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Awareness of Lung Cancer Risk Factors and Symptoms in Syria: An Online Cross-Sectional Study
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer fatalities and the second most frequent cancer. Population knowledge of the features of lung cancer is a crucial strategy for early diagnosis and decreasing the mortality rate of lung cancer patients. In this study, we aim to assess the Syrian population's knowledge of lung cancer and its risk factors and to measure awareness of symptoms related to lung cancer. <strong>Methods:</strong> This national cross-sectional study was conducted between October 12 to November 21, 2022 in Syria. We included Syrian people above 18 years from all Syrian governorates. The questionnaire consisted of three categories of questions: sociodemographic information, awareness of lung cancer symptoms, and awareness of lung cancer risk factors. <strong>Results:</strong> Overall, 2251 participants were involved in this research; almost half of them (47.3%) were aged between 21-30 years, and 30.9% indicated they are smoking cigarettes. The overall mean score of knowledge regarding closed questions about risk factors of lung cancer was 4.29; however, the mean score of knowledge regarding open questions about symptoms of lung cancer was 1.52. About half of the study sample (51.3%) indicated that unexplained weight loss is a possible symptom of lung cancer. Our findings showed that cigarette smokers have a lower probability of having adequate knowledge toward lung cancer risk factors than a non-smoker (AOR=0.73, COR=0.68, P-value<0.05). We also defined that females have higher statistically significant odds (AOR=1.3, COR=1.38, P-value<0.05) for being knowledgeable about the symptoms of lung cancer compared to the male sample study. Conclusion: According to our findings, there is inadequate knowledge toward lung cancer risk factors and moderate knowledge of lung cancer symptoms. Along with educational programs to raise public knowledge of the dangers of smoking and other LC risk factors, effective tobacco control policy execution is crucial. </p>
Data from: A cross-sectional study investigating the relationship between pit recovery time and serum albumin levels in bilateral lower extremity pitting oedema
<p><span><strong>Objectives</strong>:</span><span> In this study, we re-evaluated the relationship between pit recovery time (PRT) and serum albumin levels and elucidated the factors influencing PRT. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Design</strong>:</span><span> Cross-sectional study.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Setting</strong>:</span><span> Patients who visited the outpatient department or were admitted to a small urban hospital in Japan.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Participants</strong>:</span><span> 135 adult Japanese patients</span> <span>with bilateral lower extremity pitting oedema.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Interventions</strong>: </span></p> <p><strong><span>Primary and secondary outcome measures</span></strong><span>: This study assessed the correlation between PRT and serum albumin levels, calculated the predictive accuracy for identifying a group with low albumin levels when the PRT of the lower leg was < 40 s, and identified variables that influence PRT.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>:</span><span> We found no significant correlation between lower leg PRT and serum albumin levels. Furthermore, a PRT of < 40 s was largely ineffective in predicting low albumin levels. Factors influencing PRT included the diagnosis of malnutrition oedema, examinations conducted during hospitalisation, diagnosis of cardiac oedema, use of diuretics, thickness of the lower limb soft tissue, serum creatinine level, estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), age, serum albumin level, potassium level, and blood urea nitrogen to serum creatinine ratio. Notable correlations with PRT were observed in relation to lower limb soft tissue thickness, age, and estimated RVSP.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusions</strong>:</span><span> Given that the PRT is influenced by multiple factors, its correlation with serum albumin levels is weak. Thus, predicting hypoalbuminaemia based solely on PRT is inaccurate.</span></p>
MicroCT-based transversal cross-sections of degraded wires over their full length.
