laser, providing radiation at a wavelength of 1375 nm with an average power of up to 4.3 W through a multimode fiber with a core diameter of 105 μm and 0.22NA. The LD was mounted onto a TEC-controlled plate “264 TEC HP LaserMount” (A.I.), which was operated by TEC driver TECSource 5305 (A.I.); current stabilization and control for LD were performed with LD driver LaserSource 4320 (A.I.). The laser was controlled via the TTL output from the HEKA EPC-10 amplifier. Different laser intensities, and pulse widths were used. Laser power, <em><strong>P</strong></em>, can be computed from trigger voltage, <em><strong>U</strong></em>, by an equation: <em><strong>P [W] = -0.28 + 1.42 * U [V]</strong></em></p> <h2>Electrophysiology of single cardiac cells </h2> <p>Patch electrodes were pulled from hard borosilicate capillary glass (Sutter Instruments flaming/brown micropipette puller) and filled with an intracellular solution consisting of (in mM) K-gluconate, 100; KCl, 40; HEPES, 10; NaCl, 8; MgATP, 4; MgGTP, 0.3; phosphocreatine, 10 (pH 7.3 with KOH). Cells were identified visually using IR-video microscopy using a Hamamatsu ORCA-Flash4.0 V3 Digital sCMOS camera (Hamamatsu Photonics) expression of wild type or mutant TRPV1 was confirmed by the presence of red flourescent protein. Coverslips were placed in a recording chamber continuously perfused with heated Tyrode's solution. Whole-cell recordings were taken at 32°C in current-clamp mode using a HEKA EPC-10 amplifier (List Elektronik) with a sampling rate of 100 μs. Steady state current was injected to achieve a membrane potential of approximately −60 to −90 mV. For experiments using the IR laser the optic fiber was placed near the cell, and light from a green laser diode was shone onto the cell to check correct positioning. </p>
Immunogenicity of autologous and allogeneic human primary cholangiocyte organoids
<p>Primary human cells cultured in 3D organoid format have great promise as potential regenerative cellular therapies, but their immunogenicity has not yet been fully characterized. In this study, we use in vitro co-cultures and in vivo humanized mouse experimental models to examine the human immune response to autologous and allogeneic primary cholangiocyte organoids (PCOs). Our data demonstrate that PCOs upregulate the expression of HLA-I and HLA-II in inflammatory conditions. The immune response to allogeneic PCOs is driven by both HLA-I and HLA-II and is substantially ameliorated by donor-recipient HLA matching. Autologous PCOs induce a low-level immune infiltration into the graft site, while allogeneic cells display evolving stages of immune rejection in vivo. Our findings have important implications for the design and clinical translation of autologous and allogeneic organoid cellular therapies.</p>
Great Britain Primary Substation Datasets
<p>The growing demand for electrified heating, electrified transportation, and power-intensive data centres challenge distribution networks. If electrification projects are carried out without considering electrical distribution infrastructure, there could be unexpected blackouts and financial losses. Datasets containing real-world distribution network information are required to address this. On the other hand, social data, such as household heating composition, are closely coupled with people’s lives. Studying the coupling between the energy system and society is important in promoting social welfare. To fill these gaps, this paper introduces two datasets. The first is the main dataset for the distribution networks in Great Britain (GB), collecting information on firm capacity, peak demands, locations, and parent transmission nodes (the Grid Supply Point, namely GSP) for all primary substations (PSs). PSs are a crucial part of the UK distribution network and are at the lowest voltage level (11 kV) with publicly available data for most UK Distribution Network Operators (DNOs). Substation firm capacity and peak demand facilitate an understanding of the remaining room of the existing network. The parent GSP information helps link the dataset of distribution networks to datasets of transmission networks. These datasets are collected, processed, and merged from various files published by the six DNOs in GB. There were inconsistencies among the PS names across files even for the same DNO. A Python script and manual validation are performed to carefully process and merge the corresponding PS information. The second dataset extends the main network dataset, linking each PS to information about the number of households that use different types of central heating recorded in census data (Census in year 2021 for England and Wales, and Census 2011 for Scotland as the most recent Scotland Census 2022 data has not yet been fully released). The derivation of the second dataset is based on locations of PSs collected in the main dataset with appropriate assumptions. The derivation process may also be replicated to integrate other social datasets.