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2,739 results for “arizona”
Figure 17 in Serradigitus miscionei (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), a new species from southern Arizona
Figure 17: Distribution of Serradigitus miscionei, sp. nov., showing the locations of the San Pedro and Santa Cruz Rivers. The (X) is the holotype location and (square) a paratype location.
Figures 8–15 in Serradigitus miscionei (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), a new species from southern Arizona
Figures 8–15: Serradigitus miscionei, sp. nov., female paratype, Walnut Gulch, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA. 8. Carapace. 9. Chela, lateral view. 10. Chelal fingers, internoventral view, showing the position of trichobothria ib–it and six and seven inner denticles (ID) of the fixed and movable fingers, respectively. 11. Chelal fingers, external view, showing the highly serrated outer (OD) and median (MD) denticles, diagnostic of the genus. 12. Left pecten showing the lack of peg sensilla on the basal tooth and reduced developed of sensilla on second basal tooth. 13. Metasomal segment V and telson, ventral and lateral views. 14. Closeup of telson aculeus, ventral view, showing the development of the Laterobasal Aculear Serrations (LAS) with seven to eight serrations. 15. Tarsus, left leg III, showing pedal spurs, ventral row of median spinules, and single pair of distal spinules.
Figure 4 in Serradigitus miscionei (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), a new species from southern Arizona
Figure 4: Serradigitus miscionei, sp. nov., female holotype, Walnut Gulch, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA. Trichobothrial pattern.
Figure 3 in Serradigitus miscionei (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), a new species from southern Arizona
Figure 3: Serradigitus miscionei, sp. nov., female holotype, Walnut Gulch, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA. Ventral and dorsal surfaces.
Figures 5–7 in Serradigitus miscionei (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), a new species from southern Arizona
Figures 5–7: Serradigitus miscionei, sp. nov., female holotype, Walnut Gulch, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA. 5. Carapace and chelcierae, dorsal view. 6. Metasomal segment V and telson, lateral view. 7. Sternopectinal area.
Figure 2 in Serradigitus miscionei (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), a new species from southern Arizona
Figure 2: Habitat of Serradigitus miscionei, sp. nov., Walnut Gulch, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA (top). Closeup of microhabitat (bottom).
Figures Į–Į0. Marimatha adults. Į M. nigrofimbria ♂, 1.4 mi WSW Anthony, Marion Co., Florida 2 M. nigrofimbria ♀, Big Cypress Natute Preserve, Collier Co., Florida 3 M. squala ♂, Madera Canyon 4880', Santa Rita Mts., Santa Cruz Co., Arizona 4 M. squala ♀, Madera Canyon 4880', Santa Rita Mts., Santa Cruz Co., Arizona 5 M. quadrata ♂, Madera Canyon 3800', Santa Rita Mts., Pima Co., Arizona 6 M. quadrata ♀, Concan, Uvalde Co., Texas 7 M. tripuncta ♂, Fuchs Hammock near Homestead, Dade Co., Florida 8 M. tripuncta ♀, Fuchs Hammock near Homestead, Dade Co., Florida 9 M. piscimala ♂, Brown Canyon, Baboquivari Mts., Pima Co., Arizona Į0 M. piscimala ♀, Mission, Hidalgo Co., Texas. in Review of the North American species of Marimatha Walker with descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Eustrotiinae) and the description of Pseudomarimatha flava (Noctuinae, Elaphriini), a new genus and species confused with Marimatha
Figures Į–Į0. Marimatha adults. Į M. nigrofimbria ♂, 1.4 mi WSW Anthony, Marion Co., Florida 2 M. nigrofimbria ♀, Big Cypress Natute Preserve, Collier Co., Florida 3 M. squala ♂, Madera Canyon 4880', Santa Rita Mts., Santa Cruz Co., Arizona 4 M. squala ♀, Madera Canyon 4880', Santa Rita Mts., Santa Cruz Co., Arizona 5 M. quadrata ♂, Madera Canyon 3800', Santa Rita Mts., Pima Co., Arizona 6 M. quadrata ♀, Concan, Uvalde Co., Texas 7 M. tripuncta ♂, Fuchs Hammock near Homestead, Dade Co., Florida 8 M. tripuncta ♀, Fuchs Hammock near Homestead, Dade Co., Florida 9 M. piscimala ♂, Brown Canyon, Baboquivari Mts., Pima Co., Arizona Į0 M. piscimala ♀, Mission, Hidalgo Co., Texas.