<p><span>(A) Co-Cr alloy, (B) Fe, (C) Zn, and (D) Zn alloy transversal cross-</span><span>sections over the length of the wire after 7 days of immersion. Corrosion products </span><span>are highlighted in orange.</span></p>
Optical constants, cross-sections, and supporting Python scripts for Fe L shell XAFS compounds in Corrales et al (2024), accepted to AAS Journals
<p>This Zenodo repository contains the data products and calculations of Corrales et al. (2024), https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.06726 (accepted to AAS Journals)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>A WORD OF CAUTION</strong></p> <p>The cross-sections presented here have not been shifted in absolute energy scale. One of the key results from Corrales et al. (2024) is that the energy scale calibration for these compounds needs to be revisited. Please proceed with caution when using this information.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Optical Constants</h2> <p>kkcalc_products/ - This folder contains optical constants for the various compounds</p> <p>kkcalc_products/*_input.dat files contain the absorption as measured in Lee et al. (2009) https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...702..970L/abstract). These values are supplied as input to kkcalc (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014OExpr..2223628W/abstract, available at https://github.com/benajamin/kkcalc), along with the stoichiometric formula and material density for the compound of interest.</p> <p>kkcalc_products/*_refrac.dat files contain the kkcalc output, i.e., the real and imaginary parts of the complex index of refraction (m). The "Delta" column equals Re(1-m) and the "Beta" column equals Im(m).</p> <p> </p> <h2>Python Scripts</h2> <p>extinction_xsects.py - Calculates the extinction cross-section for an MRN distribution of dust</p> <p>These Python files from github.com/eblur/gastronomy are used by extinction_xsects.py in order to properly scale the mass column density to Fe abundance:</p> <ul> <li>abundances.py</li> <li>molecules.py</li> <li>minerals.py</li> </ul> <p> </p> <h2>Extinction Cross-sections</h2> <p>extinction_xsects/ - This folder contains the results of extinction_xsects.py</p> <p>extinction_xsects/*_FeL.pdf - A plot of the high resolution Fe L shell features</p> <p>extinction_xsects/*_broad.pdf - A plot of the broad band (0.3 - 10 keV), lower resolution cross-sections with 50 eV spacing. These cross-sections include extrapolations for the K and L shell features for other elements in the compounds based on Henke tables (see Watts et al. 2014)</p> <p>extinction_xsects/*_final.pdf - A plot of the consolidated (low resolution broad band and high resolution Fe L shell) extinction cross-sections</p> <p>extinction_xsects/*_xsect.fits - The final cross-section information for each compound, stored as fits file table. The table columns are energy, absorption optical depth, scattering optical depth, and extinction optical depth. All optical depths are scaled to have a total dust mass column of 1e-4 g cm^-2.</p>
Risk-generating conditions in medication administration during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
<h2><span>This is a database collected in two periods: pre and post COVID-19 pandemic, which was used to construct Juliane Silveira Lobo Lage's master's thesis in nursing, supervised by Dr Flávia Giron Camerini.</span></h2>
Quality assessment of the included papers to assess the pooled prevalence of iodine deficiency among school-age children in Ethiopia, 2023 by using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies.
<p>This is a quality assessment data of the studies included to assess the pooled prevalence of iodine deficiency and associated factors among school-age children in Ethiopia</p>
raw data - Association between oxidative balance score and sarcopenia in the elderly: A cross-sectional study from NHANES
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Effect of orthodontic extraction of 1st or 2nd lower premolars on third molar angulation after treatment with fixed appliances: a cross-sectional study
<p>Dataset for all analyses</p>
Sero-epidemiological Cross-sectional investigation on COVID-19 virus infection in Georgia
<p>Results of population-based age stratified seroepidemiological investigation in Georgia</p>
Effectiveness of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac) on Survival at Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-sectional Study
<p><em>Background: </em>This study compared the course of COVID-19 in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) and evaluated the effect of vaccination with CoronaVac on admission to ICU.</p> <p><em>Methods: </em>Patients admitted to ICU due to COVID-19 between 1 April 2021 and 15 May 2021 were enrolled to the study. Clinical, laboratory, radiological parameters, hospital and intensive care unit mortality were compared between vaccinated patients and eligible but unvaccinated patients. Patients over 65 years old were the target population of the study due to the national vaccination schedule.</p> <p><em>Results: </em>Data from 90 patients were evaluated. Of these, 36 (40.0%) were vaccinated. All patients had the CoronaVac vaccine. Lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin levels were higher in unvaccinated group than vaccinated group (p=0.021 and 0.008, respectively). SpO<sub>2</sub> from the first arterial blood gas at ICU was 83.71±19.50 % in vaccinated, 92.36±6.59 % in unvaccinated patients (p=0.003). Length of ICU and hospital stay were not different (p=0.204, 0.092, respectively). ICU and hospital mortality were similar between groups <strong>(<strong>p=0.11 and 0.70, respectively</strong>).</strong></p> <p><em>Conclusions: </em>CoronaVac vaccine had no effect on survival from COVID-19. CoronaVac’s protective effect, especially on new genetic variants, should be investigated further.</p>