</p> <p> </p> <p>If you are interested and would like to use this dataset. Please cite our paper:</p> <p>Zhou, Yihong, Chaimaa Essayeh, and Thomas Morstyn. "Datasets of Great Britain Primary Substations Integrated with Household Heating Information." <em>Data in Brief</em> (2024): 110483. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110483">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110483</a>.</p> <p>The paper encloses a detailed description of all the files and methods for processing and deriving our data. The paper above also describes the values, applications, possible extensions, and limitations of the released datasets.</p>
Impacts of black rat invasion on the primary rodent host of Lassa virus, Mastomys natalensis
<p>Shared here is code and data supporting the manuscript, "Reservoir displacement by an invasive rodent reduces Lassa virus zoonotic spillover risk."</p> <p>The project directory, which contains numerous large raster data files, was stored as a split zip archive to facilitate upload to Zenodo and consists of the files "rat_invasion.z01", "rat_invasion.z02", "rat_invasion.z03", and "rat_invasion.zip". Following download, these files may need to be decompressed using dedicated archiver software (such as The Unarchiver [https://theunarchiver.com/] on macOS). Note that the entire project repository is ~7 GB when uncompressed. The files shared here mirror the GitHub project repository (https://github.com/eveskew/rat_invasion) with the addition of the large environmental raster data in the "data/environmental" subdirectory.</p>
Output of Optimized gross primary productivity over the croplands within the BEPS particle filtering data assimilation system (BEPS_PF v1.0)
<p>Output of Optimized gross primary productivity over the croplands within the BEPS particle filtering data assimilation system (BEPS_PF v1.0)</p>
A global land-use data cube 1992-2020 based on the Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production: Dataset 2
<p>This dataset is part of the LUIcube, a global dataset on land-use at 30 arcsecond spatial resolution. The LUIcube includes information on area, the change in NPP due to land conversions (HANPP<sub>luc</sub>), the harvested NPP (including losses, HANPP<sub>harv</sub>), and the NPP remaining in ecosystems after harvest (NPP<sub>eco</sub>) for 32 land-use classes in annual time-steps from 1992 to 2020. A detailed description of the LUIcube is available in the accompanying publication.</p> <p>The layers of land-use areas are provided in square kilometers (km²) per grid cell. All NPP flows are provided in tC/yr per grid cell. Adding HANPP<sub>harv</sub> to NPP<sub>eco</sub> results in the actual NPP available before harvest (NPP<sub>act</sub>=NPP<sub>eco</sub>+HANPP<sub>harv</sub>), and adding HANPP<sub>luc</sub> to NPP<sub>act</sub> results in the potential NPP available in the hypothetical absence of land use (NPP<sub>pot</sub>=NPP<sub>act</sub>+HANPP<sub>luc</sub>) for the given land-use class. Area-intensive values (in gC/m²/yr) can be calculated by dividing the NPP flows by the area of the respective land-use class per grid cell. HANPP in % of NPP<sub>pot</sub> can be calculated by summing up HANPP<sub>harv</sub> and HANPP<sub>luc</sub> and dividing it by NPP<sub>pot</sub>. Areas and NPP flows of land-use classes can be aggregated to calculate their overall HANPP. </p> <p>This Zenodo repository provides data on following land-use classes: grazing land characterized by open wooded lands (GL-owl)</p>
Dataset for 'Global declines in net primary production underestimated by climate models'
<p>The dataset provided here is to be used in conjuction with the JuPyTer notebook provided here: https://github.com/tjryankeogh/global_npp_trends/tree/main</p> <p> </p> <p>Download the file and uncompress in a root directory where there is a folder 'FIGURES'. When running the notebook make sure to change this root directory when importing packages.</p> <p> </p>