Data and Analyses for Discoderus and overall Carabidae abundance for Arizona
<p>This dataset is derived from the NEON Ground Beetle pitfall trapping data product: https://data.neonscience.org/data-products/DP1.10022.001</p> <p>Data from the Santa Rita Experimental Range (SRER) from southern Arizona is analyzed to understand temporal patterns in abundance of the carabid genus Discoderus. This dataset is associated with a manuscript submitted to the Coleopterists Bulletin for publication.</p>
Quantifying Sustainability and Drivers of Aspen Regeneration and Recruitment in Arizona 2020-2022
Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) ecosystems are highly valued in the southwestern United States because of the ecological, economic, and aesthetic benefits they provide. Aspen has experienced extensive mortality in recent decades, and there is evidence that many areas in Arizona, USA lack adequate recruitment to replace dying overstory trees. Maintaining sustainable levels of regeneration and recruitment (i.e., juveniles) is critical for promoting aspen ecosystem resilience and adaptive capacity, but questions remain about which factors currently limit juvenile aspen and which strategies are appropriate for managing aspen in an increasingly uncertain future. To fill these critical knowledge gaps, we sampled aspen populations across Arizona and collected data representing a suite of biotic and abiotic factors that potentially influence juvenile aspen. Specifically, we addressed two questions: (1) Is aspen sustainably regenerating and recruiting in Arizona? and (2) Which biotic and abiotic factors significantly influence aspen regeneration and recruitment? We found that many aspen populations in Arizona lack sustainable levels of juvenile aspen, and the status of recruitment was especially dire, with 40% of study plots lacking a single recruiting stem. Aspen regeneration was less abundant on warmer, drier sites, highlighting the threat that a rapidly warming climate poses to aspen sustainability. Aspen recruitment was significantly more abundant in areas with recent fire and had a strong positive relationship with fire severity. The most important limiting factors for aspen recruitment were ungulate browse, especially by introduced Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni), and the invasive insect, oystershell scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi). We conclude with a discussion of how management can promote sustainability of aspen populations by addressing the array of threats that aspen faces, such as a warming climate, chronic ungulate browse, and outbreaks of oystershe
Extent, impacts, and drivers of oystershell scale invasions in aspen ecosystems in Arizona, USA 2020-2022
Invasive herbivores that kill foundation tree species pose a major threat to forest ecosystem sustainability. One important foundation tree species in the interior western United States is quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), which is threatened by recent outbreaks of an invasive insect, oystershell scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi; OSS). OSS outbreaks were first reported in 2016, when OSS began causing dieback and mortality of aspen in wildland forest settings in northern Arizona. Since then, OSS has been observed in other locations across Arizona and in other western states, and recent studies in Arizona have highlighted the threat that OSS poses to aspen sustainability, warranting a comprehensive survey of OSS invasions and their impacts on aspen ecosystems. We sampled aspen populations across Arizona and addressed three questions: (1) What is the geographic extent of OSS in Arizona? (2) What impacts does OSS have on aspen? (3) Which biotic and abiotic factors influence OSS abundance? We found that OSS was widespread in central Arizona and had a negative impact on aspen forest health. OSS was associated with crown damage and tree mortality, especially of intermediate-sized, recruiting stems. Climate was the most important driver of plot-level OSS abundance, with warmer, drier conditions resulting in significantly more OSS. OSS was also associated with less recent fire, presence of ungulate management strategies such as fenced exclosures, and stands with a greater density of aspen saplings. We conclude that active management is required to suppress OSS populations and mitigate damage to aspen ecosystems, and we provide OSS monitoring and management recommendations based on our findings.
Quantifying Oystershell Scale Phenology, Intensification, and Spread on Aspen in Arizona 2020-2022
Oystershell scale (OSS; Lepidosaphes ulmi L.) is an invasive insect that threatens sustainability of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) in the southwestern United States. OSS invasions have created challenges for land managers tasked with maintaining healthy aspen ecosystems for the ecological, economic, and aesthetic benefits they provide. Active management is required to suppress OSS populations and mitigate damage to aspen ecosystems, but before management strategies can be implemented, critical knowledge gaps about OSS biology and ecology must be filled. This study sought to fill these gaps by addressing 3 questions: (i) What is the short-term rate of aspen mortality in OSS-infested stands in northern Arizona, USA? (ii) What are the short-term rates of OSS population growth on trees and OSS spread among trees in aspen stands? (iii) What is the phenology of OSS on aspen and does climate influence phenology? We observed high levels of aspen mortality (annual mortality rate = 10.4%) and found that OSS spread rapidly within stands (annual spread rate = 10–12.3%). We found first, second, and young third instars throughout the year and observed 2 waves of first instars (i.e., crawlers), one throughout the summer and a second in mid-winter. The first wave appeared to be driven by warming seasonal temperatures, but the cause of the second wave is unknown and might represent a second generation. We provide recommendations for future OSS research, including suggestions for more precise quantification of OSS phenology, and discuss how our results can inform management of OSS and invaded aspen ecosystems.