A cross-sectional study of nemaline myopathy supplementary figures
<p><strong>Objective: </strong> Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a rare neuromuscular condition with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. To establish disease natural history, we performed a cross-sectional study of NM, complemented by longitudinal assessment and exploration of pilot outcome measures. </p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty-seven individuals with NM were recruited at two family workshops, including 16 examined at both time points. Subjects were evaluated by clinical history and physical examination. Functional outcome measures included the Motor Function Measure (MFM), pulmonary function tests (PFTs), myometry, goniometry, and bulbar assessments. </p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The most common clinical classification was "typical congenital" (54%), whereas 42% had more severe presentations. 58% of individuals needed mechanical support, with 26% requiring wheelchair, tracheostomy, and feeding tube. The MFM scale was performed in 44/57 participants and showed reduced scores in most with little floor/ceiling effect. Of the 27 individuals completing PFTs, abnormal values were observed in 65%. Lastly, bulbar function was abnormal in all patients examined, as determined using a novel outcome measure. Genotypes included mutations in ACTA1 (18), NEB (20), and TPM2 (2). Seventeen individuals were genetically unresolved. Patients with pathogenic ACTA1 and NEB variants were largely similar in clinical phenotype. Patients without genetic resolution had more severe disease. </p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In all, we present a comprehensive cross-sectional study of NM. Our data identify significant disabilities and support a relatively stable disease course. We identify a need for further diagnostic investigation for the genetically unresolved group. Lastly, MFM, pulmonary function tests, and the slurp test were identified as promising outcome measures for future clinical trials. </p>
Data from: Assessment of fear, anxiety, obsession and functional impairment due to COVID-19 amongst health-care workers and trainees: a cross-sectional study in Nepal
<p><b>Background:</b> The emergence of the COVID-19 epidemic threw the world into turmoil. The medical community bore the brunt of the pandemic's toll. It became clear that there was a shortage of medical personnel and resources. Long work hours, and a lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) and social support all had an influence on mental health.</p> <p><b>Methods: </b>This cross-sectional study was conducted among Lumbini Medical College Teaching Hospital students and employees in Palpa, Nepal. Data entailing their demographic details, pre-existing comorbidities, or death in the family due to COVID-19 was collected using a self-administered survey. In addition, the level of fear, anxiety, obsession, and functional impairment due to COVID-19 was recorded using previously validated respective scales.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> In total, 403 health care workers and trainees participated in our study. The average age of the study participants was 23±4 years, and more than half of them (n=262, 65%) were females. A significant association was found between fear score with age (p=0.04), gender (p-value <0.01) and occupation (p-value<0.001). Participants suffering from chronic diseases (p-value=0.36), and those who had experienced a COVID-19 death in the family (p-value=0.18), were not found to be significantly obsessed with COVID-19. However, for those who had experienced a COVID-19 death in the family (p-value=0.51) and age (p-value=0.34), these factors were not found to be significantly associated with higher anxiety levels. Nursing students suffered from a significantly greater functional impairment than people of other medical professionals (mean score=269.15, p-value < 0.001). A moderately positive correlation was observed between fear, anxiety, obsession, and functional impairment scales.</p> <p><b>Conclusion:</b> Unpredictability and uncertainty are considerable in the aftermath of the pandemic. People's psychological well-being deteriorates due to the repercussions of developing a severe sickness, being isolated, and confronting the stigma of being infected. With the health care personnel at the front lines, the stakes are considerably higher for them. This study revealed various socio-demographic characteristics as risk factors for psychological stress in the healthcare personnel of Nepal during the COVID-19 pandemic. A viable answer to this quandary might be adequate psychosocial intervention by health care authorities, increased social support, and the introduction of better mental health management measures for healthcare personnel.</p>