IMPLEMENTING AND EVALUATING A PAEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PRIMARY HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN ZARIA
<p>Nigeria continues to grapple with alarmingly high under-five mortality rates, with approximately 2,300 children dying daily due to preventable and treatable diseases such as pneumonia, malaria, and diarrheal illnesses. This crisis is particularly pronounced in rural areas, where childhood mortality rates are significantly higher than in urban centres. For many rural communities, primary healthcare (PHC) centres serve as the sole access point to medical services, making these centres critical to addressing this public health challenge. Despite their importance, PHC centres often face significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, limited access to essential medications, and a shortage of adequately trained health personnel.</p> <p>This study aimed to implement and evaluate a Paediatric Emergency Management Training Program for healthcare workers at PHC centres in Zaria, Kaduna State. The primary objective was to assess the effectiveness of the training in improving the competency of health workers in managing common paediatric emergencies, thereby enhancing the overall quality of care provided at these centres.</p> <p>A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted involving 139 healthcare workers from selected PHC centres in Sabon Gari and Zaria Local Government Areas, utilizing a multi-stage random sampling technique. Data collection was performed using a pre-tested, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire designed to evaluate the participants' baseline knowledge, followed by an assessment after the training intervention. The data were analysed using SPSS version 21, with chi-square tests employed to examine the associations between variables. Results were presented using tables and charts for clarity.</p> <p>The findings revealed a generally low baseline competency in managing common paediatric emergencies among the healthcare workers. Specifically, 66 (48.5%) of the respondents demonstrated very poor knowledge regarding the causes of common paediatric emergencies, 32 (23.5%) had poor knowledge, 34 (25.0%) had good knowledge, and only 4 (2.9%) of the respondents exhibited excellent knowledge. Similarly, knowledge regarding the treatment of these emergencies was also lacking, with 46.7% of respondents showing very poor understanding, 34.1% having poor knowledge, 16.3% demonstrating good knowledge, and only 3.0% showing excellent knowledge. A statistically significant relationship was observed between academic qualifications and knowledge levels in both causes (p = 0.004) and treatment (p = 0.000) of paediatric emergencies.</p> <p>The low baseline knowledge underscores the critical need for targeted training interventions. The study highlights the importance of establishing a sustained partnership between the Department of Paediatrics at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital and the Departments of Primary Health Care in Zaria and Sabon Gari Local Governments. Regular training workshops, held quarterly, are recommended to continuously equip PHC workers with the necessary skills to effectively manage paediatric emergencies, ultimately contributing to a reduction in childhood mortality rates in the region.</p>
Figs 42–43 in Primary chaetotaxy and larval morphometry of Phaenonotum exstriatum and Dactylosternum cacti (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Figs 42–43. Phaenonotum exstriatum (Say, 1835), prothoracic leg of first instar larva. 42 – anterior view; 43 – posterior view. Scale bar = 0.05 mm.
Figs 46–48 in Primary chaetotaxy and larval morphometry of Phaenonotum exstriatum and Dactylosternum cacti (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Figs 46–48. Phaenonotum exstriatum (Say, 1835), chaetotaxy of third instar larva. 46 – detail of clypeolabrum; 47 – left antenna, dorsal view; 48 – right mandible, dorsal view. Scale bars: Figs 46, 48 = 0.1 mm, Fig. 47 = 0.05 mm.
Figs 44–45 in Primary chaetotaxy and larval morphometry of Phaenonotum exstriatum and Dactylosternum cacti (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Figs 44–45. Phaenonotum exstriatum (Say, 1835), chaetotaxy of the head capsule of the third instar larva. 44 – dorsal view; 45 – ventral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.