Seasonal surveys of fish abundance and diversity in streams of central, eastern, and southern Arizona, USA (2016-2019)
Fish communities in desert streams are shaped by both the long-term selective pressures of streamflow regimes and the short-term effects of floods and droughts. Between spring 2016 and spring 2019 we conducted seasonal sampling of nine streams across the state of Arizona, USA on a gradient of flow regime variability. We calculated populations size for each species at all surveys to analyze seasonal and long-term variations in fish community composition. We additionally used the data to calculate annual rates of fish biomass production. This data set includes the raw catch data from three pass depletion electrofishing, population size estimates at each season, sampling locations, and the USGS stream gauges we used to obtain streamflow data.
Landuse classification of central Arizona-Phoenix 1912 to 1995
This dataset is part of a time series of maps that encompasses the development of the entire 20th century. Landuse categories include Urban, Agriculture, Desert, and Recreation. The development of these maps is to describe the nature of the change of each category between years. Based upon available data, the years used for this dataset are 1912, 1934, 1955, 1975, and 1995. Data sources used include U.S. Soil Conservation Service air photos, USGS topographic maps, Glendale Historical Society, Salt River Project historical agricultural data, and Arizona Department of Water Resources historical agricultural data.
Database of Geographic Information: Topographic Map of Central Arizona
This dataset has been created to meet the needs of the research community of Arizona State University. Apart from purely vizualization purposes (i.e. displaying the data on various maps) it can potentially be used for spatial modeling. The data consist of engineering-quality contours, also known as isolines, created from the NED 10-meter Digital Elevation Model subset to the extent somewhat exceeding Cetral Arizona - Phoenix LTER. Contours ( lines connecting points of equal height above sea level) are drawn at 15 meter intervals with the base set at 145 m of elevation. Contours are an exact interpretation of the grid surface model and may sometimes appear blocky looking, may cross, appear to intersect, or form an unclosed branching line. All these are valid engineering-quality interpretations of the elevation surface that cartographers typically modify (smooth) for aesthetic purposes.
Spatial reference data for the Central Arizona-Phoenix area: change in elevation
This dataset has been created to support the research activities of Arizona State University researchers. The slope grid identifies the rate of maximum change in elevation value from each grid cell and is calculated in degrees. The data are derived from the 30 meter Digital Elevation Model created for the Central Arizona-Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research program (dem30_utm).
Ecological Survey of Central Arizona: soil chemistry and soil properties in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area and surrounding Sonoran desert, survey year 2000
The Ecological Survey of Central Arizona (ESCA) is an extensive field survey and integrated inventory designed to capture key ecological indicators of the CAP LTER study area consisting of the urbanized, suburbanized, and agricultural areas of metropolitan Phoenix, and the surrounding Sonoran desert. The survey is conducted every five years at approximately 200 sample plots (30m x 30m) that were located randomly using a tessellation-stratified dual-density sampling design. Study plots cover habitats throughout the CAP LTER study area ranging from native Sonoran desert sites to residential yards to an airport tarmac. Measurements include an inventory of all plants (identified to the lowest possible taxonomic unit, typically species), plant biovolume, soil coring for physicochemical properties, arthropod sweep-net sampling, photo documentation, and a visual survey of site and area characteristics. The objectives of the survey are to (1) characterize patches in terms of key biotic, physical, and chemical variables, and (2) examine relationships among land use, general plant diversity, native plant diversity, plant biovolume, soil nutrient status, and social-economic indices along an indirect urban gradient. This data set focuses specifically on soil chemistry and soil properties assessed during the 2000 survey year. Investigators interested in soil data from more recent surveys or other measured variables should search the data catalog for 'ecological survey of central arizona' or 'survey 200' to locate those and other data related to the CAP LTER's ESCA.
Plant survey of current vegetation of Sonoran desert plant community distribution in mountain parks in central Arizona-Phoenix, August 1999.
This study represents an effort to map the distribution of plant community types across the Central Arizona - Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAP-LTER) site centered in metropolitan Phoenix using Landsat ETM data. Vegetation classification was carried out using field data collected from within the study area describing woody plant species. A system was devised which represented a compromise between providing floristic information and enabling maximum spectral discrimination between community types. Image classification used reference spectra derived from training sites in the field and was carried out on subsets defined by soil surface texture in order to control for the strong background soil signature inherent to arid regions. While groundtruthing revealed that vegetation on clayey soils was mapped to 91% accuracy, other sections produced maps with less accuracy. The results of this study demonstrate that image classification of desert vegetation using only Landsat ETM data is problematic and may not be practical without other supporting data, such as radar imaging.