Data for: Thriving in a pandemic: determinants of excellent wellbeing among New Zealanders during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown; a cross-sectional survey
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions are associated with adverse psychological impacts but an assessment of positive wellbeing is required to understand the overall impacts of the pandemic.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>The NZ Lockdown Psychological Distress Survey measured excellent wellbeing categorised by a WHO-Five Well-being Index (WHO-5) score ≥22. The survey also contained demographic and pre-lockdown questions, subjective and objective lockdown experiences, and questions on alcohol use. The proportion of participants with excellent wellbeing is reported with multivariate analysis examining the relative importance of individual factors associated with excellent wellbeing.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Approximately 9% of the overall sample reported excellent wellbeing during the New Zealand lockdown. Excellent wellbeing status was associated with older age, male gender, Māori and Asian ethnicity, and lower levels of education. Excellent wellbeing was negatively associated with smoking, poor physical and mental health, and previous trauma.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> A substantial minority of New Zealanders reported excellent wellbeing during severe COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Demographic and broader health factors predicted excellent wellbeing status. An understanding of these factors may help to enhance wellbeing during any future lockdowns.</p>
Impacts of using different standard populations in calculating age-standardized death rates when age-specific death rates in the populations being compared do not have a consistent relationship: A cross-sectional population-based observational study on US state HIV death rates
<p><strong>Objective</strong>: To examine if the rankings of state HIV age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) changed if different standard population (SP) was used.</p> <p><strong>Design</strong>:<strong> </strong>A cross-sectional population-based observational study. Setting 36 states in the United States.</p> <p><strong>Participants</strong>: People died from 2015 to 2019.</p> <p><strong>Main outcome measures</strong>: State HIV ASDR using 4 SPs, namely WHO2000, US2000, US2mor020, and Eur2011–2030.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The rankings of 19 states did not change when ASDRs were calculated using US2000 and US2020. Of the 17 states whose rankings changed, the rankings of 9 states calculated using US2000 were higher than those calculated using US2020; in 8 states, the rankings were lower. The states with the greatest changes in rankings between US2000 and US2020 were Kentucky (12th and 9th, respectively) and Massachusetts (8th and 11th, respectively).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: State ASDRs calculated using the current official SP (US2000) weigh middle-age HIV death rates more heavily than older-age HIV death rates, resulting in lower ASDRs among states with higher older-age HIV death rates.</p>
Interrelationship among thigh intermuscular adipose tissue, cross-sectional area, muscle strength and functional mobility in older subjects
<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between lower limb strength, muscle mass and composition and balance ability in elders. <strong>Methods:</strong> Thirthy-four older participants (Age: 65.6±4.73 years; male=10 and female=24) were assessed for muscle strength (maximal isometric strength of knee extensors and one repetition maximum by leg press, 1RM), balance and gait capacity (Mini-BESTest), body composition by DXA (obtaining Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index, ASMMI) and magnetic resonance imaging of thigh to evaluate Intermuscular Adipose Tissue (IMAT) and muscle Cross Sectional Area (CSA). <strong>Results:</strong> Positive correlations between 1RM leg press and ASMMI (r<sub>s</sub>=0.64, P<.0001) and thigh CSA (r<sub>s</sub>=0.52, P=.0017), but not with thigh IMAT, were found. In addition, significant correlations between knee extensors strength and ASMMI (r<sub>s</sub>=0.48, P=.004) and thigh CSA (r<sub>s</sub>=0.49, P=.0033) and IMAT (r<sub>s</sub>=-0.35, P=.043) were observed whereas no significant correlations between the Mini-BESTest with ASMMI, thigh CSA and IMAT were observed. <strong>Discussion:</strong> Lower limb strength positively correlated with appendicular muscle mass. Further, the maximal isometric strength of knee extensors negatively correlated with thigh IMAT in elderly patients whereas the dynamic balance ability did not correlate with any of the morphological variables of the muscle (i.e. ASMMI, CSA and IMAT). A reduced muscle size and strength could affect movement and reduce physical function in older patients. Improving the composition and size of muscle in elder subjects could reduce frailty and risk of falls.</p>
Prevalence, severity, and risk factors of disability among adults living with HIV accessing routine outpatient HIV care in London, United Kingdom (UK): A cross-sectional self-report study