Plant Survey of Current Vegetation: MAP OF SONORAN DESERT PLANT COMMUNITY DISTRIBUTION IN THE CAPLTER STUDY AREA, PHOENIX, ARIZONA
This study represents an effort to map the distribution of plant community types across the Central Arizona - Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAP-LTER) site centered in metropolitan Phoenix using Landsat ETM data. Vegetation classification was carried out using field data collected from within the study area describing woody plant species. A system was devised which represented a compromise between providing floristic information and enabling maximum spectral discrimination between community types. Image classification used reference spectra derived from training sites in the field and was carried out on subsets defined by soil surface texture in order to control for the strong background soil signature inherent to arid regions. While groundtruthing revealed that vegetation on clayey soils was mapped to 91% accuracy, other sections produced maps with less accuracy. The results of this study demonstrate that image classification of desert vegetation using only Landsat ETM data is problematic and may not be practical without other supporting data, such as radar imaging.This project attempts to produce a vegetation distribution map across undeveloped parcels of outlying desert wilderness, as well as remnant mountain parks throughout the city, contained within the Central Arizona Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAPLTER) study area. This effort seeks to create the first successful classification map of Sonoran Desert vegetation derived from satellite imagery. The map would also be the first fine-scale map of plant community types in the Phoenix region. The depiction would allow for a calculation of the land area covered by each vegetation class, and which communities are exposed to development pressures. This map potentially provides a basis from which researchers can measure vegetative biomass distribution across the landscape and attempt to incorporate this component into ecological models of energy flows and biogeochemical cycling in the CAP-LTER site. I
Environmental fate of combustion-derived organic compounds in arid, urban soils in central Arizona-Phoenix
In this research we wanted to ask, what is the magnitude, distribution, and fate of non-point carbon pollution in a low-density, urban area? To answer this question, the goal of the project is to: 1) characterize and quantify combustion-derived carbon compounds in soils near roadways across the Phoenix valley, 2) explore the dynamic fate of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils, and 3) assess the importance of microbial community structure in PAH storage and dynamics. We collected 63 soil samples near highways across the Phoenix valley to characterize and quantify PAH compounds using extraction methods with Ultrasound Sonication and analyses by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, we measured a suite of soil properties and processes to explore the role of abiotic and biotic factors on the retention of PAHs in urban soil. PAH concentrations in arid Phoenix soils ranged from 52 ug/kg dry soil to 8,296 ug/kg (mean 926 ug/kg), nearly an order of magnitude lower on average than expected based on data from other cities (Figure 1, Table 1). The project findings show the extent of these pollutants, an EPA-priority group of hazardous compounds, in urban soils. Although the most likely sources for PAH content in roadway soils are vehicle emissions, they were not correlated with traffic density (r2 = 0.024; p = 0.26) or highway age (r2 = 0.044; p = 0.13) across all sites. However, PAH concentrations were significantly correlated to soil organic matter (r2 = 0.36; p less than 0.001). These results suggest that PAH concentrations in roadway soils of desert cities may be controlled by factors associated with carbon retention, such as soil organic matter, rather than source or rate of deposition
Ecophysiological and behavioral adaptations of birds to rapid urbanization of a desert environment in central Arizona-Phoenix, from 2006 to 2008.
We used Sonoran desert species that have adapted to urbanization to various degrees to investigate relations between endocrine parameters, in particular plasma corticosterone in response to acute stress, and aspects of the immune system, parasite infections, and body condition. Desert residents generally suppressed their endocrine response to acute stress during the breeding season and underwent marked seasonal changes in body condition. By contrast, conspecific urban residents tended to maintain an acute stress response throughout the year and showed subdued seasonal changes in body condition. We surmise that this difference is related to differences between desert and urban environments in food resources that birds use to sustain themselves. The goal of upcoming studies will be to test this hypothesis. In addition, we are carrying out studies aimed at elucidating the neuroendocrine mechanisms that mediate differential stress responses seen in birds residing in rural vs. urban habitats. We are also developing experiments examining relation between the stress response and the activity of the immune and reproductive system. The data that we have already collected, and those to be collected in the coming year, will provide the most extensive set of data to date on effects of urbanization on wild vertebrates and on the mechanisms that are responsible for these effects.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.