<div> <p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>The study objectives were to measure disability prevalence and severity, and examine disability risk factors, among adults living with HIV in London, United Kingdom (UK).</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>Self-reported questionnaires were administered: World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS), HIV Disability Questionnaire (HDQ), Equality Act disability definition (EADD), and demographic questionnaire. We calculated proportion (95% Confidence Interval; CI) of "severe" and "moderate" disability measured using EADD and WHODAS scores ≥2 respectively. We measured disability severity with HDQ domain severity scores. We used demographic questionnaire responses to assess risk factors of "severe" and "moderate" disability using logistic regression analysis, and HDQ severity domain scores using linear regression analysis.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>Of 201 participants, 176 (87.6%) identified as men, median age 47 years, and 194 (96.5%) virologically suppressed. Severe disability prevalence was 39.5% (n=79/201), 95% CI [32.5%, 46.4%]. Moderate disability prevalence was 70.5% (n=141/200), 95% CI [64.2%, 76.8%]. Uncertainty was the most severe HDQ disability domain. Late HIV diagnosis was a risk factor for severe disability [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.71; CI 1.25, 5.87]. Social determinants of health, economic inactivity [OR 2.79; CI 1.08, 7.21] and receiving benefits [OR 2.87; CI 1.05, 7.83], were risk factors for "severe" disability. <span>Economic inactivity [OR 3.14; CI 1.00, 9.98] was a risk factor for </span>"moderate" disability. Economic inactivity, receiving benefits, and having no fixed abode were risk factors (P≤0.05) across HDQ domains; physical, mental and emotional, difficulty with day-to-day activities, and challenges to social participation. Personal factors, identifying as a woman and being aged <50 years, were risk factors (P≤0.05) for HDQ domains; mental and emotional, uncertainty, and challenges with social participation.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>People living with well-controlled HIV in London UK experienced multi-dimensional and episodic disability. Results help to better understand the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of disability experienced by adults living with HIV, identify areas to target interventions, and optimise health and functioning.</p> </div>
Nasopharyngeal swabs vs. saliva sampling for SARS-CoV-2 detection: A cross-sectional survey of acceptability for caregivers and children after experiencing both methods
<p><span>Background: </span><span>Saliva sampling is a promising alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 testing, but acceptability data is lacking. We characterize the acceptability of saliva sampling and nasopharyngeal swabs for primary decision makers and their children after experiencing both testing modalities.</span></p> <p><span>Results: </span><span>48 participants and 48 primary decision makers completed the survey. Nasopharyngeal swab acceptability differed between scenarios, ranging 79% [95%CI: 66, 88] to 100% [95%CI: 95, 100]); saliva sampling acceptability was similar across scenarios, ranging 92% [95%CI: 82, 97]) to </span><span> </span><span>98% [95%CI: 89, 99]. 58% of youth described significant pain with nasopharyngeal swabbing, versus none with saliva sampling. 90% of children prefer saliva sampling. 66% of primary decision makers would prefer nasopharyngeal swabbing if it were 10% more sensitive.</span></p> <p><span>Conclusion: </span><span>Though youth prefer saliva sampling over nasopharyngeal swabs, primary decision makers present for testing remain highly accepting of both. Acceptance of nasopharyngeal swabs, however, varies with the testing indication and is influenced by perceived test accuracy. Understanding factors that influence sampling acceptance will inform more successful testing strategies.</span></p>
The unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on life expectancy across urban areas in Chile: A cross-sectional demographic study
<p>Data accompanying the paper The unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on life expectancy across urban areas in Chile: A cross-sectional demographic study, currently at https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.08.21267475v1</p>
Unmet Health Needs among Young Adults with Cerebral Palsy in Ireland: A Cross-Sectional Study
<p>Data used in publication entitled: "Unmet Health Needs among Young Adults with Cerebral Palsy in Ireland: A Cross-Sectional Study" </p> <p>Published in Journal of Clinical Medicine, August 2022.</p> <p>Associated metadata provided in "metadata_unmetneed_v1"</p>
Dataset for a cross-sectional study collated from June 2019 to July 2022 among patients visiting Kalkaal Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
<p>This is a dataset for a cross-sectional study collated from June 2019 to July 2022 among patients visiting Kalkaal Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia. All individuals were evaluated for the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) within one hour of sample collection using fast chromatographic immunoassays. Using ELISA equipment for quantitative testing, positive individuals were confirmed. Similarly, a Hepatitis C blood test was performed using a rapid and a PCR test to validate the result. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 was used as the analysis tool.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.